Study Guide for First Quiz

Study Guide for First Quiz

Science Word Parts on Quiz Tomorrow

Prefix MEANINGanti- againstatmo- vaporchromo-

color

con- togetherdi- doubleendo- withinexo- outsidehetero- differenthomo- samehydro- water

Prefix MEANINGanti- againstatmo- vaporchromo-

color

con- togetherdi- doubleendo- withinexo- outsidehetero- differenthomo- samehydro- water

Suffix MEANING-ation the act of-escent becoming

-graphy description of

-ogy study of-meter device for measuring

-scope instrument for seeing

-sphere round

-stasis stationary condition

-therm heat--verge turn

absorbDefinition

• To collect, or take inFacts/Examples/NonExample• Dark colors absorb heat• Light is absorbed or

reflected• Leaves absorb sunlight in

order to make food (photosynthesize)

• Sound waves are absorbed or reflected (echo)

• Cells absorb nutrients from their environment

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acquired traitsDefinition

• Characteristic that an organisms develops because of its environment

Facts/Examples/NonExample• traits NOT from parent, but

from environment• Help organism survive

better• Trait develops because of

environmental conditions• Ex: culture, language, larger

muscles, acquired skill such as riding a bike

• Nonex: hair color, freckles, gender ----- inherited traits

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adaptations Definition

• Traits that help plants and animals survive better

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Body parts of behaviors that

help an organisms to survive • more adaptations better

chances for survival (Darwin)• EX: Galapagos Islands finches

with beaks adapted to what they feed on/ camouflage/ speed/ special coloration

• NONEX: traits that make survival less likely

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atmosphereDefinition

• blanket of gases that surround the Earth

Facts/Examples/NonExample• 78% nitrogen• 21% oxygen• Mixture of nitrogen, oxygen

and other gases in much smaller amounts

• Reduces in pressure as you go up in elevation

• Several layers that have different properties

• NONEX: hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere

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atomsDefinition

• Smallest form of matterFacts/Examples/NonExample• Atoms bond together to form

molecules• Solids, liquids, gases, and plasma –

made of atoms• Atoms contain particles:

– Protons (+)– neutrons(no charge)– electrons(-)

• Invisible and mostly empty spaceEX: Hydrogen atoms and all elements of

the Periodic TableNONEX: Molecules are MADE OF atoms

bonded together

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Carbon Atom – Atomic # 6

balance of natureDefinition

• Balance and variety of species in a community

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Helps prevent overpopulation• Birth rate and death rate are

similar• Waste of one species is food

source for another species• EX: bacteria are decomposers/

roaches are scavengers• NONEX: Lake Erie dead zones

from too much algae growth kills fish in sudden die off event

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balance scaleDefinition

• Instrument used to measure mass (amount of matter)of an object

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Measuring tool• Works like a lever • Compares unknown mass to known

mass• Measures in metric: grams (g) or kilograms (kg)• Heavy mass goes down/ light mass

goes up• EX: triple beam balance• NONEX: human weight scale –

measures mass and pull of gravity on you which depends on whether you are on Earth, moon, or another planet

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benefitDefinition

• Something that provides and advantage to an organism

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Anything that helps a

species survive• Benefits come with risksEX: pesticides can benefit

humans by reducing mosquito populations BUT organisms that feed off mosquitoes (bats, birds, fish, frogs) will be harmed

NONEX: no long term benefit to using up all the resources

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cellsDefinition

• Basic unit of all living thingsFacts/Examples/NonExample• Animal cells usually round• Plant cells usually more squared

off• Human body made up of trillions

of cells• All cells come from other living

cells• EX: prokaryote (no nucleus) and

eukaryote (has nucleus) cells• NONEX: atoms and molecules are

matter that help to make up cells but cells are alive and matter is not

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cell wallDefinition

• Outer boundary of a plant, fungi, and bacteria cells

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Hard rigid boundary that

provides support and protection

• Explains why plants do not move about well

• Can bend, but will not move• EX: made of cellulose and

makes wood hard and durable

• NONEX: animal cells do NOT have cell walls

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