The Ministry of Environment, Forestry and Physical Development Sudan Sustainable Natural Resources Management Project PROCESS FRAMEWORK October, 2013 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
The Ministry of Environment,
Forestry and Physical Development
Sudan Sustainable Natural Resources
Management Project
PROCESS FRAMEWORK
October, 2013
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
wb452162
Typewritten Text
RP1503
Sudan Sustainable Natural Resources Management Project (P129156) Process Framework
ii
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS .................................................................................... iv
GLOSSARY................................................................................................................................... v
Sudan Sustainable Natural Resources Management Project (P129156) Process Framework
19
ANNEX 1: Summary of Issues Raised During Stakeholder Consultations
Issues Recommended Actions
Government Institutions
The limited capacity of government agencies
to enforce laws and to curb illegal felling of
trees, encroachment of forest land by farmers
and pastoralists
Capacity building of key agencies and
sufficient resourcing of their activities
Underestimating the knowledge of pastoralists
by scientists in managing rangelands
Respecting the local communities and
consider their aspirations and thoughts should
guide project implementation
Community buy- in, low level of participation,
recurrent drought and low government
capacity will undermine the project
Community participation and ownership and
capacity building of government offices;
interventions for alternative livelihood and
income and job creation
Intricacy of access to water at household level
for domestic use; horizontal expansion of
agriculture causing destruction of trees, bushes
and blocking nomadic routes
Water harvesting, harvesting and utilization
of flood water in the rain the season by
constructing hafirs , creating equitable access
to water,
Conflict over land use between farmers and
pastoralists
Community participation, effective
implementation of laws and conflict
resolution mechanisms
Participatory range management is difficult
and slow process to have impact
Strengthen capacity of local implementing
institutions and community; organizing and
working with community groups; learning
form past experiences of working with
communities and best practices
Effective coordination among various
stakeholders could be a challenge
Involvement of all relevant stakeholders from
the start and specifying the roles and
responsibilities of each of them
Communities may not accept the project and
object to it
Strong pubic communication campaign to
popularize the project;
Communities
Community capacity in natural resource
management is limited
Skills training for communities in managing
natural resources
Low capacity for effective utilization of water
resources, lack of capacity in government
agencies, weak transparency in the use of
funds and the land tenure will pose challenges
for the implementation of the project
Training and introduction of techniques for
water harvesting; strong community
participation and transparent system of fund
management
The communities are not informed about the
project and are not aware of which specific
Community participation; institutional
support for community organizations such as
Sudan Sustainable Natural Resources Management Project (P129156) Process Framework
20
areas it will be implemented pastoralist unions, farmers union and the like
Overgrazing, illicit felling of trees, tribal
conflicts, fires, charcoal making and low level
of awareness about natural resource
management are challenges for project
Fuel saving technologies, capacity building of
implementation agencies at local level to
enable them enforce laws and regulations,
participation of communities and their
organizations in project activities, developing
land use plan/mapping in consultation with
the different land users.
Women should benefit from project Participation of women conservation
activities
Sudan Sustainable Natural Resources Management Project (P129156) Process Framework
21
ANNEX 2 Map of Sudan and States where the SSNRMP will be
implemented (Project States: Kassala, White Nile and Gezira are shown in
blue, red and green, respectively
Sudan Sustainable Natural Resources Management Project (P129156) Process Framework
22
ANNEX 3: Terms of Reference for the Preparation of Environmental and
Social Management Framework, Resettlement Policy Framework
Introduction
1. The proposed project on Sudan Sustainable Natural Resources Management falls under the
World Bank/GEF Sahel and West Africa Program (SAWAP) in support of the Great Green Wall
Initiative (GGWI). The SAWAP was approved by GEF Council in May 2011 and provides a flexible
framework for 12 countries, including Sudan, to implement national priorities to tackle land
degradation, to conserve biodiversity, and to adapt to and mitigate climate change. The program
builds on TerrAfrica experience in multi-sector, multi-partner approaches to define sustainable land
management (SLM) investment priorities.
2. The SSNRMP would address land degradation and loss of biodiversity challenges in Sudan
mainly by strengthening institutions working on natural resources management and promoting a
landscape approach to natural resources management and conservation of biodiversity. The project
would be financed by GEF and the government of Sudan and implemented for 5 years.
3. The proposed project will have the following four components.
Component 1: Capacity building, policy, information system, and knowledge platform: This component will build national and local level capacities to harmonize and strengthen polices and
institutions for effective implementation of sustainable natural resources management initiatives.
