successful integration of distributed generation in …grid4eu.blob.core.windows.net/.../07-20160329-Presentation...RWE.pdfsuccessful integration of distributed generation in rural

RWE Deutschland 23.05.2016 SEITE 1

successful integration of distributed

generation in rural areas

Sven Jundel

Manager New Technologies

RWE Deutschland AG

RWE Deutschland 23.05.2016 PAGE 2

The Project: Grids for Future Electricity Suppy

Project Consortium

Project Leader RWE Deutschland AG

Timeline July 2009 – Sept. 2011 Carried out by the consortium

Oct. 2011 – Dec. 2016 Verification phase by RWE

> Identification of efficient distribution grid concepts

> Further development of evaluation methods

> Further development of equipment

> Realisation of a large-scale field demonstration

Objective


Decentralised renewable generation exceeds demand;

3.900 km² in the southwest of Germany are analysed

526

848

1.010

551

292

13235

+271%

1.541

+53%

+124%

Sum Wind PV Biogas

MW

3.800

Water

1.200

1.000

800

600

1.400

200

0

450

3.747

400

2012

2010

2005

original grid design of

Sum

2030

Intelligent distribution grid design is necessary

20

05

20

10

20

12

medium and low voltage level

min

. Scenario

max. S

cen

ario

min. Scenario: with reference to Ministry of Environment (Lead Study 2011)

max. Scenario: with reference to grid development plan 2012 of the Federal Network Agency (Bundesnetzagentur)

Installed capacity end of year


Test grid area covers a hot spot of renewable

generation in the analysed region (3.900 km²)

Kyll

Kyll

Mo

sel

Mosel

64

1

1

1

60

60

602

Trier

Bernkastel-Wittlich

Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm

Trier-Saarburg

Municipalities in the test grid area:

17,019 Inhabitants

343 km² Covered area

Customers directly connected

to innovative equipment:

5,340 Inhabitants

178 km² Covered area

1,400 Service connections

50.0 MW Renewable generation

3.0 MW Max. load p. a.

74 Secondary Substations

16 times higer generation than

max. annual load


Different innovative solutions are realised

in the test grid area – sorted into 4 groups

Use of information- and communication technology (ICT) 1

3

2 Disposition of storage devices

Local voltage control to exploit grid transportation capacity


Tested solutions for distribution grids

Use of information- and communication technology (ICT) 1

ICT to reconstitute grid observability in medium voltage

Wide area control


Reconstitution of grid observability is accessible

through a few specific measuring points

Primary 20-kV-substation

Secondary substation

with PV-feed-in

20-kV-overhead line

20-kV-cable

Open sectioning point

Measuring point

Active

po

we

r [k

W]

Power distribution Power collection

BioCHP

Windpower

Windpower

Windpower

BioCHP


Wide area control:

Reduces grid expansion by optimised voltage control

medium

voltage

G

G

G

G

G

f(x)

G

Communication link

Voltage measurements at extreme points in secondary substations

110 kV 110 kV

Control system

Goal: Optimising the voltage control of the 110-kV-Transformer by using voltage

measurements from extreme points of the medium voltage grid

Control principle:

> Status 0 (reference value):

normal load and feed-ins

> Status 1 (reduced reference value):

low load and high feed-ins

> Status 2 (increased reference value):

high load and low feed-ins

Basic design of a wide area control system:


Function Principle of Wide Area Control

K012

K008

K006

K007 K004

K013 K015

K011 K014

K012

K008

K006 K007

K004

K013

K015

K011

K014

Step 3: +4% (9,6 : 0,4 kV)

Step 3: +4% (9,6 : 0,4 kV)

Step 1: -4% (10,4 : 0,4 kV)

Step 1: -4% (10,4 : 0,4 kV)

K012

K008

K006 K007

K004

K013

K015

K011

K014

98 %

99 %

100 %

101 %

102 %

103 %

104 %

105 %

106 %

107 %

108 %

109 %

110 %

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 Leitungslänge / km

K012

K008

K006

K007 K004

K013 K015

K011 K014


Wide area control: Design of the measuring systems


Results of wide area control:

