Student Association Climate Action Plan
Student Association
Climate Action Plan
Student Association Climate Action Plan
April, 2011
Primary Author:
Paul Stephan
Climate Neutrality Director
Student Association Environmental Affairs Department
University at Buffalo Student Association
350 Student Union
Buffalo, NY 14261
http://www.sa.buffalo.edu/
Acknowledgements
A long list of people helped bring this plan into being. A tremendous thanks is owed to the following,
who enthusiastically contributed their time and creativity to this project.
Aurora Abousaid
Brandon Adler
Mike Alcazaren
Liz Alnutt
Molly Baker
Will Becker
Kristina Blank
Emily Brooks
Peter Byrley
Mike Conese
Olivia Cox
Joanna Datz
Kelsey DiGiovancarlo
Yanco Escano
Casey Fitzpatrick
Gretchen Garcia
Emily Gibson
Al Gilewicz
Jennifer Harb
Amanda Horn
Zeeshan Hussain
Amanda Johnson
Carrie Johnson
Harrison Kim
Rachel Koenig
Matt Kopalek
Ryan Linden
Chris Llop
Henry Lu
Meg McMonagle
Katie Miller
Erin Moscati
Chris Noll
Dan Ovadia
Marcus Palmisano
Dan Pastuf
Dorothy Perrelli
Kathryn Przybyla
Steven Powell
Tony Roman
Marc Rosenblitt
Katherine Ruiz-Menes
Paul Rukundo
Liz Sherman
Jim Simon
Brent Scott
Clinton Smith
Mark “RP” Sorel
Shervin Stoney
Rugare Tambo
Janice Tong
Lindsy Varghese
Nischal Vasant
Ashley Welsch
Zach Zweifler
Graphics Credits
Cover Sunrise Over North Campus Courtesy of Paul Stephan
page 1 SA Climate Action Report Cover Courtesy of Loren Fields
page 5 BJ Novak at the SA Comedy Series, 2011 Courtesy of Justin Lee
page 8 Clear Stream Recycling Bin Courtesy of the City of Denton, Texas. http://www.cityofdenton.com/index.aspx?page=917
page 9 Campus Dining and Shop’s Composting Facility Courtesy of the UB Community Blog http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_iEN8-eNqntc/S5lCvsOw5tI/AAAAAAAAANY/X4oIcQwiuE8/s1600-h/Composting.jpg
page 16 Mailboxes in 350 SU Courtesy of Paul Stephan
page 21 Latin American Student Association Annual Banquet Courtesy of Benny Higo
page 25 TV Screens for Advertizing in the Student Union Courtesy of Paul Stephan
page 29 Bike Racks on North Campus Courtesy of Paul Stephan
page 35 “Earthrise” Courtesy of William Anders http://grin.hq.nasa.gov/IMAGES/SMALL/GPN-2001-000009.jpg
Table of Contents
Introduction 1
SA’s Greenhouse Gas Footprint 1
Vision Statement and Main Objectives 3
Realizing the Vision 4
Our Course of Action 5
A: Large Event Production 5
B: Event Waste 8
C: Transportation to Events 11
D: Elections 14
E: SA Offices 15
F: SA Clubs 20
G: Promotions 24
H: Purchasing 27
I: Advocacy and Culture 29
Implementation 31
The Climate Neutrality Director 31
Responsible Parties 31
Financing Climate Neutrality 32
Updates to the Plan 33
Conclusion 35
1
Introduction
The Student Association Climate Action Report, released in December
2010, documented the Student Association’s greenhouse gas emissions.
This plan is the next step towards our final goal of climate neutrality.
While the Report’s main purpose was to measure and discuss our
environmental impact, this document lays out a series of guidelines and
steps to reduce that impact.
The full content of the Climate Action Report will not be discussed again
here. The two documents are meant to complement each other, one
describing and the other prescribing.
This plan begins with a short summary of the findings of the Climate
Action Report, defining the context under which we begin our
sustainability efforts. It then sets forth a vision, one in which the
Student Association acts as a sustainable and responsible student government. The remainder of the
plan is dedicated to the specific actions that will aid us in realizing our vision.
This plan is not the end of our climate neutrality mission. The intention here is to create a vision for
sustainability within the Student Association, and describe a series of action steps that should be taken
to realize that vision. Over the next several years, the Climate Neutrality Director and others in SA will
be responsible for implementing what is written here. This plan certainly contains flaws, inaccuracies,
and miscalculations. Over time, those in the Student Association will adjust the course laid out here to
account for new information and new situations.
SA’s Greenhouse Gas Footprint
As of April 2011, SA’s annual quantified
carbon footprint is 312.5 Metric Tons CO2-
equivalents. This figure is significantly higher
than the carbon footprint reported in the SA
Climate Action Report, released last
December. The discrepancy is due to a
miscalculation in student commuting miles,
particularly with regards to club commutes
to various events in personal vehicles. The SA
Climate Action Report estimated that student
commuting accounted for 73.5 MT CO2-e,
when the actual figure is 201.7 CO2-e.
SA VansOn-site
generation
Electricity
Commuting to Events
Air Travel
Automobile Travel
Paper UseSolid Waste
Emissions by Category
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Our Scope 1 emissions are 63.9 MT CO2-e in total, divided into two categories:
Transportation by SA Vans 63.1 MT CO2-e
On-site power generation during events 0.8 MT CO2-e
Our Scope 2 emissions, made up of electricity use by SA, are 18.4 MT CO2-e yearly.
The following Scope 3 emissions sources have also been measured:
Paper use 7.3 MT CO2-e
Solid waste 0.1 MT CO2-e
Travel, which can be further expanded into 3 areas:
o Staff air travel for SA purposes 2.5 MT CO2-e
o Staff automobile travel for SA purposes 11.2 MT CO2-e
o Students commuting to SA events 201.7 MT CO2-e
Items purchased by SA and by clubs, which are not quantified but still represent a significant
source of emissions.
Besides the error mentioned above, the data contained in the Climate Action Report is accurate and
useful in analyzing SA’s carbon footprint. Those interested in a more in-depth report on SA’s greenhouse
gas footprint are advised to read the SA Climate Action Report, available online at www.sa.buffalo.edu
and in hard copy in the Environmental Affairs office.
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Vision Statement and Main Objectives
In the context of our current greenhouse gas emissions, this plan has been formed as a guide to
reducing the Student Association’s environmental impact. This document is not simply a collection of
unrelated actions, nor is it a step-by-step guide to sustainability. Rather, this plan is guided by a vision, a
guiding goal which gives meaning to all other details.
The vision of the Student Association Climate Action Plan is to transform the Student Association into a
climate neutral and environmentally responsible organization that fulfills its role as the undergraduate
student government while nurturing a culture of sustainability at the University at Buffalo.
All the particulars found within this document are intended to lead to the vision’s realization. As a result,
the plan’s recommendations are secondary to the overall vision, and all action taken to fulfill this plan’s
goals exists in the context of the vision statement.
The vision outlines three primary objectives:
Climate Neutrality and Environmental Responsibility The SA Climate Action Plan is, above all, a plan for
climate neutrality. The Student Association has set the ambitious goal of climate neutrality – no net
greenhouse gas emissions – by the year 2020. This document outlines steps to reach that goal by the
2019-2020 school year. The 2020-2021 school year will be the first full year of SA’s climate neutrality
under this plan.
