Duane Degler @ddegler [email protected] Dalia R. Levine @daliawithnoh [email protected] Structure and Metadata: Shortening the OnRamp to Linked Data IA Summit 25 April 2015 designforcontext.com/publicaDons
Jul 25, 2015
Duane Degler @ddegler [email protected]
Dalia R. Levine @daliawithnoh [email protected]
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data
IA Summit 25 April 2015
designforcontext.com/publicaDons
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Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015 2
How do we shorten the on-‐ramp ?
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015 3
About it: Author Dates Format . . .
STUFF About the world
About its rela;onships to other
informa;on
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
“About-‐ness” is more than a pile of keywords
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Subject (a noun)
Object (a noun)
Predicate (a verb)
“ Think about structure in a more disciplined way. ”
Jorge Arango, IA Summit keynote, 2015
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
Business ontology Person ontology EducaFon ontology
More disciplined structures
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Person Organiza;on
Post-‐Grad Degree
University
Qualifica;on
Line of business
Business area
Products
Hobbies
Manager
Works as Has job
role
Has degree
Confers Controls
Operates in
Knows
Makes Valid type of
Prac;ces
Requires
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
Framing
• The web of content, and data, conDnues to grow rapidly
• Search engines are no longer sufficient
• Algorithms alone are not the answer
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Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
Human interpreta;on < > machine interpreta;on
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Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
It’s “automagic” . . . ?
• Machine-‐enhancement
• Text mining, concept extracDon, automated semanDc enrichment
• Metadata and linked data – baked in to our tools
• VisualizaDon
• More possible than ever to do useful things
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Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
Linked Data is a “Next Gen” data standard
card catalog
• LCSH • Dewey Decimal
Collections RDb
RDb
• MARC, CIMI • RDA, Z39.50
XML
• Schemas (e.g., LIDO, Dublin Core, EAD)
RDF
• Ontologies (e.g., CIDOC, BIBFRAME)
OrganizaFon
Structure, math
Independence
Expressiveness
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Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015 Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
Informa(on Architects not only need to use emerging data models, tools, and technologies.
We need to own their effec.ve use to increase the value of informa(on in our care.
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Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015 Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
IA MANIFESTO
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Build on what exists
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
Standing on the shoulders of others
• Don’t start from scratch
• Explore • Standards exist • Domain-‐specific structures and terms exist
• Examples and model pa]erns exist
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Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015 Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
Linked open vocabularies Open Knowledge FoundaDon lov.okfn.org
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Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015 Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
Different types of ontologies
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Upper-‐level
Common
, available vocabu
larie
s
General
Domain
Local
Bridging ontologies
Bridging ontologies
Bridging ontologies
Local
vocabu
larie
s
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
Common language and structure brings added value
If you invent your own ontologies and vocabularies –
SHARE THEM
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Local ontologies
Local
vocabu
larie
s
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015 Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
Increase the value of informa;on
• Build on what exists
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IA MANIFESTO
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
“About-‐ness” is more than a pile of keywords
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Subject (a noun)
Object (a noun)
Predicate (a verb)
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
“Springfield” in GeoNames
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You get more than lat:long. You get data about a place.
geonames.org
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
The Role of Linked Open Data
Bal;more
Rembrandt Peale
R. Peale Museum
Has museum
Founded by
Displays
Roman Daughter
Smithsonian
Displays
D.C.
Has museum
1814 Bakle Flag Displayed
Ft. McHenry
Flew
Has site
Painted
Rubens P. w/Geranium
Displays
NGA
Has museum
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Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
The Role of Linked Open Data
Bal;more
R. Peale Museum
Has museum
Ar;llery memorabilia
Displayed
Pakerson Park
Has site
Site of
Volunteer Arch. Dig
Bal;more Heritage
Organizes
Has event
April 25th
On date
Find
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Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
Business ontology Person ontology EducaFon ontology
More disciplined structures
21
Person Organiza;on
Post-‐Grad Degree
University
Qualifica;on
Line of business
Business area
Products
Hobbies
Manager
Works as Has job
role
Has degree
Confers Controls
Operates in
Knows
Makes Valid type of
Prac;ces
Requires
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015 Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015 22
Encourage understanding and knowledge-‐building
• Build on what exists • Increase the value of informaDon
IA MANIFESTO
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
Knowledge-‐building
• Interconnected informaDon
• ConnecDng disparate concepts and re-‐forming them in new ways
• Insights emerge over Dme – longitudinal
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Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
Domain-‐specific: Bri;sh Museum
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Biographic
Bibliographic
Produc;on
Title Subject
Collec;on & Rights Inscrip;on
Material Event
Acquisi;on
Dimension
Visual Representa;on
Modifica;on
Object
CIDOC-‐CRM ontology
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
Understanding
• Foster new insights • Synthesize informaDon
• Surface pa]erns • Clear idenDty of a thing allows relaDonships to be drawn from mulDple perspecDves
• Shared understanding
• World view
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Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015 Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015 26
Respond to context
• Build on what exists • Increase the value of informaDon • Encourage understanding and knowledge-‐building
IA MANIFESTO
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015 Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
Relevance is informed by the user’s situaFon and intenFons
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I am… • In a place • Focused on a Dme period
• With certain people
• Among devices
• Engaged in events • Responding to expectaDons • Bound by policies / rules
I need… now! I’m
planning for…
Dynamic IA: Flexible Design for Linked [Open] Data and Emerging Technologies, IA Summit 23 April 2015 27
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015 28
I know what I want to
find
I know my direct window on the web
Profile & Context model
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
Model what you know in a consistent way
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SITU
ATION SIGNAL
S SITU
ATION SIGNALS
LocaDon
Co-‐occurring events
Date / Dme
CondiDons
Devices / connecDvity SITU
ATION SIGNAL
S USE
R SIGNAL
S Usage pa]erns
Experience
Interests / profile
History
Community
CONTENT SIGN
ALS
Link relaDonships
Text pa]erns
Categories / keywords
Metadata
TASK
SIGNAL
S Outcomes / goals
Rules / requirements
CriDcality
Sequence / status
Frequency for user
From: “SupporDng Relevance for Users”, D.Degler, SemTechBiz 6.2013 h]p://www.designforcontext.com/publicaDons/supporDng-‐relevance-‐for-‐users
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015 Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015 30
Be serious about the data in your care
• Build on what exists • Increase the value of informaDon • Encourage understanding and knowledge-‐building • Respond to context
IA MANIFESTO
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
Balance the human and the machine
• Humans describe stuff, both formally and informally… can help
• Metadata capture by all systems in an ecosystem… can help
• Technology idenDfies descripDve aspects… can help
YOU create an environment for synthesis and meaning-‐making
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Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
Responsibility
• To people
• To informaDon integrity
• To meaning
• To the future
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Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015 Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015 33
Architecture mind-set
Information discipline
Dynamic design sense
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015 Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data @daliawithnoh @ddegler #IAS15 25 April 2015
• Build on what exists • Increase the value of informaDon
• Encourage understanding and knowledge-‐building
• Respond to context • Be serious about the data in your care
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IA MANIFESTO
Duane Degler @ddegler [email protected]
Dalia R. Levine @daliawithnoh [email protected]
Structure and Metadata: Shortening the On-‐Ramp to Linked Data
IA Summit 25 April 2015
designforcontext.com/publicaDons
35