Activities under this component may include strengthen environmental policy, studies on impacts of
climate change on ecosystems of the three selected States, trainings in water and soil conservation,
documentation of best practices ad knowledge exchange/
Component 2: Community based activities to improve livelihood of local communities. These
activities may include may include community based activities to sustainably manage rangelands and
forests. Activities under this component include training of local communities in sustainable
management of rangelands and forest resources, development of wind breaks, water harvesting
options, agroforestry, and tree nurseries. Further, communities will be organized in productive
associations (cooperatives) to maximize economic benefits by producing such as honey, fruit trees
and natural gums. Forests and Rangelands will be gazzeted in order to restore native vegetation
(through reforestation, enrichment planting, natural regeneration, sand dune stabilization and
preparation of effective natural resource management plans). Restoration of the ecosystems and
development of effective natural resource management plans are expected to improve biodiversity and
create a conducive environment for subsequent re-introduction of certain wildlife species.
Component 3: Project management: This component includes activities such as fiduciary
management, monitoring and evaluation, technical supervisions, reporting and auditing.
4. The proposed project will be implemented in White Nile, Gezira and Kassala States. These
selected States are suitable for undertaking project activities described under component 2 above.
5. In White Nile State, rangeland management activities at Um Remta, Ed Douiem and Getaina
localities are being implemented, and the government expressed an interest in scaling up and in
piloting new approaches. Potential rangeland management activities include to legally gazette the
rangeland, to stabilize sand dunes with appropriate grass species, to establish and manage a nursery
for rehabilitating the rangeland, and to develop rangeland management plans.
6. In Gezira State, the main focus would be to reforest the already gazetted Omelela and Wad
Byonl Forest Reserves, which together comprise about 85,000 ha in the Butana area. The project
would also develop management plans for these reserves, to help ensure that livestock grazing and
other human uses are sustainably managed.
Sudan Sustainable Natural Resources Management Project (P129156) Process Framework
23
7. In Kassala State, the focus would be on rehabilitating the 2,400 ha Thadai Forest Reserve by
reforestation of previously-cleared gaps, enrichment plantings, legal gazetting of the reserve, and
developing a management plan.
8. The Forest National Corporation (FNC) is officially designated by the Government of Sudan to
prepare and implement the SSNRMP. It is the FNC responsibility to prepare safeguard
instruments for SSNRMP.
Objective
9. The objective of this consultancy work is to provide support to the Forest National Cooperation to
undertake environment baseline and social assessment studies.
10. Scope of work
For preparing ESMF
a. Baseline Data: The Consultant will describe and give adequate information on the current
environmental situation of intervention sites in White Nile, Kassala and Gezera States. The
following elements will be surveyed and documented:
Physical environment: geology; topography; soils; climate and meteorology; ambient air
quality; surface and ground water hydrology
Biological environment: flora; fauna; rare or endangered species; sensitive habitats, including
parks or preserves, significant natural sites, (such as wetlands, mangroves and swamp
forests), etc
Socio-economic environment: socio-economic baseline of livelihoods, land use, land tenure
and land titling and human settlements, labour issues (such as job losses from privatization,
retrenchment (including any associated safety net programs), pension liability, and share
ownership by unions/workers of enterprises).
b. Environmental and Social Policy and Regulatory Framework: The Consultant will analyze
the existing environmental policies, laws, conventions and protocols on environmental impact
assessment, and assess needs for their strengthening. In addition, the Consultant will analyze
sub-sector specific policies, laws, regulations and directives with potential for environmental
implications. In particular, the adequacy of the sub-sectoral development and investment
planning process, should be reviewed in terms of objectives, methodology and procedures for
review and approval of plans and projects, The Framework should assess whether
environmental and social issues are sufficiently identified covered by current procedures.
c. Environmental Screening and scoping: The initial stage of the Consultants’ intervention will
be the scoping of the project’s activities, impacts and other ways in which the project could
influence environmental factors. The consultant will have to propose options for the creation
of an environmental screening, evaluating, and supervising mechanism within the project
management unit, which will ensure that funded projects/sub-projects are environmentally
sound and sustainable and that any adverse environmental and social consequences are
recognized early in the project’s cycle. This study is expected to develop an environmental
and social screening and reporting section using a simple environmental/social criteria
checklist format.
d. Analysis of Environmental Impact Issues: Identify specific types of projects and associated
environmental impacts that might require separate environmental assessment in relation to
location, project size, and other site-specific factors.
e. Development of Management Plan to Mitigate Negative Impacts: The Framework
shall identify and describe the key environmental issues and impacts and recommend
practical and cost-effective actions to prevent or reduce significant impacts to tolerable
levels. Estimate the impacts and costs of mitigation measures, as well as the institutional and
personnel capacity building needs to implement them. Prepare an environmental
management plan including proposed work programs, budget estimates, schedules, staffing
and training requirements, and other necessary support services to implement the mitigating
measures.