Related to our goal of climate neutrality is our goal of environmental responsibility. This term is
intentionally vague. Ultimately, we aim to have as little negative impact on the environment as possible.
Our overarching objective is sustainability, meaning that our resource use will not compromise future
generations’ accessibility to resources. (For more on sustainability, see the Introduction to the Climate
Action Report.)
Student Government The Student Association’s primary responsibility is as a student government. Our
first priority is always to represent students and their concerns. As we take steps toward climate
neutrality and environmental responsibility, we must remember our role as a student government. This
means listening to student suggestions and updating them on our progress. Before all else, the Student
Association acts as an advocate and envoy for the undergraduate student body.
Culture of Sustainability The Student Association’s carbon footprint is very small in comparison to that
of UB or the United States. Our biggest impact will not come from our carbon reductions, but from the
impact we have on students. Ultimately, we aim to instill in students a consciousness towards the
environment and establish an environmental ethic. We strive to make students aware of sustainability
issues and empowered and inspired to take action on them. This will culminate in a culture of
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sustainability at UB, a realization of the importance of sustainability and a pattern of behavior to
support that realization.
Realizing the Vision
This plan is divided into eight sections:
Large event production
Event waste
Transportation to events
Elections
SA offices
SA clubs
Promotions
Purchasing
Advocacy and Culture
Under each of these sections, a series of action steps has been named, along with an appropriate
deadline for each step. Each action item includes a brief paragraph describing the goal of the action,
some of the benefits it will bring, and potential obstacles that may be faced in completing it.
Each section (except the last) concludes with an action matrix. The matrices are meant to display each
action step in a concrete and objective fashion. This Plan, therefore, presents its proposals in two ways,
first with a brief discussion of the idea and how it could be implemented, and second with a “nuts-and-
bolts” analysis. The Climate Action Plan has been formatted in this way to accommodate both a
qualitative and quantitative perspective.
This Plan concludes with a section on Implementation. This includes a discussion of the role of the
Climate Neutrality director, other responsible parties, financing, and updates to the Plan.
The Student Association will realize its vision through the completion of the action items presented here
and the purchase of carbon offsets. This plan estimates that SA will need to purchase 65.6 MT e-CO2 in
order to fully reach climate neutrality. These credits will offset any remaining emissions that SA is
otherwise unable to eliminate. This plan recommends that carbon offsets be purchased in the Spring of
2020, after all other reasonable action has been taken towards climate neutrality.
The prescriptions of this plan are ambitious but achievable. With the concerted effort of all departments
of SA, along with collaboration with outside entities at UB and beyond, we can realize our vision of a
climate neutral Student Association.
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Our Course of Action
A: Large Event Production
Though Fall Fest, Spring Fest, Backyard Bash, Comedy Series, and Film Series don’t make up the greatest
proportion of SA’s carbon footprint, they make up one the most visible parts of SA’s operations.
Thousands of students attend these entertainment events every year. Part of the mission of this section,
then, is to communicate to students the steps we’re taking. By communicating our successes with
students, we help to establish a sustainable culture within the student body.
Switch to more efficient lighting at the Fests,
Backyard Bash, and Fall Carnival. The Fests, the
Backyard Bash, and Fall Carnival all happen
primarily outdoors at night, so lighting is always
part of the production. Luckily, lighting has become
more and more efficient over the past few years.
LED lighting and fluorescent lighting are both
affordable and more sustainable alternatives.
Whatever the technology, SA should use the most
efficient lighting available when staging its large
productions.
Phase in more efficient sound systems at Fests
and Backyard Bash. The Student Association uses
massive sound systems at its concerts. Like lighting,
these systems can be phased out with more
efficient ones. Unlike lighting, however, sound
systems have been not rapidly advancing in energy
efficiency. As the old technology is taken out of
use, SA should look to use the most efficient
technology available at the time of implementation
Use more efficient generators at Fests, Backyard
Bash, and Carnival. All our power for outdoor
events is powered by diesel generators. We can reduce the environmental impact of this by beginning to
use more efficient generators. This, like the previous step, will require that technology offer viable
alternatives to the current equipment.
Transition to renewable energy generators as they become available. The ideal situation for these
events is renewable power generation. As renewable energy sources become available, the Student
Association can begin purchasing or renting generators that produce clean energy. This is a long-term
step that will most likely be completed towards the end of this plan’s timeframe.
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Continue to use local businesses for the production of Carnival. When the Student Association holds
the Fall Carnival as part of Homecoming week, it rents rides from a local company. This reduces
emissions from transportation, and SA should continue this practice.
Cut the number of films in the Film Series by one third. The Film series impacts the environment in a
number of ways. The actual production of the films, student transportation to these events, shipping of
film roles, and waste produced are part of the environmental effects of the Film Series. Adding to the
Film Series’ environmental costs are its monetary costs. We spend $30,000 annually on the Film Series,
and we have poor attendance for most of the movies we show. An easy way to reduce both impacts is to
reduce the number of films we produce by one third, from about 35 to about 23. This will both reduce
our emissions and reduce costs. By cutting the number of films, we can save $10,000 annually and use
that money in a much more productive ways.
Switch to digital film projection. We currently use film reels when showing movies. This increases both
environmental and fiscal costs in the form of shipping. As our old equipment is retired, the Student
Association should begin to use a digital system to reduce our shipping impact.
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A: Large Event Production Matrix
Action Reduction (MT CO2-e)
Up-front Cost
Annual Cost
Responsible Party
Expected Completion Date
First Step
Switch to more efficient lighting.
0.21 $200 -$63 Entertainment Spring 2012 Research possible lighting alternatives.
Phase in more efficient sound systems.
0.21 $2,000 -$74 Entertainment Spring 2015
Use more efficient generators.
0.07 $1,000 -$14 Entertainment Spring 2016
Transition to renewable energy generators.
0.33 $10,000 -$68 Entertainment Spring 2019
Continue to use local businesses for the production of Carnival.
0 $0 $0 Entertainment Spring 2011
Cut the number of films by one third.
1.29 $0 -$10,000 Entertainment Fall 2013 Phase into the cutbacks in the first year.
Switch to digital film projection
Not quantified
$0 $0 Entertainment Fall 2016
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B: Event Waste
The events we hold make an environmental impact not only through the electricity required to produce
them, but by the waste produced by attendees. The Student Association can take a number of steps to
help reduce the amount of waste it creates. Ultimately, our goal is to make all of our events zero-waste,
meaning that no material is sent to the landfills.
As with the previous section, communicating our actions will be essential. Keeping our goal of a
sustainable culture in mind, we must celebrate the steps we take as an organization and inspire students
to bring sustainability into their own lives.
Purchase outdoor recycling bins for use at all SA
events. If the Student Association purchases recycling
bins, it can be sure that recycling will always be
available for use in events. These bins will cost a few
thousand dollars, but will last for a long time, allow for
convenient recycling, and promote a culture of
sustainability among those who attend our events.
