1 Successful Streambank Bioengineering for Drier Areas of the West Successful Streambank Bioengineering for Drier Areas of the West 1985 1985 2000 2000 Plant Person trying to stay ahead of the engineers, geomorphologists, hydrologists, and others Plant Person trying to stay ahead of the engineers, geomorphologists, hydrologists, and others
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Successful Streambank Bioengineering for Drier Areas of ...Successful Streambank Bioengineering for Drier Areas of the West Successful Streambank Bioengineering for Drier Areas of
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Successful Streambank Bioengineering for Drier Areas
of the West
Successful Streambank Bioengineering for Drier Areas
of the West
19851985
20002000
Plant Person trying to stay ahead of the engineers, geomorphologists, hydrologists, and
others
Plant Person trying to stay ahead of the engineers, geomorphologists, hydrologists, and
others
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•Streambank soil bioengineering is defined as the use of live and dead plant materials in combination with natural and synthetic support materials for slope stabilization, erosion reduction, and vegetative establishment (Allen and Leech, 1997).
•Streambank soil bioengineering uses plants as the main structural components to stabilize and reduce erosion on streambanks rather than just for aesthetics.
•Successful establishment of the plants, both herbaceous and woody, is extremely important.
•Streambank soil bioengineering is defined as the use of live and dead plant materials in combination with natural and synthetic support materials for slope stabilization, erosion reduction, and vegetative establishment (Allen and Leech, 1997).
•Streambank soil bioengineering uses plants as the main structural components to stabilize and reduce erosion on streambanks rather than just for aesthetics.
•Successful establishment of the plants, both herbaceous and woody, is extremely important.
If you are in wet areas, does it mean that you can ignore these recommendations?If you are in wet areas, does it mean that you can ignore these recommendations?
•Drier areas are just tougher to establish•Principles are very similar
• Still need accurate inventory• Still need proper prior planning• Still need to pay attention to details
•Wetter areas are more forgiving• Until a drought • Until a flood• Or another event that changes the
parameters used for the original planning•Of course this doesn’t happen to your project!
•Drier areas are just tougher to establish•Principles are very similar
• Still need accurate inventory• Still need proper prior planning• Still need to pay attention to details
•Wetter areas are more forgiving• Until a drought • Until a flood• Or another event that changes the
parameters used for the original planning•Of course this doesn’t happen to your project!
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INVENTORYINVENTORY• Objectives and Goals• Is Management in
Place?• Soils data• Watertable history• Stream Flow data• Reconnaissance• Are woody plants in
the Vicinity?* If not, planting
them may not be an option!
• Objectives and Goals• Is Management in
Place?• Soils data• Watertable history• Stream Flow data• Reconnaissance• Are woody plants in
the Vicinity?* If not, planting
them may not be an option!
Riparian Planting Zones(Riparian/Wetland Project Information Series 16)
Riparian Planting Zones(Riparian/Wetland Project Information Series 16)
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SPECIES SELECTIONSPECIES SELECTION
•Flexibility of Stems* Creeping or Shrub
type* High water velocities* High debris loads* High Ice loads
•Different species have different growth and flexibility characteristics
•Flexibility of Stems* Creeping or Shrub
type* High water velocities* High debris loads* High Ice loads
•Different species have different growth and flexibility characteristics
SPECIES SELECTIONSPECIES SELECTION
•Grazing problemsLow palatability speciesStrongly suckering speciesRhizomatous vs. seed producers
•Severe Ice flowsDeep rooting or Rhizomatous
•Grazing problemsLow palatability speciesStrongly suckering speciesRhizomatous vs. seed producers
•Severe Ice flowsDeep rooting or Rhizomatous
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SPECIES SELECTIONSPECIES SELECTION• Fire tolerance
• Aesthetics* Size, shape, color* Diversify by layers
• Flooding* Inundation
tolerance* Willows = months* Chokecherry =
week
• Fire tolerance
• Aesthetics* Size, shape, color* Diversify by layers
Planting Herbaceous Wetland Plants•Plant plugs versus seeding
• Seeds need water, heat, and light• Development of structures to breath in
anaerobic conditions•Buy the largest plugs you can afford•Plant in the right hydrologic zone for each species
•Spacing should be about 18 inches between plugs
• Will fill in between plugs in one growing season
• If you don’t have enough plants, plant in copses or patches and skip areas in between
•Plant plugs versus seeding• Seeds need water, heat, and light• Development of structures to breath in
anaerobic conditions•Buy the largest plugs you can afford•Plant in the right hydrologic zone for each species
•Spacing should be about 18 inches between plugs
• Will fill in between plugs in one growing season
• If you don’t have enough plants, plant in copses or patches and skip areas in between
Examples of Streambank Bioengineering Treatments
Examples of Streambank Bioengineering Treatments
• Vegetation and rocks are not mutually exclusive
• Many structures can be constructed with vegetation• Benefits of vegetation (aesthetics, water
quality, habitat, shade, etc.)• Allows vegetation around the structure to
establish• Vegetation can reduce maintenance
requirements of rock structure• A combination of rock and vegetation can
allow the best of both worlds.
• Vegetation and rocks are not mutually exclusive
• Many structures can be constructed with vegetation• Benefits of vegetation (aesthetics, water
quality, habitat, shade, etc.)• Allows vegetation around the structure to
establish• Vegetation can reduce maintenance
requirements of rock structure• A combination of rock and vegetation can
allow the best of both worlds.
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Vertical Willow
Bundles
Vertical Willow
Bundles
Alternative Planting
Method for Very Coarse
Soils
Alternative Planting
Method for Very Coarse
Soils
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Vertical willow bundles installed under rock riprap
Vertical willow bundles installed under rock riprap
Willow Clump Planting
(Don’t have to grow new roots and stems/leaves)
Willow Clump Planting
(Don’t have to grow new roots and stems/leaves)
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Brush Spurs(Carson River, NV)
2002
Brush Spurs(Carson River, NV)
2002
Monitoring and Maintenance Monitoring and Maintenance
•Ensure targeted functions are addressed
•Ensure targeted functions are developing according to plan
•Identify failures or developing problems
•Indicate a need for regular maintenance
•Indicated a need to change management practices
•Monitoring stimulates maintenance
•Ensure targeted functions are addressed
•Ensure targeted functions are developing according to plan
•Identify failures or developing problems
•Indicate a need for regular maintenance
•Indicated a need to change management practices
•Monitoring stimulates maintenance
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Monitoring and Maintenance Monitoring and Maintenance
• Problems associated with M & M* M & M not considered in the plan* M & M not budgeted for* Time not allocated for M & M in the
annual operations plan* Responsible parties not identified to
carry out M & M* Responsible parties not given time in
their work plan to complete M & M
• Problems associated with M & M* M & M not considered in the plan* M & M not budgeted for* Time not allocated for M & M in the
annual operations plan* Responsible parties not identified to
carry out M & M* Responsible parties not given time in
their work plan to complete M & M
Establishment of Riparian Plant Species Depends on:
Success of the Project is dependent on the complete integration of these
steps……………
• Understanding the watershed• Stream Assessment• Develop Objectives• Site Inventory• Planting Location• Proper Selection of Species• Plant Material Handling• Establishment Techniques• Monitoring and Maintenance
• Understanding the watershed• Stream Assessment• Develop Objectives• Site Inventory• Planting Location• Proper Selection of Species• Plant Material Handling• Establishment Techniques• Monitoring and Maintenance
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Are you ready for the next flood event!!!
Are you ready for the next flood event!!!
Questions???Questions???
J. Chris HoagWetland Plant EcologistRiparian/Wetland Project