~ 582 ~ Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2019; SP1: 582-587 E-ISSN: 2278-4136 P-ISSN: 2349-8234 JPP 2019; SP1: 582-587 Palwinder Singh Brar Assistant Professor, Department Agriculture, Baba Farid Group of Institutions, Punjab, India Nikseerat Kaur Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture, Baba Farid Group of Institutions, Punjab, India Rajan Aggarwal Senior Research Engineer, Department of Soil and Water Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Punjab, India Samanpreet Kaur Assistant Professor, Department of Soil and Water Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Punjab, India Correspondence Palwinder Singh Brar Assistant Professor, Department Agriculture, Baba Farid Group of Institutions, Punjab, India (Special Issue- 1) 2 nd International Conference “Food Security, Nutrition and Sustainable Agriculture - Emerging Technologies” (February 14-16, 2019) Studies on artificial groundwater recharge through abandoned well Palwinder Singh Brar, Nikseerat Kaur, Rajan Aggarwal and Samanpreet Kaur Abstract The Punjab State is facing continues problem of declining groundwater table for last 2-3 decades and as a consequence, most of the wells which were used for withdrawal of water earlier have dried up and become abandoned. With water harvesting gaining momentum in the state, the abandoned wells can be put to best use and boost the water table. During rainy season and winter season irrigation water requirement through canal water reduced sharply. So farmer can use surplus canal water for recharging groundwater. In the present study recharge rate and its impact under different conditions were studied for recharging abandoned well. The recharge rate through abandoned well varies from 0.2l/s to 7.67 l/s for different heads. The recharging of surplus canal water will improve overall quality of groundwater. Recharging abandoned well with gravel pack will improved overall capacity and life of abandoned well. There was negligible effect on rise in water table as limited volume of water for limited time was recharged. Keywords: Abandoned well, surplus canal water, groundwater recharge Introduction Geographical area of Punjab is only 1.57 percent of total area of India, but it contributes more than 25 per cent grains in the central pool. Cultivation is done in more than 83 per cent land of Punjab, whereas in India only 40.34 percent area is under cultivation (Gupta 2009) [6] . Irrigation water demand in Punjab has increased due to shift in cropping pattern of low water requiring crops to rice-wheat system post green revolution. The average annual rainfall is 650 mm and is ill distributed in time and space (Jain and Kumar 2007) [7] . As a result, the number of tube wells has increased from 1.92 lakh to 14.06 lakh for the period 1970 to 2015 (Anon 1975, 2015) [1, 2] . The present condition of groundwater development in Punjab is very serious as more than 80 per cent of monitored wells are overexploited (CGWB, 2012) [5] . The annual groundwater extraction in Punjab (31.16 billion m 3 ) falls short of the groundwater availability (21.44 billion m 3 ). The situation in the state is so alarming that 110 blocks out of 138 blocks are categorised as overexploited, that is groundwater extraction in these blocks exceeds the natural replenishment of groundwater and 4 blocks are critical, 2 blocks are semi-critical and only 22 blocks are in safe category (CGWB 2011) [4] . This has led to water table decline in most parts of state. The long term data (1998-2015) of the monitoring wells indicate an annual decline rate 47.5 (Aggarwal R et al. 2016) even after the implementation of sub-soil preservation act in paddy (Singh K 2009) [9] . Also, the area with water table depth > 10 m, has increased from 20 to 58 percent during 1998 to 2006 respectively (Kaur et al. 2011) [8] , which indicates continuous overexploitation of groundwater resource of the state. As a consequence, many of the wells have deepened and gone dry and the farmers are forced to shift from centrifugal to submersible pumps. Therefore, considering the insidious and seriousness of the problem, it warrants to develop techniques to arrest this declining trend. Wherever, good quality surplus water is available and geo-hydrological conditions are favourable artificial groundwater recharge should be promoted.
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~ 582 ~
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2019; SP1: 582-587
E-ISSN: 2278-4136
P-ISSN: 2349-8234
JPP 2019; SP1: 582-587
Palwinder Singh Brar
Assistant Professor, Department
Agriculture, Baba Farid Group
of Institutions, Punjab, India
Nikseerat Kaur
Assistant Professor, Department
of Agriculture, Baba Farid
Group of Institutions, Punjab,
India
Rajan Aggarwal
Senior Research Engineer,
Department of Soil and
Water Engineering, Punjab
Agricultural University, Punjab,
India
Samanpreet Kaur
Assistant Professor, Department
of Soil and Water Engineering,
Punjab Agricultural University,
Punjab, India
Correspondence
Palwinder Singh Brar
Assistant Professor, Department
Agriculture, Baba Farid Group
of Institutions, Punjab, India
(Special Issue- 1)
2nd International Conference
“Food Security, Nutrition and Sustainable Agriculture -
Emerging Technologies” (February 14-16, 2019)
Studies on artificial groundwater recharge through
abandoned well
Palwinder Singh Brar, Nikseerat Kaur, Rajan Aggarwal and
Samanpreet Kaur Abstract The Punjab State is facing continues problem of declining groundwater table for last 2-3 decades and as a
consequence, most of the wells which were used for withdrawal of water earlier have dried up and
become abandoned. With water harvesting gaining momentum in the state, the abandoned wells can be
put to best use and boost the water table. During rainy season and winter season irrigation water
requirement through canal water reduced sharply. So farmer can use surplus canal water for recharging
groundwater. In the present study recharge rate and its impact under different conditions were studied for
recharging abandoned well. The recharge rate through abandoned well varies from 0.2l/s to 7.67 l/s for
different heads. The recharging of surplus canal water will improve overall quality of groundwater.
Recharging abandoned well with gravel pack will improved overall capacity and life of abandoned well.
There was negligible effect on rise in water table as limited volume of water for limited time was