Put recycling bins backstage at Fests. During Spring
Fest and Fall Fest, many people working to produce
the event are backstage. In years past, no recycling
was available for those backstage, even though
significant amounts of waste were produced. From
this point on, the Student Association should ensure
that recycling is available backstage at these events.
Emphasize waste reduction in purchasing policies.
Recycling is good, but it is not the best option for
reducing waste. Recycling often transforms materials
into lower-end materials, which will eventually turn
into waste. A much better situation is one in which
waste is reduced, and then reused, before being
recycled. SA can and should implement purchasing
policies that focus on waste reduction.
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Begin composting pilots at SA events. Composting is the process of allowing organic material (most
notably food) to break down into compost, or nutrient-rich soil. It can greatly reduce waste and it
creates a useful product for growing plants. Campus Dining and Shops already practices pre-consumer
and limited post-consumer composting. SA can expand the use of composting by composting waste at
its events. We can also begin composting waste within the SA offices. Campus Dining and Shops,
however, has only limited equipment for composting. The Student Association should subsidize CDS’s
purchase of more and better equipment to help expand composting on campus. This investment will be
substantial but valuable in reducing waste, working with other UB entities, and educating students.
Work with venue to reduce waste at
Galas. At Winter and Spring Galas, the
Student Association has less control
over the waste produced. Because
these events are hosted off-campus
by a private company, we cannot
simply act on our own to create
change. Instead, SA should work with
the venue for the Galas, creating a
dialogue about waste reduction. This
may encourage our venue to take on
more sustainable practices for all of
its events, leading to a greater
emissions reduction and culture
change.
Establish composting at Galas. After SA has established composting at the events it hosts, it can expand
its composting to Galas. This, like the last step, will require close work with those hosting the Galas. This
step will also help nurture collaboration and establish dialogue with off-campus entities, increasing SA’s
reputation as a sustainable organization.
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B: Event Waste Matrix
Action Reduction (MT CO2-e)
Up-front Cost
Annual Cost
Responsible Party
Expected Completion Date
First Step
Purchase outdoor recycling bins
Not quantified
$3,000 $0 Entertainment Fall 2011 Research possible lighting alternatives.
Put recycling bins backstage at Fests.
Not quantified
$0 $0 Entertainment Fall 2011
Emphasize waste reduction in purchasing policies.
Not quantified
$0 $0 Environmental Affairs, Finance
Spring 2012
Begin composting pilots at SA events.
0.01 $20,000 $0 Environmental Affairs, Entertainment, CDS
Fall 2012 Discuss with CDS the possibility of expanding their composting program.
Work with venue to reduce waste at Gala.
Not quantified
$0 $0 Environmental Affairs, Gala venue
Spring 2013 Begin discussions with venue on their environmental practices.
Establish composting at Gala.
Not quantified
$0 $0 Environmental Affairs, Gala venue
Spring 2014 Provide materials for composting and discuss logistics with venue.
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C: Transportation to Events
The Winter and Spring Galas, the Fests, the Backyard Bash, the Film Series and the Comedy Series all
contribute to SA’s greenhouse gas footprint through their actual production: electricity generated for
lighting and sound systems and the production of waste. However, we must also take into account the
greenhouse gas emissions produced from students’ commuting to and from these events.
Transportation is also a central issue in UB Trippin’, as it sends students to sites around the city of
Buffalo in buses.
In the United States, the personal automobile has become the preferred mode of transportation.
Unfortunately, this form of travel is also the most damaging to the environment. The Student
Association should work to encourage alternative forms of transit.
Many of the recommendation of this section are incentive-based. We hope to create positive incentives
for students choosing less energy-intensive forms of travel, while creating negative incentives for
students travelling in single-occupancy vehicles. This system of “carrots and sticks” will provide students
with alternatives while keeping costs low.
Load Gala buses more efficiently. Buses travelling to and from the Galas currently stop at only one
point. For example, two buses leave from Ellicott, one leaves from Governors, etc. Often, these buses
are partially empty due to attendees signing up for buses but not arriving. This is clearly inefficient. SA
should find ways to ensure that those signing up for buses actually use the buses. Furthermore, SA can
increase the number of stubs the buses make. This will involve extra logistical organizing, but it will
effectively reduce emissions from this source.
Move the Galas to a closer location. Currently, Winter Gala is hosted by the Buffalo Convention Center,
while Spring Gala takes place at Samuel’s Grand Manor. These are relatively close locations and fine
venues. But if we move Galas to even closer locations, less gasoline will necessary to get there. The
Student Association should investigate possible alternatives to the traditional location. We should be
able to find an acceptable venue that does not subtract from students’ enjoyment of the event.
Use compressed natural gas, hybrid, or alternative energy buses at Galas. Students are transported to
and from Galas by school bus. In the future, SA should rent more fuel-efficient buses. However, an
affordable and environmentally responsible alternative to the current school buses may not be available
for a number of years. For this reason, this action item will be pursued towards the end of the Climate
Action Plan’s nine-year timeframe.
Give incentives to encourage more environmentally-friendly transportation to Galas. This can include
an awareness campaign, a contest or giveaway, or any number of other incentives for those who use
carbon-light travel. This should also include negative incentives for individual automobile use, such as
limited parking space or a parking fee.
Give incentives for carpooling and low-impact travel to Entertainment events. Like the previously
stated action item, this step can take on a number of forms. We can hold giveaways or give other
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rewards to those who walk, bike, bus, and carpool. SA should be creative in its approach to encouraging
environmentally responsible transportation.
Limit available parking at Fall Fest and Spring Fest. Giving positive incentives is easy, but is incomplete
without negative incentives. While positive incentives are more enjoyable, they also cost money and
may not be entirely effective. As such, we should do what we can to make single-use vehicle
transportation inconvenient. While this may prove to be a nuisance to students at first, it will eventually
encourage them to seek other forms of transportation.
Utilize public transportation for UB Trippin’ events. The NFTA offers reliable and inexpensive subway
service through the METRO line, which runs down Main Street in the city of Buffalo. There are also a
number of NFTA bus routes which run through most of the city. UB Trippin’ should aim to use public
transportation for at least half of its events by the fall of 2012.
Use more efficient buses for UB Trippin’. While many UB Trippin’ locations will be able to utilize public
transportation, some will not. In these cases, the Student Association should use the most fuel-efficient
buses available. Like the buses for Galas, substantially fuel-efficient buses for UB Trippin’ may not be
available for a number of years. SA should make an effort to transition to these buses as they become
available.
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C: Transportation to Events Matrix
Action Reduction (MT CO2-e)
Up-front Cost
Annual Cost
Responsible Party
Expected Completion Date
First Step
Load Gala buses more efficiently.
1.37 $0 $0 Environmental Affairs
Spring 2012 Analyze attendance data to find efficient routes; speak with bus company.
Move the Galas to a closer location.
2.58 $0 $0 Environmental Affairs
Fall 2015 Research possible alternative locations.
Use compressed natural gas, hybrid, or alternative energy buses at Galas.
1.68 $0 $2,000 Environmental Affairs
Fall 2017 Research alternative technologies as they become available.
Give incentives to encourage more environmentally-friendly transportation to Galas.
0.61 $0 $500 Environmental Affairs, Gala venue owners
Spring 2012 Investigate why students choose certain forms of travel.
