Subject Index aberration rates 47, 48, 113 accidents, actually occured in nuclear power plants 89 Idaho Falls 1961 90 Los Alamos 1945 89 Los Alamos 1946 89 Los Alamos 1958 89 Oak Ridge 1958 89 Vinca, Yugoslavia 1958 90 air traffic 9 collective dose equivalent of the world population 9 dose rate per person using super- sonic aircraft transport 9 animal studies on the protection of ma- lignant tissues by radioprotective drugs 122 annual limit of intake (ALI) 32,36-41 antimutagenic efficacy of radioprotec- tors 113 against chromosome damage 113, 114 against lethal mutations 113 decrease induction of abberations 114 areas with increased terrestrial radia- tion 3,7 BEIR 28 bone seeker 8 cancer mortality, 1976-2070 42 effects of carcinogens or ionizing radiation 42 cancer mortality and radiation dose, correlation 66 chemical radioprotection 97 - 132 effect of radiation type 119 high LET, neutrons 119, 120 low LET, X-rays or y-rays 119 gastrointestinal death 104, 119 hematopoietic radiation death 104, 105, 119 hematopoietic radiation syndrome 104,105, 119 in mammals 97-123, 126-132 in man 97,101,102,123-126,131, 132 Chernobyl accident 75, 79, 80, 82, 90-92 RBM K-1 000, characteristics 80 Chernobyl accident, medical measures 79, 80, 82, 90-92 blood transfusion 91,92 bone marrow transplantation 88, 91 firemen members of the general po- pulation 90 hospital wards under aseptic condi- tions 91 patients classified into four groups by degree of injury 90 prevention of endogeneous infec- tions, antibiotics 91 prophylaxis and treatment of infec- tions 87,91 substitution of platelets and erythro- cytes 87,91,92 workers at the plant 90 chromosomal diseases 47,48, 113 collective dose equivalents 29 combined injuries: radiation effects, burns and/or wounds 117 animal mortality studies 117 benefit of radioprotective agents 117 burn 117-119 injuries in animals by skin wounds, superficial burns, and whole-body irradiation 117-119 irradiation 117 - 119 skin wound 117-119 whole-body irradiation and surgi- cal operations 119 committed dose equivalents 36, 50 core melting 75, 78, 79 cosmic radiation 2, 9 absorbed dose rate 9 dependency on geographic latitude and sun activity 9 dose equivalent rate 9 energy spectrum 2 exposure during flights at high altitu- des 9 exposure during space travel 9, 10 increase with height above sea level 9 neutron flux density 2 primary 2,9 secondary 2 solar flares 2, 9 solar galactic radiation 9 total dose equivalent 2 van Allen radiation belts 9 critical organ 34 cystamine tablets in the ABC selfpro- tection kit 124 diagnosis of radiation injuries 27, 86, 87 direct and indirect radiation effects, in- fluences of radioprotectors 121, 127 dose equivalents 30, 33, 36, 50 dose equivalent commitment 35,36 dose equivalent limit (L) 30-33,35, 36 external exposure 32 deep dose equivalent index 32 internal exposure 32 total stochastic risk for nonuniform whole body exposure, weighting factors 32, 36 uniform whole body exposure 32 dose fractionation 45 dose limitations 28, 29 dose limits proposed by ICRP 26,29, 43, 73 dose modification factor 98, 107 dose protraction 45 dose reduction factors (DRFJ 98,99, 103, 106, 120 comparison of radioprotective agents 98 definition 98 dose-effect relationship, criterion death or survival 98, 108, 109 gastrointestinal injury 119 neutrons 119, 120 relative efficacy of radioprotective chemicals 98 survival curves, rates 98, 102, 103 dose-response relationships 26, 29, 43-45 consequences to risk estimations 43, 45 hormesis at low doses 44 linear dose relationship 43, 45 linear quadratic relationship 44, 47, 79 linear relationships without thresh- old 43,45 quadratic relationship 44 relationship with exponent smaller than 1 45 threshold for stochastic effects 44 DRF 98,99, 103, 104 effective dose equivalent 31-33,35, 36 effects from low dose exposures 43 embryotoxicity of radioprotective agents 114
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Subject Index
aberration rates 47, 48, 113 accidents, actually occured in nuclear
power plants 89 Idaho Falls 1961 90 Los Alamos 1945 89 Los Alamos 1946 89 Los Alamos 1958 89 Oak Ridge 1958 89 Vinca, Yugoslavia 1958 90
air traffic 9 collective dose equivalent of the
world population 9 dose rate per person using super
sonic aircraft transport 9 animal studies on the protection of ma