Voltage fluctuations are reduced by 30 %

380367350

334

428419

260268253283285

258

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

Circuit

E

Circuit

D

Circuit

C

Circuit

B

Circuit

A

Average

voltage

fluctuations

38% 33% 15% 28% 27% 29%

Voltage fluctuations [V]

Ø

Voltage control with wide area control assistance

Voltage control without wide area control assistance



2 Disposition of storage devices

Biogas storage in coordination with fluctuating energy

resources works as a storage for all kinds of renewables


Biogas storage in coordination with PV-generation

works similar to a battery

Medium Voltage

3 ~

Digester

Biogas

Storage

3 ~

PV

AC

DC

Stored biogas

(0 – 1.600 m³)

Substrate (liquid)

Weather membrane

Belt

system

Air

Cushion gas

Moving

membrane

Heater

Stirring

unit M


Biogas storage in coordination with PV-generation

Biogas storage

3.2 MWhel

220-kVA-CHP

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450 0

:00

3:0

0

6:0

0

9:0

0

12

:00

15

:00

18

:00

21

:00

0:0

0

PV

-fe

ed

-in

[%

]

CH

P p

ow

er

[kW

]

CHP power PV power



3 Local voltage control to exploit grid transportation capacity

Electronic voltage regulator in medium voltage level

Voltage regulated secondary substation


Local voltage control to exploit grid capacity:

8-MVA-regulator serial in 20-kV-overhead-line

Grid

Load

S=8 MVA

P=7.2 MW

Q=3.5 Mvar

cosφ=0.9

AC / DC /AC

P=7.4 MW

Q=3.2 Mvar

P=0.7 MW

Q=0.3 Mvar

P=6.5 MW

Q=3.2 Mvar

P=0.9 MW

Q=0.0 Mvar

ΔU = 20%

SVoltage-Regulation=0.8 MVA

(approx. 10% of the power flow)


In operation: 30 days with constant output voltage

Output voltage

Input voltage

Time

Voltage


Thank you for your attention and greetings from

„Smart Country“

Windpower

PV generation

Biogas

generation

Biogas

storage

… because the energy transition

is taking place in the countryside


Backup


Inhomogeniety of energy supply-task drives grid-costs

Source: Google

Urban area

Rural area

with supply

Rural area

without supply

Load per area:

Generation per area:

Wind power

Photovoltaics

Hydro power

Biomass energy

A Rural Administrative District in Germany

1 km²


Energy Supply-Task Description of all 402

Administrative Districts in Germany

P1 P2 … P45

LK 1 1,0 1,2 … 50,1

… … … … …

LK 413 1,4 1,8 … 48,2

2035

P1 P2 … P45

LK 1 1,0 1,2 … 50,1

… … … … …

LK 413 1,4 1,8 … 48,2

2030

P1 P2 … P45

LK 1 1,0 1,2 … 50,1

… … … … …

LK 413 1,4 1,8 … 48,2

2025

P1 P2 … P45

LK 1 1,0 1,2 … 50,1

… … … … …

LK 413 1,4 1,8 … 48,2

2020

P1 P2 … P60

LK 1 1,0 1,2 … 50,1

… … … … …

LK 413 1,4 1,8 … 48,2

402

Administrative

Districts in

Germany

60 Parameters describe the Energy Supply-Tasks

5 Steps of Analysis

2015


Installations inside the Biogas Storage Reservoir

The biogas storage covers

a digestate storage


400-kVA-substation with flexible added

active voltage regulation at low voltage level

20 kV 0.4 kV

Voltage control

~ =

= ~

Transformation

PCS 100 AVC Product Design

> +/-10% Continuous Regulation

> Pilot Project: 400 kVA AVC 400 V



4 Hierachical supply layers in medium voltage level

Strong cable line with electronic sectionalizers


Strong cable line with electronic sectionalizers

Grid expansion for DER (cabel)

Circuit breaker

Sectionalizer

Open section point

Existing grid (overhead line)

successful integration of distributed generation in …grid4eu.blob.core.windows.net/.../07-20160329-Presentation...RWE.pdfsuccessful integration of distributed generation in rural

Documents