Studies of ADS by means of JINR Nuclotron Martin Suchopár Nuclear Physics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Department of Nuclear Reactors,

Studies of ADS by means of JINR Nuclotron

Martin Suchopár

Nuclear Physics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic

Department of Nuclear Reactors, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague

14th session of the AER Working Group F - "Spent Fuel Transmutations" &5th meeting of INPRO Project RMI - "Meeting energy needs in the period of raw materials insufficiency during the 21st century"Liblice, Czech Republic, April 10 – 12, 2012

2

Energy + Transmutation & Kvinta setup description

Method and models used in MCNPX simulations

Computation results

Beam monitoring and cross-section measurement

Conclusion

Outline

Setup

Method

Results

Beam monitors

Conclusion

3

Setup

• E+T setup

• Kvinta setup Method

Results

Beam monitors

Conclusion

Energy + Transmutation Setup

m natU = 206 kg

Kvinta 2010 and 2011 Setup

4

Setup

• E+T setup


Results

Beam monitors

Conclusion

d

Kvinta 2010 setup Kvinta 2011 setup

• 3 sections

• 4 detector plates

• Pb shielding

• 5 sections

• 6 detector plates

• no Pb shielding

m natU = 315 kg m natU = 512 kg

5

Setup

• E+T setup


Results

Beam monitors

Conclusion

Kvinta-M 2011 Setup

6

Setup

• E+T setup


Results

Beam monitors

Conclusion

Kvinta-M 2011 Setup

120

r 40

114

Target sections (U-238)

p, d

Y

Z

262

393

0

131

17 17 17 17

524

655

700

Beam window, Ø 80

March 2011 irradiation

7

Setup

• E+T setup


Results

Beam monitors

Conclusion

Kvinta-M 2011 Setup

900

beam entrance window

150×150 mm

lead shielding 100 mm

d 0

Y

Z

114

120

r 40

262

393

131

17 17 17 17

524

655

700

section U-238

mounting pits for detector plates

December 2011 irradiation

8

Setup

• E+T setup


Results

Beam monitors

Conclusion

Kvinta-M 2011 Setup

9

Setup

• E+T setup

• Kvinta setup

• Irradiations Method

Results

Beam monitors

Conclusion

Energy + Transmutation and Kvinta Irradiations

Energy + Transmutation set-up

Beam energy [GeV]

Beam particles

YearIrradiation time [h:m]

Integral beam flux

[x1013]

0.7

protons

2004 8:51 1.47

1.0 2003 6:03 3.40

1.5 2001 12:03 1.14

2.0 2003 7:43 1.25

1.6

deuterons

2006 8:00 2.45

2.52 2005 6:46 0.65

4.0 2009 17:48 1.99

Kvinta set-up

2.0

deuterons

March 2011

18:50 1.69

4.0 17:58 1.41

6.0 17:13 1.93

1.0 Decem

2011

14:26 1.53

4.0 12:24 1.93

10

Target «Quinta-М»

QUINTA-M setup layout at the irradiation position

Plate (700х400х16)

Platform

p, d

SSNTD and AD positions on the QUINTA-M target surface

Rails

Beam window

Pad with Pb foil monitor and SSNTD

Detector plates

Setup

• E+T setup

• Kvinta setup


Results

Beam monitors

Conclusion

11

QUINTA setup and equipment layout during an experiment at F-3 focus (December 2011)

3320

Beam extraction

Ionization chamber

Activation foil

Profilometer

QUINTA

Polyethylene shielding

Sc telescope

2 detectors Demon (NE213)

ISOMER

20°

90°160°

Platform(turned by 2° relatively to the beam axis)

detector Не3

2 detectors Demon (NE213) 2 detectors Demon

(NE213)

1) Activation detectors2) Solid State Track detectors3) NE213, Stilben neutron detectors4) He-3 neutron detectors

Setup

• E+T setup

• Kvinta setup


Results

Beam monitors

Conclusion

12

Main Objectives of the Kvinta Setup

1) To have another set-up for benchmark studies of neutron production and transport simulation codes (e.g. MCNPX code)

2) To have systematic of deuteron beams with energies above 1 GeV

3) To obtain strong source of neutrons for transmutation tests

4) Measurement of neutrons and delayed neutrons during low intensity beam irradiation by scintillation detectors

5) Measurement of neutron field during high intensity beam irradiation by threshold activation and solid state track detectors

6) Measurement of fission yields in thorium and natural uranium samples in fast neutron spectra

