Sugar

SUGAR

Sugars in food: AKA

Sucrose/sucralose Table sugar, raw sugar,

turbinado sugar Granulated cane sugar Confectioner’s or powdered

sugar Brown sugar Invert sugar Maple syrup Polydextrose Maltose Maltodextrin

Molasses Honey Date sugar Corn sweeteners Corn syrup/HFCS Fruit sugar (fructose) Levulose Fruit juice concentrate Concentrated fruit juice

sweetener Glucose dextrose

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KVsgXPt564Q&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EEbRxTOyGf0

http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/OnCall/story?id=4439943&page=1

High Fructose Corn Syrup

What is it? Sweetener made from corn Metabolized in body similar to sugar

FDA: “Generally recognized as safe.” Still controversial Does it promote obesity?

Enhances flavor, softens texture & protects freshness

Artificial Sweeteners The good & the bad.

Not metabolized the same way as sugar Saves calories

But… People may end up consuming more

Real sugar packet = 1 teaspoon = 16 calories

Artificial Sweeteners

Saccharin: AKA: Sweet & Low One of the first substitutes approved by FDA

Aspartame: AKA: Nutrasweet or Equal Approved by FDA in 1981

Stevia: South American shrub Not approved by FDA

Artificial Sweeteners continued

Sucralose: AKA: Splenda 600 times sweeter than sugar Approved by FDA in 1998

Neotame: 7,000 times sweeter than sugar FDA preliminary reports “safe”

Activity

So.. How much sugar is actually in some common products?

Conversion factor: 4 grams = 1 teaspoon

SODAS

“Mountain Dew Mouth”

http://video.google.com/videosearch?hl=en&q=Mountain%20Dew%20Mouth&rlz=1W1HPIA_en&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=wv#

Soda & Calories

In General: 12 oz Pepsi – 150 calories

32 oz Pepsi – 400 calories

64 oz Pepsi – 800 calories

Soda & Obesity – connection?

Harvard Study: Obesity increases significantly with each

daily serving of sugar-sweetened soft drink. Soft drinks currently are the leading source

of added sugar in the daily diet.

“It is not uncommon for teenagers to receive 500 to 1000 calories per day from sugar-sweetened drinks.” (David Ludwig, coauthor)

(Gortmaker, S., & Ludwig, D., (2001) Harvard School of Public Health)

Soda & Obesity continued

Overall, it is easy to over-consume calories.

Are diet sodas healthier?

Soda & Heart Disease

Should they be regulated?

Soda & Bones

Girls who are active: 5x more likely to have bone fractures with

soda consumption.

Theory of why: Phosphoric acid may affect calcium metabolism

and bone mass.

(Wyshak, G., (2000), Harvard School of Public Health)

Beverages

Six levels Water Tea & Coffee Low-Fat, Skim Milks & Soy beverages Noncalorically sweetened beverages Caloric beverages with some nutrients Calorically sweetened beverages

(Source: Harvard School of Public Health)