Give incentives for carpooling and low-impact travel to Entertainment events.
1.62 $0 $4,200 Entertainment
Fall 2013 Research affordable and practical
incentives.
Limit available parking at Fall Fest and Spring Fest.
0.81 $0 $0 Entertainment, UB Parking & Transportation
Fall 2013 Meet with Parking and Transportation to discuss parking limitation strategies.
Utilize public transportation for UB Trippin' events.
3.20 $0 -$2,500 Student Affairs, NFTA
Fall 2012 Assess public transportation routes for UB Trippin' trips, beginning in the Fall of 2011.
Use more efficient buses for UB Trippin'.
0.22 $0 $2,000 Student Affairs Spring 2016 Research alternative technologies as they become available.
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D: Elections
Elections are an essential piece of any democratic government. As a student government, the Student
Association is required to hold elections. While SA Senate elections that occur in the fall have some
environmental impact, the majority of emissions from elections comes during the spring. It’s at this time
that candidates for President, Vice President, Treasurer, and SUNY delegate make their case to the
student body.
The greenhouse gas emissions from elections come mainly from paper use and solid waste production.
Because so much campaigning is done with flyers and quarters, the consumption of paper during
election time can be overwhelming. The Student Association should be cautious, however, of creating
strict rules for campaigns. Limitations on paper advertizing – other than the already-existing maximum
budget rules – may hinder candidates’ ability to reach out to students. Elections are a time for open
dialogue and debate about the Student Association and the student body. Any serious limitation on the
use of paper during this time may hurt SA’s strength as a representative government. We have
identified, however, three steps that can be taken to reduce the environmental impact of elections.
Encourage or require candidates to add the words “Please Recycle” to their campaign flyers. During
the spring 2011 elections, the Elections and Credentials Committee requested that candidates add this
wording to their quarters, and both parties agreed. Those involved with elections should continue to
mark election flyers in the future. This is a small step but can raise awareness to the student body.
Ensure the availability of recycling bins in and around campaign areas. Students, many of them
understandably annoyed, throw campaign materials on the floor or in the nearest trash can. We can
work to make sure that as many flyers as possible are properly recycled by placing many paper recycling
bins near heavy campaign areas.
Reduce paper use in vote tallying. A considerable amount of paper is used to account for which
students vote in an election. The Elections and Credentials Department should transition to a system
that relies less on this paper-based accounting. As with many other items in this plan, this action’s
environmental benefit is relatively small, but will help encourage a sustainable culture during the
election season.
Action Reduction (MT CO2-e)
Up-front Cost
Annual Cost
Responsible Party
Expected Completion Date
Encourage or require candidates to add “Please Recycle” to their campaign flyers.
Not quantified
$0 $0 Elections and Credentials
Fall 2011
Ensure the availability of recycling bins at campaign areas.
Not quantified
$0 $0 Elections and Credentials
Fall 2011
Reduce paper use in vote tallying.
Not quantified
$0 $0 Elections and Credentials
Spring 2013
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E: SA Offices
Because so much of SA’s work happens inside offices in the Student Union, we must take into account
the electricity use, paper use, and waste generation from these offices. When the Climate Action Report
was written, its findings were based only on the main SA offices. But dozens of club offices and other
club spaces contribute to our greenhouse gas footprint. The emissions reductions called for here center
primarily on SA’s main offices. However, these action steps can also be expanded to club offices,
increasing their potential for both emissions reduction and culture change.
Work to let SA keep the funds saved from energy conservation for five years. All energy conservation
efforts will save the university money in the long run. If SA can recoup that saved money for a short
period of time, it can reinvest the funds to further sustainability efforts. Although this step will not
immediately lead to carbon emissions reductions, it will help fund future climate neutrality efforts.
There are several institutional barriers to recovering the funds, but if it can be done, this step will do
much to catalyze our sustainability efforts. Ideally, the Student Association could establish a revolving
loan fund, where all money-saving sustainability projects are reinvested into a fund that goes to further
projects.
Install motion sensors in SA offices. Motion sensors are devices that turn lights off in a room after they
detect inactivity for a short period of time. They are also a very inexpensive energy efficiency measure
with a short payback period. This action step can be done fairly quickly at little to no cost to SA.
Turn off lights that are “permanently on”. A number of lights in the SA offices are on all the time and
are not operated by light switches. They were designed this way to comply with fire codes at the time
the Student Union was built. Fire codes have changed since then, and the Student Association should
find ways to turn off some of these lights without violating current safety codes.
Establish a policy requiring the purchase of Energy Star appliances and efficient devices where
possible. The SA offices contain printers, refrigerators, and other types of devices that are available with
Energy Star ratings. The Student Association should institute a policy favoring these types of devices.
Hold inner-office campaigns for energy conservation. The more students are made aware of their
impact, the more they will be willing to lessen it. The Student Association should work to strengthen
awareness through a number of campaigns within the offices. Competitions, especially, can inspire
people to take action.
Display an energy management dashboard in the Student Union. Several companies now offer
software that displays energy use in real time. UB’s metering infrastructure can still be improved, but we
should soon be able to display a “dashboard”, a visual interface that shows current energy use in a
building or area of a building. This raises awareness within the office, inspiring change.
Improve Student Union energy use. Much of a given building’s energy use (heating and cooling, for
instance) must be reduced at a building-wide level. SA should work alongside Student Life and Facilities
to investigate the Union as a whole and take action to reduce its energy consumption.
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We may also want to consider LEED certification for the Student Union. The Green Building Council has
established a system for qualifying buildings as LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environment Design)
certified. Builders often seek LEED certification on new construction projects. However, the Green
Building Council also offers LEED certification for existing buildings. The Student Association should
investigate the requirements for this type of certification, and determine the feasibility of such
certification for the Student Union.
Purchase renewable energy credits for all remaining power consumption. SA should first focus its
attention on energy conservation. After a few years, we will have done most of what we can to conserve
energy, and at this point we should move to investing in renewable energy. Since the Student
Association has limited funding, the most fiscally sensible option at this time is to purchase renewable
energy credits. These RECs support renewable energy projects elsewhere, rather than provide
renewable energy specifically for us. If feasible, the Student Association may wish to actually install solar
or wind energy in lieu of renewable energy credits.
Establish a purchasing policy for 100% recycled paper. Our current office paper contains 30% recycled
content. A switch to 100% post-consumer content is cost-comparable and much better for the
environment. This is an easy step that SA can take towards climate neutrality.
Find alternatives to passing out meeting agendas. Almost every meeting the Student Association holds
contains a one-page agenda. In most cases, these agendas are non-essential, and easy alternatives exist.
Those holding the meeting can write the agenda on a chalkboard or email the agenda ahead of time.
This step, while not reducing greenhouse gases significantly, would help encourage a sustainable culture
greatly.
Change the way in which SA mailboxes are used. One wall in the main SA office contains mailboxes for
some staff members and departments, and a mailbox for each club. These mailboxes can serve an
important function in dropping off forms and notices to individuals and clubs. However, the mailboxes
are often used as a place for mass
advertizing. With 140 clubs, this
advertizing uses quite a significant
amount of paper. Furthermore, the
sight of massive paper advertizing at
the front of the office communicates
to students that SA is not serious
about sustainability. More
information on promotions is found
later in this plan. In this section,
suffice it to say that the way we
promote needs to be reevaluated.