Sudan Sustainable Natural Resources Management Project (P129156) Process Framework
24
f. Institutional Framework: The consultant shall propose means for strengthening of
implementing institutions to be able to predict and control the environmental impacts of the
project and its sub-components. To this end, the ESMF will address institutional tasks and
cover every stage of the project process (from the initiation and reviews to the monitoring of
the implementation of environmental mitigation plans).The ESMF should also assess the
capacity of the implementing agency to handle the preparation, implementation and
supervision of comprehensive environmental assessment of the proposed project. The
Framework should also examine existing EA capacity within at the Federal and State levels
and the need for complementary in-house EA capacity, and should explore the possibility of
establishing an environmental/social unit within the PIU structure with the responsibility to
conduct or supervise the environmental and social analyses of all sub-projects proposal.
g. Training Needs: Based on the study’s findings, the consultant should describe trainings
needed to build capacity of implementing agencies and communities for effective
implementation of ESMF.
h. Consultation: Public consultation is a vital part of the EA process. Since the ESMF is
conducted before most of the sub-project decisions are made, the consultant shall discuss and
interact with national NGOs, community opinion leaders, scientific experts, relevant
government agencies and the private sector and, in addition to reporting on these inputs, also
factor them into the recommendations of the ESMF.
i. Monitoring and Evaluations: The consultant should describe a monitoring regime that will
be established, prioritizing those elements that must be in place prior to construction to allow
a baseline to be established against which changes during construction, and on into operation,
can be assessed with identification of who is responsible for M & E.
For preparing Resettlement Policy Framework
A brief description of the project and components for which land acquisition and resettlement are
required
Principles and objectives governing resettlement preparation and implementation;
Description of the process for preparing and approving resettlement plans;
Legal Framework: Review Government of Sudan legal, regulatory and policy framework for
land acquisition, expropriation, compensation, relocation and resettlement, taking into account land
use/land tenure laws; review their effectiveness and make recommendation for its improvement
when required. Review potential conflicts between national and World Bank legal requirements and
measures proposed to bridge any gaps between them.
Institutional Framework: Analyze the suitability of the current institutional arrangements, the
capacity of the client and its preparedness to execute resettlement/rehabilitation activities falling
under this project and recommend ways to enhance the institutional capacity of the client. Describe
institutional arrangements for funding resettlement including the preparation and review of cost
estimates, the flow of funds, and the contingency arrangements.
Valuation of and Compensation for Losses: Define appropriate methods and procedures to be
used in valuing losses to determine their replacement cost and describe levels of compensation to
achieve replacement cost for lost assets. Describe arrangements for funding resettlement, including
the preparation and review of cost estimates, the flow of funds, and contingency arrangements
Eligibility: Define the criteria for determining the eligibility for compensation and other resettlement
assistance including relevant cut-off dates. Such criteria should take into account
those who have formal legal rights to land (including customary and traditional rights
recognized under the laws of the country);
those who do not have formal legal rights to land at the time the census begins but have a
claim to such land or assets--provided that such claims are recognized under the laws of the
country or become recognized through a process identified in the resettlement plan; and
Sudan Sustainable Natural Resources Management Project (P129156) Process Framework
25
those who have no recognizable legal right or claim to the land they are occupying.
Methods of valuing assets;
Organizational procedures for delivery of entitlements, including, for projects involving
private sector intermediaries, the responsibilities of the financial intermediary, the
government, and the private developer;
A description of the implementation process, linking resettlement implementation to civil
works;
Community Participation: Define mechanisms for consultations with and participation of PAPs
in plan/design, implementation and monitoring of presumed resettlement activities;
Resettlement Instruments: Define: a) the process and procedures of preparing and approving
resettlement/rehabilitation action plans (RAPs) ; b) a description of the implementation process,
linking resettlement implementation to civil works and c) a template for the design of sub-project
Resettlement Action Plans ;
Estimated Number of PAPs (project affected persons) and Resettlement Budget: Provide an
estimate of the number of persons/households to be negatively affected and the estimated
compensation budget for resettlement/rehabilitation. Particular attention should be paid to the needs of
vulnerable groups among those displaced, especially those below the poverty line, the landless, the
elderly, women and children, or other displaced persons who may not be protected through national
land compensation legislation.
Grievance Procedures: Define a formal process for information dissemination and settlement of
disputes and counselling during resettlement process;
A description of the arrangements for funding resettlement, including the preparation and review
of cost estimates, the flow of funds, and contingency arrangements;
Monitoring and Evaluation: Design a mechanism for monitoring and evaluation of resettlement
activities by implementing agencies, independent monitors as well as the PAPs – to ensure full and
objective information
Deliverables The consultant should work closely with FNC to produce the environment baseline and social
assessment study report. On the basis of the study results, it is envisaged that FNC will prepare the
safeguard instruments for the Sudan Sustainable Natural Resources Management Project
Duration
The duration of the consultancy work shall be 30 days. The Consultancy work will start on April 25
and terminate on May 31, 2012.
Management and reporting arrangements
The consultancy work will be managed by FNC and the consultant should work closely with the FNC.
Profile and qualifications of the consultancy
The consultant should have a minimum of Master’s degree with an experience of more than 10 years
in the field of environmental and social science. The consultant should be familiar with the
environment, natural resources management and social issues in Sudan. S/he should be particularly
familiar with the environmental baseline and social assessment works. S/he should have experience
in preparing environment baseline and social assessment studies.