lignant tissues by radioprotective drugs 122
annual limit of intake (ALI) 32,36-41 antimutagenic efficacy of radioprotec
tors 113 against chromosome damage 113,
114 against lethal mutations 113 decrease induction of abberations
114 areas with increased terrestrial radia
tion 3,7
BEIR 28 bone seeker 8
cancer mortality, 1976-2070 42 effects of carcinogens or ionizing
radiation 42 cancer mortality and radiation dose,
correlation 66 chemical radioprotection 97 - 132
effect of radiation type 119 high LET, neutrons 119, 120 low LET, X-rays or y-rays 119
gastrointestinal death 104, 119 hematopoietic radiation death 104,
105, 119 hematopoietic radiation syndrome
104,105, 119 in mammals 97-123, 126-132 in man 97,101,102,123-126,131,
exposures of fingers 52 external doses, results for incorpora
tion 50 body counters 50 urine samples 50, 51
inhalation and incorporation of a-emitters 49 persons handling radon therapeu
tically 49 radium dial painters 49, 67 studies on workers in uranium
plants 49 workers in the Hanford plutomi
um plants 49, 67 results of exposure control 50, 52
industrial radiography 52 industry 52 medical research 52 nuclear medical practice 52 nuclear plants 51, 52 radioimmunoassay techniques 52 radiopharmaceutical laboratories
52
statistical studies comparing exposed and nonexposed workers 48, 62 carcinogenic effects 48, 61, 62 determining the rates of chromo-
some aberration 49 frequency of dermatitis and skin
of risks 41-48,61-73 comparison with other industries
31,41,42,61 loss of working hours 42 manifestation of malignancy 41,
42,61 ICRP concept, index of harm 41,42
admissibility for low dose range 42
occupational risks of exposures 26, 28 ALARA 28-30,41 figures for limits 28 (CRP system of dose limitation 29 principles and practices 28 risks of harm within limits 28
14-17 concentration 15 concentrations of radon and decay
products in- and outdoors 16 equilibrium factor in room air 17, 18 exhalation rate 15 in natural gas used in households 20 lung cancer risk for population 17,
18 mean resulting lung dose 17,18 potential a-energy 15
concentration of mixture of decay products 14, 15
power plant using geothermic energy release 20
radiation exposure by inhalation 12-18,20,63
room air exchange rate (ventilation rate) 16, 17
with the short-lived radon daughters 15-17,63,64
working level 14 radon daughter exposure and resultant
lung cancer 64 cigarette smoking 65 latent period 64
RBE factors 45,47, 119 exposures to y-rays 47 exposures to neutrons 47
149
reactor accident, contamination and decontamination of body surface 83 contamination of skin and clothing
83 decontamination process 83, 87 levels for decontamination of skin 84 measurements looking for contami-
nation 83 reactor accident, evacuation of the po
pulation 81 reactor accident, prophylaxis of the thy
roid gland 82, 83 reactor accidents, medical aspects
75-94 risk studies 77 - 80
reactor safety studies 77,83 German Reactor Safety Study 78 WASH 1400, Rasmussen 77
reference man 34, 36 source organs 36 target organs 36 weight of organs 36
relative biologic effectiveness (RBE) 45,47,119
release of radioactivity 75, 76, 79 repair mechanisms 47,49, 114
Innovations in Diagnostic Radiology With contributions by numerous experts
Foreword by M. W. Donner, W. R. Brody, F. Heuck
1989. XIII, 212 pp. 144 figs., some in colour. Hardcover ISBN 3-540-19093-7
The current status and future applications of various diagnostic imaging procedures are discussed in this volume. The main focus is on research and development, in particular the potential they hold for further development and clinical application in various specialties. Those concerned with the academic growth of radiology as a discipline, such as basic scientists, young clinicians in training, and chairmen responsible for department planning, will be especially interested in the trends presented here. The subject matter includes magnetic resonance imaging, interventional radiology, ultrasound, image analysis and management, positron emission tomography, and research training programs. The volume emphasizes the multidisciplinary direction of medical imaging; both basic scientists and clinicians in a wide variety of medical research areas should be aware of this tendency and the opportunities which will be available in the future.