17
Make CIT paper the standard for printing in the offices. Beginning this year, the Student Association
has used CIT paper for much of its promotions. However, CIT paper is still not commonly used for
everyday office printing. Some situations call for printing on white paper, but the SA should work to use
CIT paper much more often in its printing.
Switch to mostly digital forms. The Communications Department has already made important steps in
this regard by moving many of its graphics request forms online. In addition to its environmental
benefits, this allows SA to save time entering data and store old forms for reference. The rest of the
Student Association should follow Communications’ lead in moving to digital forms.
Transition to a paperless finance system. Unlike the previous action step, which could take place
internally, this step will require a significant amount of coordination with Sub-Board I, Inc. SBI is
intimately tied to SA’s finance system, and they currently require a number of finance documents in
hard copy. Over time, we can work with SBI and other outside entities to use increasingly digital forms.
In the long run, our goal is an almost completely paperless finance system.
Improve the recycling program in offices through structural change and awareness. Recycling in the SA
offices is decent (See the Climate Action Report for more information). The barriers to a more effective
recycling program are both structural and behavioral. Most SA offices have a single small paper recycling
bin. Of course, since only one bin is available, it is used as a trash bin. The first step in improving
recycling is making both recycling and trash bins available. The second step is staff awareness. We must
educate students on what can be recycled and on how to conserve waste. We should also start a
composting program in the offices. The Wellness Center has already established a strong composting
program in its offices, and we should learn from their example. Composting in general is further
described in the “Event Waste” section.
Inspire waste reduction through competitions. Competitions engage people more than awareness
alone. UB does this on a large scale by participating in RecycleMania, a nationwide competition to
reduce waste and encourage recycling among college campuses. SA can do this on a smaller scale
through a waste reduction competition. This could be done separate from or in conjunction with the
energy conservation campaign described earlier.
Implement and advertize recycling for uncommon items. Paper, plastic, glass, and metal recycling are
all very common. But recycling is available for a host of less common materials. Ink cartridges, cell
phones, batteries, computers, and many other items can be recycled. Other things, notably clothing, can
be given to others rather than thrown away. SA should establish strong e-waste and other recycling
programs.
Implement a reusable dish program. The Student Association, along with clubs, holds many events
where food is served. At these events, we typically use disposable plates and plastic ware. This
generates a considerable amount of waste. We should instead buy several dish sets that can be rented,
washed, and reused. An easy first step is making mugs available for tea and coffee in the office.
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E: SA Offices Matrix
Action Reduction (MT CO2-e)
Up-front Cost
Annual Cost
Responsible Party
Expected Completion Date
First Step
Work to let SA keep the funds saved from energy conservation for five years.
0 -$20,000 $0 Environmental Affairs, Student Life, Facilities
Fall 2012 Meet with relevant parties to arrange an agreement.
Install motion sensors in SA offices.
1.13 $500 $0 Environmental Affairs
Spring 2012 Do a price estimate to determine feasibility.
Turn off lights that are "permanently on".
0.56 $0 $0 Environmental Affairs
Fall 2012 Investigate current safety standards and see if changes can be made within those standards.
Establish a policy requiring the purchase of Energy Star appliances and efficient devices where possible.
1.41 $0 $0 Environmental Affairs, Finance
Spring 2012
Hold inner-office campaigns for energy conservation
2.82 $0 $500 Environmental Affairs
Spring 2012 Find creative contest and awareness ideas.
Display an energy management dashboard in the Student Union
2.82 $100 $0 Environmental Affairs, UB Green
Spring 2013 Discuss logistics of such a display.
Improve Student Union energy use.
Not quantified
$10,000 $0 Environmental Affairs
Fall 2016 Research feasibility of LEED Certification in the Union
Purchase renewable energy credits for all remaining power consumption.
3.93 $0 $750 Environmental Affairs
Fall 2015 Measure energy consumption in first update of Climate Action Plan to determine appropriate amount to purchase.
Establish a purchasing policy for 100% recycled paper.
0.08 $0 $0 Finance Fall 2011 Suggest to those who purchase items for SA.
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Action Reduction (MT CO2-e)
Up-front Cost
Annual Cost
Responsible Party
Expected Completion Date
First Step
Find alternatives to passing out meeting agendas.
0.02 $0 -$10 Environmental Affairs
Spring 2012
Change the way in which SA mailboxes are used.
0.15 $0 -$70 Club Services, Council Coordinators
Fall 2012 Meet with club officials to discuss alternatives.
Make CIT paper the standard for printing in the offices.
0.65 $0 -$300 Environmental Affairs
Spring 2013 Start to keep CIT paper in printers.
Switch to mostly digital forms.
0.01 $0 $0 Communications, Finance, Club Services
Spring 2014 Make an inventory of all forms and work to create electronic alternatives.
Transition to a paperless finance system.
0.33 $0 -$150 Finance, SBI Spring 2016 Meet with those in finance to find ways to save paper.
Improve the recycling program in offices through structural change and awareness.
0.001 $0 $0 Environmental Affairs
Spring 2012
Inspire waste reduction through competitions.
0.002 $0 $500 Environmental Affairs
Fall 2012 Brainstorm creative ideas for competitions.
Implement and advertize recycling for uncommon items.
0.0004 $300 $0 Environmental Affairs, UB Green
Spring 2013 Conduct a trash sort to see which items are most often thrown out.
Implement a reusable dish program.
0.03 $0 $0 Environmental Affairs, Club Services, CDS
Spring 2013 Get reusable mugs for main SA office.
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F: SA Clubs
Clubs are an extremely important part of SA. They make up a considerable portion of the budget and
run most SA-sponsored activities. They allow the Student Association to fulfill its role as a representative
government, by allowing students to form groups based on their interests. In regards to this plan’s
vision, they are essential in creating a culture of sustainability. The executive branch of SA has about 100
staff members, but there are more than 100 clubs, several with more than 100 members. If we are to
institute a sustainable culture among students, clubs must play a leading role.
While quantifiable success – in terms of greenhouse gas or dollars – is important, what is not quantified
is equally crucial. As we progress towards climate neutrality over the next nine years, we must
remember our goal in catalyzing a sustainable culture. Nowhere will our success be more apparent than
in the SA clubs.
Purchase 8 additional SA vans. Clubs have two primary ways of travelling to their events – by SA van
and by personal vehicle. At first glance, adding the number of SA vans may seem counterintuitive.
However, this step will actually reduce SA’s carbon footprint for a number of reasons. First, these vans
will serve as a replacement for personal vehicle travel, which is less fuel-efficient. Second, SA will be able
to buy vans with high fuel efficiency, giving us an area over which we have direct control.
Encourage public transportation use by issuing new rules for van use and reimbursement. In our
culture, we tend to think of automobile travel as the first option when going from one place to another.
However, public transportation is more affordable and more environmentally friendly. Currently, SA
reimburses fuel costs indiscriminately, paying no attention to whether automobile use was the best
option in any particular situation. The Student Association should alter the way it distributes gas
reimbursements to take into account what other alternatives are available. Ideally, SA could stop giving
gas reimbursements altogether, requiring either public transportation or SA vans for subsidized club
travel. This would reduce both carbon emissions and costs; SA currently pays about $60,000 in gas
reimbursements each year.