Setup

• E+T setup

• Kvinta setup


Results

Beam monitors

Conclusion

13

Setup Method • Setup model

• MCNPX simulation

Results

Beam monitors

Conclusion

Comparison of E+T and Kvinta SetupE + T setup model Kvinta 2011 setup model

30 U rods 54 U rods 61 U rods

14



Results

Beam monitors

Conclusion

Kvinta Setup with Lead ShieldingKvinta 2012 setup model

54 U rods 61 U rods

side view top view

front view

MCNPX simulations

15

• Used version MCNPX 2.7a

• Used Los Alamos la150n and la150h libraries

• All available physics models tested

• Most preferred combination of models – Bertini-Dresner (default) and INCL-ABLA (time-consuming computation but provides the most reliable results)



Results

Beam monitors

Conclusion

Kvinta neutron spectra

16

Setup Method

Results• neutron spectra

• neutron distribution

•MCNPX models

• Multiplicity in various models

Beam monitors

Conclusion

Kvinta setup with Pb shielding simulated neutron spectra in Al foil

Kvinta neutron distribution

17

Setup Method



•MCNPX models


Beam monitors

Conclusion

Kvinta setup with Pb shielding 24Na yield in Al foils distribution in 4 GeV deuteron experiment

sample sim yield rel error exp yield rel error exp/simAl-1 3,20E-05 0,006 5,08E-05 0,014 1,590Al-2 4,85E-05 0,004 7,80E-05 0,016 1,606Al-3 2,40E-05 0,007 2,99E-05 0,012 1,248Al-4 9,79E-06 0,012 1,14E-05 0,012 1,160Al-5 4,60E-06 0,020 5,00E-06 0,010 1,086Al-6 2,43E-05 0,006 3,75E-05 0,013 1,538Al-7 1,18E-05 0,009 1,42E-05 0,012 1,206Al-8 6,07E-06 0,013 5,80E-06 0,010 0,956Al-9 1,33E-05 0,009 1,44E-05 0,010 1,078

Al-10 5,36E-06 0,017 6,07E-06 0,013 1,133Al-11 1,40E-05 0,009 1,72E-05 0,011 1,228Al-12 6,65E-06 0,014 7,24E-06 0,012 1,089Al-13 7,51E-06 0,012 8,51E-06 0,012 1,134Al-14 3,98E-06 0,019 4,21E-06 0,015 1,057

simulated and experimental yield per source deuteron per gram of activation material


18

Setup Method



•MCNPX models


Beam monitors

Conclusion

Kvinta setup with Pb shielding longitudinal neutron distribution

normalization to the Al foil located on the target axis on the second detector plate


19

Setup Method



•MCNPX models


Beam monitors

Conclusion

Kvinta setup with Pb shielding radial neutron distribution

normalization to the Al foil located on the target axis on the second detector plate

Simulated multiplicity – various models

20

Setup Method



•MCNPX models


Beam monitors

Conclusion

Kvinta 5 sections setup neutron multiplicity


21

Setup Method



•MCNPX models


Beam monitors

Conclusion

Kvinta 5 sections setup with Pb shielding neutron multiplicity


22

Setup Method



•MCNPX models


Beam monitors

Conclusion

Kvinta 5 sections setup neutron multiplicity per GeV


23

Setup Method



•MCNPX models


Beam monitors

Conclusion

Kvinta 5 sections setup with Pb shielding neutron multiplicity per GeV


24

Setup Method



•MCNPX models


Beam monitors

Conclusion

Comparison of Kvinta 5 sections setup with and without Pb shielding neutron multiplicity


25

Setup Method



•MCNPX models


Beam monitors

Conclusion

Comparison of Kvinta 5 sections setup with and without Pb shielding neutron multiplicity per GeV