R. R. Dobelbower, Jr., Medical College of Ohio, Toledo (Ed.)
Gastrointestinal Cancer Radiation Therapy
Foreword by L. W. Brady and H.-P. Heilmann
1989. XIV, 298 pp. 81 figs. 77 tabs. Hardcover ISBN 3-540-50505-9
The intricate role of radiation therapy in the management ofGI cancer is comprehensively reviewed in this timely volume. It offers unique coverage of the entire gastrointestinal tract, from the esophagus to the anus. Although the work focuses clearly on the radiotherapeutic management of tumors of the GI tract, reviews of anatomy, epidemiology, and other pertinent topics are given. The volume is generally organized by disease site, but extensive special sections amplify important aspects related to GI cancer. These include the radiographic evaluation ofGI malignancy and tumor markers, an up-to-date review of chemotherapeutic treatment of gut cancers, and patient follow-up. Edited by an internationally known leader in the field of radiotherapy, this volume represents a compilation of years of research and experience utilizing today's technology and state-of-the-art techniques.
Medical Radio ogy Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation Oncology
Edited by: L. W.Brady, Philadelphia; M. W. Donner, Baltimore; H.-P. Heilmann, Hamburg; F. Huck. Stuttgart
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York London Paris Tokyo Hong Kong
G.E.Laramore, University of Washington (Ed.)
Radiation Therapy of Head and Neck Cancer Foreword by L. w. Brady and H.-P. Heilmann
1989. XII, 237 pp. 123 figs. Hardcover ISBN 3-540-19360-X
This volume considers the treatment of head and neck cancer from the point of view of the radiation oncologist. The epidemiology of head and neck cancer, evaluation of the patient, and basic treatment issues are discussed and the separate chapters are devoted to specific head and neck sites. The book provides a valuable summary of treatment approaches and results representing the best standard of care in the United States, Canada, and Europe. It offers a consensus approach and does not set forth the particular attitudes of any single institution. A comprehensive survey of the relevant literature is presented at the end of each chapter. Material is treated in such a way as to be relevant both to the practicing clinician and the resident in training.
H.R. Withers, University of California at Los Angeles; L. J. Peters, University of Texas (Eds.)
Innovations in Radiation Oncology With contributions by numerous experts
Foreword by L. W. Brady and H.-P. Heilmann
1987. XVII, 329 pp. III figs. Hardcover ISBN 3-540-17818-X
Contents: General Aspects. - Conservation Therapy. - Extended Field Therapy. - Restricted Field Therapy. - New Imaging Technologies and Radiotherapy. - Modified Fractionation. - Drugs and Radiation. -Neutrons. - Adjunctive Therapies. - Subject Index.
C. W. Scarantino, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (Ed.)
Lung Cancer Diagnostic Procedures and Therapeutic Management with Special Reference to Radiotherapy
With contributions by numerous experts
1985. XI, 173 pp. 42 figs. Hardcover ISBN 3-540-13176-0
This up-to-date reference book covers a broad range of topics regarding lung cancer. There is an extensive review of recent epidemiological and early detection studies, as well as of current histological observations of the tumor heterogeneity of lung cancer. It presents an up-to-date examination of the latest clinical developments in diagnosis and treatment as well as results of clinical trials employing irradiation chemotherapy and surgery.