Phase in more fuel-efficient vans. With SA vans used so often, we can make a large impact by phasing in
more fuel-efficient vans. This will require better technologies to become available over time. In the long
run, however, SA can reduce its emissions significantly by buying the most efficient vans available as we
replace our fleet.
Provide low-carbon transit for club council events. When club councils hold large events off campus,
they rarely provide transportation. This leaves many students to drive to council events. This is both an
environmental and a safety issue; with alcohol available at these events, not providing alternative
transportation increases the likelihood of drunk driving. SA can rectify this situation by making available
and advertizing buses and other forms of low-carbon transit at these events.
Bring club council events closer to campus. However students get to events, a closer event will have a
smaller footprint. As was discussed in the “Transportation to Events” section, several venues are
21
available near the North and South campuses. By changing the location of our events, we can cut help
down on our carbon footprint.
Encourage carpooling and low-carbon
transit at club banquets and events.
Individual clubs, in addition to club
councils, often hold events off campus.
Providing buses for every one of these
events would be very costly. However, SA
can work to encourage carpooling and
cleaner forms of travel at these events
without paying for buses. This should be
a system of both carrots and sticks,
making alternative transportation easier
and making single-occupant automobile
travel more difficult.
Give incentives to clubs that hold their events closer to campus. Again, a closer event will reduce the
number of total miles travelled by attendees. The Student Association can give incentives to clubs for
moving their events. These incentives can take many forms, from holding giveaways to granting alcohol
permits to subsidizing costs.
Make recycling available at all club events. As discussed earlier, SA will soon be purchasing recycling
bins that can be used both indoors and outdoors. These bins are not simply for Student Association
departments; we can also lend them to clubs. While waste at club events was not measured in the SA
Climate Action Report, we can be sure that this step will encourage a culture of sustainability among
students.
Measure and work to curb the carbon footprint of club meetings and events. All clubs hold meetings
and events that use energy. SA should work with clubs to make their activities greener, encouraging
both energy conservation and waste reduction. This will probably be done best on a one-on-one basis.
To avoid the appearance of imposing on clubs, SA Environmental Affairs and Club Services should sit
down with individual executive boards, working with them and providing resources as necessary.
Institute composting at all major club events. Composting is an excellent way to reduce waste. By
letting organic material break down, composting diverts materials from landfills and produces a rich soil
nutrient. This step will help raise awareness about composting among club members. This plan already
includes provisions for a greater use of composting at events in the offices (see “Event Waste” and “SA
Offices”). These programs can be expanded for club use over time.
Make all major club events zero-waste. Zero-waste events are our ultimate goal. Ideally, our events
should not produce any trash. This can be done by reducing material use and ensuring that all materials
are either reused, recycled, or composted. Over the course of many years, SA can make zero-waste the
standard for club events.
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F: SA Clubs Matrix
Action Reduction (MT CO2-e)
Up-front Cost
Annual Cost
Responsible Party
Expected Completion Date
First Step
Purchase 8 additional SA vans.
80.03 $160,000 $41,000 Club Services Fall 2015 Conduct a detailed study for estimated cost and savings.
Encourage public transportation use by issuing new rules for van use and reimbursement.
29.09 $0 -$30,000 Club Services, Finance
Fall 2016 Lower reimbursements gradually and provide clubs with information on other forms of travel.
Phase in more fuel-efficient vans.
65.84 $33,000 -$30,000 Club Services Spring 2017 Create a purchasing policy emphasizing fuel efficiency for all new vehicles.
Provide low-carbon transit for club council events.
0.32 $0 $8,000 Club Services, Council Coordinators
Spring 2013
Bring club council events closer to campus.
0.48 $0 $0 Club Services, Council Coordinators
Spring 2012 Speak with council coordinators to arrange closer alternatives.
Encourage carpooling and low-carbon transit at club banquets and events.
10.91 $0 $0 Club Services, Council Coordinators
Spring 2013 Speak with club members about the issues surrounding low-carbon transit.
Give incentives to clubs that hold their events closer to campus.
21.82 $0 $2,000 Club Services, Council Coordinators
Spring 2014 Suggest possible alternatives. Speak to clubs about moving their events before offering incentives.
Make recycling available at all club events.
Not quantified
$0 $0 Club Services Spring 2012 Purchase bins. Advertize their availability and give incentives.
Measure and work to curb the carbon footprint of club meetings and events.
Not quantified
$0 $0 Club Services, Council Coordinators
Spring 2013 Audit club electricity use. Give clubs useful feedback.
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Action Reduction (MT CO2-e)
Up-front Cost
Annual Cost
Responsible Party
Expected Completion Date
First Step
Institute composting at all major club events.
Not quantified
$0 $0 Club Services Spring 2015 Pilot composting at a few events. Raise awareness about composting.
Make all major club events zero-waste.
Not quantified
$0 $0 Club Services Spring 2016 Make SA events zero-waste, setting an example.
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25
G: Promotions
The Student Association makes its name known through its promotions. We advertize for our events
primarily through paper advertizing – flyers, quarters, the Spectrum insert, and banners in the Student
Union. Our promotions help communicate to students what we’re doing as an organization. But
promotions also communicate our environmental ethic. The Student Association cannot claim to be a
green organization when it puts more than a thousand quarter sheets in lecture halls every week.
Promotions in SA need to be reevaluated. We’ve used paper for our advertizing for a long time because
of its convenience. But paper advertizing presents a number of problems. Most important for the sake
of this plan is paper’s environmental impact. But there is also a question of efficacy. With every on-
campus entity promoting through the same media, it is highly probable that students “block out” all the
advertizing they see. For us to effectively promote, we must take another look at the way we
communicate to students. What’s needed is a radical shift in the way we view our promotions. This will
eventually lead to SA becoming a more effective and environmentally responsible organization.
Conduct a study on the effectiveness of various types of advertizing. Before any other significant action
can be taken to change our promotions, we need to study our promotions as they currently exist. How
effective is quartering? How effective are emails, or facebook, or text message alerts? How effective is
word-of-mouth advertizing? These questions need to be answered in order for us to create a useful
promotions system. In the first year of this plan’s implementation, SA should conduct a scientific study
on the efficacy of promotions.
Use CIT paper as the standard for promotions. The “SA Offices” section calls for CIT paper to be used
primarily for promotions. We should also use CIT paper for our promotions. There are some issues
dealing with the supply of such paper and its compatibility with our copiers. Still, this is a fairly easy
steps we can take in our promotional effort, and it should be done right away.
Phase out quartering. Quartering has long been a staple of SA promotions. It is relatively cheap, and
seems to be a sensible way to advertize. But as was mentioned earlier, quartering has become so
common that it has lost its effectiveness. Students are bombarded by quarters, in lecture halls, in
hallways, and in the Student Union. At some point, students begin to ignore every quarter when
quarters have become so common. An end to quartering in SA, however, does not mean an end to
promotions. Hopefully, the previously mentioned study will showcase a number of more effective
means of advertizing, such as chalking. The Student Association can use these new methods in place of
quartering. This action step may come slowly, but with a reduction in quarters over time, and with
viable alternatives, we can eventually phase out this mode of advertizing.