Neutron multiplicity from various models

26

Kvinta 5 sections 4 sections3 sections +

Pb

Model 2 GeV 4 GeV 2 GeV 4 GeV 2 GeV 4 GeV

Bertini-ABLA 115.7 209.6 112.5 204.1 116.2 208.0

Bertini-Dresner 108.9 197.3 106.1 192.4 109.7 196.4

CEM03 118.3 213.1 115.2 207.7 114.7 204.7

INCL-ABLA 112.6 203.3 108.4 197.2 113.8 205.2

INCL-Dresner 112.6 203.3 108.4 197.2 113.8 205.2

ISABEL-ABLA 113.6 201.9 110.3 196.2 114.5 201.3

ISABEL-Dresner 105.8 189.3 102.7 183.9 106.7 189.3

Setup Method



•MCNPX models


Beam monitors

Conclusion

Neutron multiplicity from various models

27

Kvinta 5 sections 5 sections + Pb

Model 1 GeV 2 GeV 4 GeV 1 GeV 2 GeV 4 GeV

Bertini-ABLA 56.4 115.7 209.6 60.7 125.5 229.6

Bertini-Dresner 53.4 108.9 197.3 57.4 118.2 216.5

CEM03 58.5 118.3 213.1 60.4 123.6 224.9

INCL-ABLA 54.0 112.6 203.3 57.8 122.5 225.2

INCL-Dresner 51.0 104.3 187.4 54.6 113.5 207.6

ISABEL-ABLA 56.8 113.6 201.9 61.0 123.7 222.9

ISABEL-Dresner 52.8 105.8 189.3 57.0 115.5 209.0

Setup Method



•MCNPX models


Beam monitors

Conclusion

Beam Monitoring and xs Measurements

28

deuteron beam with energies of 1, 2, 4 and 6 GeV

common measurement of beam intensity using ionization chambers

aluminium and copper foils for beam monitoring

aluminium foil – integral number of deuterons determination, placed several meters away from the set-up

copper foil – deuteron cross-section measurement, placed together with the aluminium foil

copper foil cut into pieces – beam position and profile determination, placed directly on the beginning of the target

gold foil with aluminium standard – deuteron cross-section measurement, used in the most recent experiments (1 and 4 GeV)

copper foil – beam alignment with the target axis, placed on the back of the target (2, 4, 6 GeV experiments without Pb shielding)

Setup

Method

Results

Beam monitors

Conclusion

Beam Monitors

29

Setup

Method

Results

Beam monitors

ConclusionCorrection for Coincidences

Peak area

Dead time correction

Self-absorption correction

Decay during cooling and measurement

Decay during irradiation

Detector efficiency

Beam instability correction

)()(

)(

11)(

)( 0

irrreal tirr

t

t

live

real

areagP

aabspyield

e

t

e

e

t

t

CoiCCEI

BECSN

line –intensity per decay Correction for

geometry change

Square-emitter correction

λ – decay constant,tirr – irradiation time,treal – real measurement time,tlive – live time of the detector,t0 – cooling time.

Beam integral determination by Al foil

Beam Monitors

30

Setup

Method

Results

Beam monitors

Conclusion

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

1 10 100 1000 10000

Cro

ss-s

ecti

on [b

arn]

Deuteron energy [MeV]

27Al(d,3p2n)24Na

2.33 GeV - 15.25 mbarn

2 GeV - 15.43 mbarn

6 GeV - 14.1 mbarn

4 GeV - 14.49 mbarn

A

yieldd Nm

ASNN

Nyield – total amount of produced 24Na nuclei, A – molar weight, σ - cross-section, m – weight of the foil, S – area of the foil, NA – Avogadro’s number.

Beam Monitors

31

Setup

Method

Results

Beam monitors

Conclusion

0.090.08

0.010.00

0.87

0.86

0.04

0.00

0.800.98

0.05

0.010.07

0.10

0.010.02

left

right

centre

centre

top

down

0.180.49

0.45

0.20

0.35

0.910.97

0.330.33

0.850.94

0.380.150.370.53

0.21

left

rightcentre

centre

top

down

Cu foil cut into 16 pieces 2x2 cm4 most active foils cut again into 16 pieces 1x1 cmexample of beam position and

shape determination (6 GeV exp)beam centre beam FWHM

xc 1.42 ± 0.05 cm xf 1.56 ± 0.05 cm

yc -0.18 ± 0.05 cm

yf 2.24 ± 0.05 cmresults from SSNTD (A.

Potapenko)

beam centre beam FWHM

xc 1.94 ± 0.10 cm

xf 2.39 ± 0.20 cm

yc 0.03 ± 0.10 cm

yf 2.83 ± 0.20 cmresults from activation foils (Řež group)

Conclusion

32

made detailed model of the new Kvinta setup consisting of uranium target and blanket

calculated neutron multiplicity of several modifications of the new Kvinta setup

simulated neutron spectra in diverse positions in the new Kvinta setup and obtained experiment/simulation yield ratios

studied dependency on various physics models included in MCNPX

performed beam integral, position, shape and alignment monitoring using aluminium and copper foils

performed deuteron cross-section measurements on copper and gold foils, data in evaluation process

Setup

Method

Results

Beam monitors

Conclusion

33

Thank you for your attention

Studies of ADS by means of JINR Nuclotron Martin Suchopár Nuclear Physics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Department of Nuclear Reactors,

Documents

setup slide

quinta setup

setup layout

kvinta setup

beam axis detector

irradiation slide

beam entrance window

integral beam flux x10