Undergraduates: Sara Al-Otaibi + David Potter Category: Engineering and Technology Degree Level: Candidates for Bachelor of Science in Architecture 2014 Abstract ID# 409 ENERGY DISTRIBUTION PHOTOVOLTAIC UNIT SECTION PROGRAMMATIC UNIT PHOTOVOLTAIC UNIT This project investigates the design of structural and performative facades as a means to limit requirements for internal building structure and systems. This enables a building to be more easily adaptable to future program changes, and improves the lifespan resilience of the architecture. Typical building structures and facade systems do not integrate with site eco-systems. This investigation studies how aggregating modules of structural solar collecting walls can passively heat the building through the recirculation of solar-heated rainwater, thus integrating the architecture into the environmental milieu. This method challenges typical building construction, favoring the integration of structure, envelope, and climate to optimize resiliency in functionality, performance, flexibility, and energy use. INNOVATING RESILIENT STRUCTURES 2’ 1’ 6’ 1’ 4’ 1’ 4’ 1’ 6’ 1’ 2’ 1’ 2’ 1’ 6’ 1’ 4’ 1’ 4’ 1’ 6’ 1’ 2’ 1’ 10’ 2’ 8’ 10’ 10’ 10’ 2’ 8’ 10’ 10’ 10’ 10’ 10’ 10’ 1’ 8’ 1’ 1’ 8’ 1’ ENERGY STAR TARGET FINDER - https://www.energystar.gov/buildings/tools-and-resources/target-finder NORBERT LECHNER - Heating, Cooling, Lighting: Sustainable Design Methods for Architects PV WATTS - http://rredc.nrel.gov/solar/calculators/PVWATTS/version1/ ENERGY EQUIVALENCY http://www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-resources/calculator.html#results Faculty Recognition: Michael LeBlanc, David Fannon, Michelle Laboy, Ivan Rupnik, and Dan Adams Single-Pane Low E Coated Glazing Copper Flow Tubes Absorber Plate Rigid Foam Insulation Structural Precast Concrete Unit STRUCTURAL PERFORMATIVE FACADE PHOTOHYDRONIC UNIT Single-Pane Low E Coated Glazing Front Contacts N/P - Type Semiconductors Solar PV Housing Air Gap Structural Precast Concrete Unit Rigid Foam Insulation UNIT AGGREGATION RESILIENCE BY USE ADAPTABILITY RESILIENCE BY STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE TIME CAPITAL COSTS 1988 1998 2008 2018 2028 2038 SPACE PLAN 5 - 7 YRS SERVICES 15 - 20 YRS STRUCTURE 50 YRS TRADITIONAL VIEW OF BUILDING COSTS TYPICAL STRUCTURE SOLAR COLLECTING WALLS CUMULATIVE OVER 50 YEARS STRUCTURE SERVICES SPACE PLAN PROBLEM SIMPLE OVERLAPPING maximized fenestration SOLAR ANGLED maximized solar angle CLUSTERED programmatic + performative SOURCES CONCEPT HOT WATER RADIANT HEATING VENTILATION PHOTOVOLTAIC PHOTOHYDRONIC 1,403 kWh per unit 3,170 kWh per unit SAWTOOTH VARIATION performance + daylight PV FACADE 19% 51% 16% 24% PH FACADE PV ROOF PH ROOF PER UNIT ACRES SAVED PER UNIT PH ACRES SAVED 2 ACRES 1 ACRE By integrating structural and facade systems, the interior building space is cleared of walls, columns, and cores that typically divide spaces. By integrating structural and thermal systems, the building harnesses solar energy, converting it to electricity, and heating. Rigid Foam Insulation Absorber Plate Copper Hydronic Piping Single-Pane Low E Coated Glazing Pre-cast Reinforced Concrete SCW Redistribution of Heated Water Through Radiant Heating System STRUCTURAL PERFORMATIVE FACADE maximum flexibility TYPICAL CONSTRUCTION columns and core VS