26
Utilize TV screens in place of bulletin
boards. Student Life and Campus Dining
and Shops have both begun installing TV
screens in hallways along campus. These
TV screens may become part of the
future of advertizing at UB. The Student
Association should begin to utilize this
resource, working with Student Life and
other on-campus entities to promote its
events through this media.
Use the marquee outside the Union for
promotions. The marquee sign outside
the Student Union is jointly owned by
the Student Association and Student
Life. However, SA rarely uses this for
promotions. We need to sit down with
Student Life and arrange for us to use
this sign for our advertizing. If
promoting with the marquee proves
infeasible or ineffective (few students
look at it), we should sell the sign.
Better utilize electronic sources. A plethora of electronic sources are now available for advertizing. SA
should take better advantage of these sources. Email, text message, Facebook, myUB, online and TV
commercials, Collegiate Link, and many other electronic media are available for SA’s use, most at little
or no cost. The SA website is also a grossly underutilized resource. The website has been remade a
number of times, but as of this writing, our web page is rarely visited. We must upgrade the website into
something inviting and useful to students, and take other steps to expand our presence in electronic
media.
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G: Promotions Matrix
Action Reduction (MT CO2-e)
Up-front Cost
Annual Cost
Responsible Party
Expected Completion Date
First Step
Conduct a study on the effectiveness of various types of advertizing.
Not quantified
$0 $0 Communications Fall 2011 Conduct a detailed study for estimated cost and savings.
Use CIT paper as the standard for promotions
0.24 $0 $350 Communications Spring 2012
Phase out quartering. 4.22 $0 $0 Communications Spring 2013
Utilize TV screens in place of bulletin boards.
Not quantified
$0 $0 Communications, Student Life
Spring 2013
Use the marquee outside the Union for promotions.
Not quantified
$0 $0 Communications, Student Life
Spring 2013
Better utilize electronic sources.
Not quantified
$0 $0 Communications, Student Life
Spring 2013
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H: Purchasing
Purchasing is an essential part of SA’s climate neutrality goals, yet quantifying our carbon footprint from
purchasing is quite difficult. For this reason, none of the action steps proposed in this section has a
quantifiable CO2-equivalent reduction associated with it. We must remember, though, that “not
quantified” is not the same as “not important” or “not substantial”. On the contrary, the things we buy
can have a huge impact at UB and beyond. At UB, revising our purchasing policies will help create a
culture of sustainability. In addition, the Student Association can help support sustainable companies
through the actions listed here, furthering a sustainability ethic beyond the University.
Three proposed purchasing policies have been addressed elsewhere in this document: one supporting
waste reduction, one supporting 100% recycled paper, and one supporting Energy Star appliances and
other energy-efficient devices. Four other specific recommendations are presented here. However, the
intention of this plan is that a comprehensive purchasing policy favoring conservation and sustainability
will emerge as a result of these guidelines.
Create a point system that ranks purchasing options based on their sustainability. One of the problems
with establishing firm purchasing policies is the difficulty in quantifying information. The creation of a
point system for purchases will attach a number to them, making decisions easier and allowing the
Student Association to weigh the environmental and monetary costs. A thorough point system should
include the raw material use, the manufacture, the distribution, the consumption, and the disposal of
items purchased. It should also include the environmental record of the seller.
This action item is one of the most obvious places where environmental justice is involved. In addition to
examining the environmental sustainability of purchasing decisions, the point system should investigate
the justice or injustice created by certain purchases. This includes issues like human health, safe working
conditions, and fair compensation of laborers.
An effective point system will take time to develop. By beginning with one group of items (t-shirts, for
example), and expanding to different groups over time, SA can eventually create a point system for
virtually every purchase made. This will be a huge step in ensuring our climate neutrality.
Increase the use of reusable, recyclable, compostable, and biodegradable materials. Every item we
use an item, we eventually need to dispose of it. The Student Association should first favor the use of
reusable materials (The reusable dish program, in the “SA Offices” section, is one example.).
Furthermore, SA should increase its purchase of materials that can be recycled and composted. This will
greatly reduce waste and move the Student Association closer to sustainability.
Switch to soy-based inks. While we often consider paper use in printing, ink carries just as many
environmental concerns. Soy-based inks, which have become popular in recent years, are much more
environmentally friendly than traditional printer ink. They are also cost-comparative. This is an easy step
SA can take to lessen its impact and promote a sustainable culture.
29
Replace the current card-swipe system with one that uses no extra plastic. SA staff members are given
key cards to access their offices. This represents an overall small but symbolically important part of SA’s
footprint. The cards we receive as staff are only in use for one year, and serve no other purpose than to
unlock doors to the offices. Many alternatives exist. Some have suggested a fingerprint scanning system.
Since every student has a UB card, it may be possible to use UB cards instead. The Student Association
should investigate possible alternatives to our current system.
Action Up-front Cost
Annual Cost
Responsible Party
Expected Completion Date
First Step
Create a point system that ranks purchasing options based on their sustainability.
$0 $0 Environmental Affairs, Finance
Spring 2013 Begin a point system for the most common groups of items.
Increase the use of reusable, recyclable, compostable, and biodegradable materials.
$0 $0 Environmental Affairs, Finance
Spring 2013 Start with the most widely-used items and research reasonable alternatives.
Switch to soy-based inks. $0 $0 Environmental Affairs, Finance
Spring 2012
Replace the current card-swipe system with one that uses no extra plastic.
$0 $0 Environmental Affairs, Student Life
Fall 2013 Meet with those who understand the current system to seek a greener alternative.
30
I: Advocacy and Culture
The previous sections of this plan have focused on specific action items to reduce SA’s carbon footprint.
These recommendations, along with the purchase of carbon offsets, will bring the Student Association
to climate neutrality by the year 2020. However, these steps are not enough, by themselves, to fulfill our
environmental goals at UB. The Student Association must make its operations climate neutral, but it
must also advocate for a more sustainable campus and bring about a sustainable culture.
The Student Association has already begun to advocate for students on environmental issues. The
Environmental Stewardship Committee, the main administrative body responsible for implementing the
UB Climate Action Plan, has a student representative on each of its six sub-committees. While these six
students sit in on meetings and take on projects related to their committees, they have done little to
solicit student input. In order for SA to truly be the undergraduate student voice, it must do a better job
of listening to students’ concerns and ideas.
SA, with the help of UB Green and others, has also begun to guide a culture change towards
sustainability at UB. Our recycling rate, for instance, has increased over the past two years. Students,
faculty, and staff are beginning to at least consider the environment in their everyday activities. The
Student Association must continue to cultivate a sustainable culture here on campus.
Most of SA’s environmental advocacy and culture work has taken place within the Environmental Affairs
Department. This department is the obvious place for such work, but it cannot remain the only place
where sustainability is a concern. For us to be successful, environmental advocacy and a sustainable
culture must be embraced by all parts of the Student Association, its efforts led by Environmental
Affairs.
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Some of the many possible actions for the Student Association to take are listed here:
Advocate for more bike racks and other biking infrastructure.
Expand the Blue Line Shuttle times to better accommodate students.
