10/9/14 1 6 Bones and Skeletal Tissues: Part A Skeletal Car;lages • Contain no _________________ or _______________ • Dense connec;ve ;ssue girdle of perichondrium contains blood vessels for ___________________ delivery to car;lage Skeletal Car;lages 1. _____________ car;lages – Provide support, flexibility, and resilience – Most abundant type 2. _____________ car;lages – Similar to hyaline car;lages, but contain elas;c fibers 3. Fibrocar;lages – Collagen fibers—have great tensile strength Figure 6.1 Axial skeleton Appendicular skeleton Hyaline cartilages Elastic cartilages Fibrocartilages Cartilages Bones of skeleton Epiglottis Larynx Trachea Cricoid cartilage Lung Respiratory tube cartilages in neck and thorax Thyroid cartilage Cartilage in external ear Cartilages in nose Articular Cartilage of a joint Costal cartilage Cartilage in Intervertebral disc Pubic symphysis Articular cartilage of a joint Meniscus (padlike cartilage in knee joint)
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10/9/14
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6 Bones and Skeletal Tissues: Part A
Skeletal Car;lages
• Contain no _________________ or _______________
• Dense connec;ve ;ssue girdle of perichondrium contains blood vessels for ___________________ delivery to car;lage
Skeletal Car;lages
1. _____________ car;lages – Provide support, flexibility, and resilience – Most abundant type
2. _____________ car;lages – Similar to hyaline car;lages, but contain elas;c fibers
3. Fibrocar;lages – Collagen fibers—have great tensile strength
• ______________ – For brain, spinal cord, and vital organs
• ______________ – Levers for muscle ac;on
Func;ons of Bones
• ______________ – Minerals (calcium and phosphorus) and growth factors
• ______________ forma;on (hematopoiesis) in marrow cavi;es
• Triglyceride (______________) storage in bone cavi;es
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Bone ______________
• Bulges, depressions, and holes serve as – Sites of a[achment for muscles, ligaments, and tendons – Joint surfaces – Conduits for blood vessels and nerves
Bone Markings: Projec;ons
• Sites of muscle and ligament ______________ – Tuberosity—rounded projec;on – Crest—narrow, prominent ridge – Trochanter—large, blunt, irregular surface – Line—narrow ridge of bone – Tubercle—small rounded projec;on – Epicondyle—raised area above a condyle – Spine—sharp, slender projec;on – Process—any bony prominence
Table 6.1
Bone Markings: Projec;ons
• Projec;ons that help to form joints – ______________
• Bony expansion carried on a narrow neck – ______________
• ______________—organic bone matrix secreted by osteoblasts – Ground substance (proteoglycans, glycoproteins) – ______________ fibers
• Provide tensile strength and flexibility
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Chemical Composi;on of Bone: Inorganic
• ______________ (mineral salts) – 65% of bone by mass – Mainly calcium phosphate crystals – Responsible for ______________ and resistance to compression