Create partnerships with Roswell Park and local hospitals for better transportation.
Make sure UB students are represented in community issues.
Advertize for NFTA.
Appoint a commuter liaison to better accommodate commuting students.
Advocate for sub-metering.
Push UB to increase its renewable energy use.
Phase PVC and other harmful materials off UB.
Advocate for increased recycling and composting across campus.
Stop selling single-use water bottles.
Advocate for high standards (LEED Gold or Platinum) for all new buildings.
Continue to make our Information technology more energy efficient.
Advocate for more environmental material in courses.
Create a sustainability tutorial for incoming freshmen.
Bring up sustainability at freshman orientation.
Take UB Trippin’ to environmentally themed locations.
Add “These Come From Trees” stickers to paper towel and napkin dispensers.
Encourage staff members to add environmental reminders on their emails.
Establish guidelines and tips for sustainability, and pass them out to staff.
Hold environmental competitions between clubs.
Add sustainability to the club handbook and other club materials.
Continue to spread environmental awareness to students.
Constantly seek student input on environmental issues.
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Implementation
A plan is meaningless if not implemented. This plan is not meant to sit on a shelf. Rather, it is meant to
be transformed into action. This plan, used correctly, will serve as a guide towards SA’s climate
neutrality. The items below should be used to ensure this document’s implementation.
The Climate Neutrality Director
The Climate Neutrality Director will have the primary responsibility for implementing this plan. The
position of Climate Neutrality Director should be maintained until the 2020-2021 school year. Each year,
this SA staff member will be responsible for coordinating the plan’s implementation and establishing a
dialogue with students.
The Climate Neutrality Director will also establish a Climate Neutrality Task Force. This task force will
have the responsibility of advising the Climate Neutrality Director and assisting in the plan’s
implementation. The size and membership of this body will be at the discretion of the Climate Neutrality
Director. This group should meet at least twice per semester.
The Climate Neutrality Director will also hold at least one well-advertized public meeting during the
school year. At this meeting, the Climate Neutrality Director will summarize the progress made on this
plan over the past year, and solicit comments from those in attendance.
In addition to the duties mentioned above, the Climate Neutrality Director is responsible for writing the
revisions to this plan, further outlined below.
Responsible Parties
Though the Climate Neutrality Director and Task Force will have the primary responsibility for carrying
out this plan, several other bodies will play a role in the plan’s implementation. Each action item
outlined here lists one or more responsible parties. These responsible parties are expected to work with
the Climate Neutrality Director and Task Force to implement the action items above.
Because the Climate Neutrality Director will be working alongside a number of other people and groups,
it is imperative that the Climate Neutrality Director maintain good relations with those in the Student
Association and beyond.
The Student Association, particularly the SA Treasurer and the Senate, are responsible for providing the
funds necessary for the completion of this plan. This will include budgeting to account for the plan’s
prescriptions and working with the Climate Neutrality Director to allocate necessary funds.
In several cases, groups outside of SA or outside of UB are listed as responsible parties. Implementing
this plan will require coordination with a number of entities outside the Student Associations’
34
immediate control. This will be beneficial to our efforts, as we will encourage a culture of sustainability
even beyond our walls.
Financing Climate Neutrality
The graph above shows the cost of this plan by year. The net cost of implementing the Climate Action
Plan is approximately $232,000 over the course of ten years. This includes both the costs and savings
from the action steps in the plan.
The majority of the cost comes from the purchase of eight additional SA vans, described in the “SA
Clubs” section. This step alone will cost $160,000 up front and $41,000 in additional maintenance costs
every year after its implementation. However, this action will reduce SA’s carbon footprint by almost 70
MT CO2-e, representing 23% of SA’s current emissions. This step is the most major investment of the
plan, but is worthwhile for the carbon savings it offers. That being said, the Student Association should
study the potential cost of and emissions reductions from the purchase of more SA vans before any
action is taken.
As the graph demonstrates, this plan requires up-front investment which will be repaid later in the form
of yearly savings. The first six years of implementation will cost $255,000. The last three years of
implementation, on the other hand, will save $23,000 in total. Beginning in the 2020-2021 school year,
when SA is climate neutral, we will save $10,500 annually as a result of this plan’s implementation.
$4,977 $7,257 $1,057 $4,984
$207,570
$29,570
-$11,430 -$1,498 -$10,514
Climate Action Plan Annual Cost
35
There are several possible ways to finance the path to climate neutrality. Currently, there is enough
extra room available in the SA budget to finance most, if not all, of the steps called for in the first four
years of implementation. The financing required in the 2015-2016 school year, however, will be
significantly large. The Student Association should finance the 2015-2016 steps in advance by buying
some vans in the years before. For additional funding, SA should investigate matching funding, grants,
loans, and other sources of exterior funding.
Another potential source of funding for this and other campus sustainability projects is a “green fee”.
This is a small student fee – typically $10 or less per student per semester – that is used to fund
environmental projects. More than 100 colleges and universities have implemented such a fee. The idea
of a green fee at UB was suggested this past year. Despite widespread support for the fee within the
student body, the proposal was defeated. In future years, a green fee, contained in the existing fee
structures or created separately, should once again be proposed as a possible source of funding for
campus sustainability projects.
Updates to the Plan
This plan is not meant to be static. Though comprehensive, this document attempts to be flexible. Over
time, many things will change. We can expect that the structure of SA, the conditions at UB, and the
price of various materials and technologies will change over time. The Student Association is particularly
vulnerable to change, as new staff members come in every year.
Small changes will certainly need to be made to this plan as time goes on. Future Climate Neutrality
Directors are at liberty to add, remove, or edit action items as they see fit.
In addition to small scale changes, this plan should periodically undergo larger changes to account for
new situations. Every three years, the Climate Neutrality Director, with the assistance of the Climate
Neutrality Task Force, will be responsible for writing a revised Climate Action Plan. These revised plans
will be completed in the 2013-2014, 2016-2017, and 2019-2020 school years. They should include, but
are not limited to:
Updates on all greenhouse gas measurements, including emissions not originally recorded in the
Climate Action Report
A report on the progress of the plan to date
Revisions of the action items, timelines, budgets, and reductions estimates to account for new
conditions.
If possible, the revised Climate Action Plans should be approved by the Student Association Assembly,
and signed by the President.
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37
Conclusion
The Student Association Climate Action Plan presents us with both a challenge and an opportunity.
Accomplishing climate neutrality will not be easy. To realize our vision, we will need to change the way
we think and act. Some of these changes will come easily; others will be difficult. Many will face
opposition and apathy. Although our path has been mapped before us, there will be numerous setbacks
and countless challenges.
Yet we need not view this undertaking as a struggle. We have a tremendous opportunity, in this
moment, to work towards climate neutrality. When we accomplish this mission, when our vision
becomes a reality, we will have helped our planet, saved money, and inspired others to do likewise.
Perhaps our greatest setback will be doubt. At times, it will appear as if our goals are unobtainable, our
cause hopeless. In these times, we must remember our vision and our hope for the Student Association,
the University at Buffalo, and the planet.
Through the easy and the difficult, we must never forget our purpose. We must always remember what
we can do, what we should do, and what we must do.
With vision, we can, and with persistence, we will.