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Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
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Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

Sep 06, 2018

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Page 1: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

Stratospheric

Ozone

Depletion

Page 2: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

• Ozone: 3 oxygen atoms in

stratosphere that absorbs UV radiation

• Protects us from UV B and UVC

radiation: sunburns and cancer

Page 3: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

Strat. O3 Formed?

O2 + UV (light) O + O

O + O2 Stratospheric O3

O3 + UV O + O2

**The Cycle Continues**

Page 4: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

With your partner,

describe the series

of chemical

reactions just

presented to you!

Then, switch!

Page 5: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

Cause of Ozone

Depletion

•Chlorofluorocarbons, CFC’s:

Cpds w/ Cl, F, & C

Page 6: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone
Page 7: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone
Page 8: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone
Page 9: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone
Page 10: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

Very stable not rained out from

troposphere, traveled up into

stratosphere.

Page 11: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

DuPont gave them the

brand name Freon

Page 12: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

Disposal of

CFC’s

• Currently a problem…old fridges, AC’s,

and Styrofoam still contain CFCs!

Page 13: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

• UV rays broke down CFC’s so Cl-

interacted w/ O3: Cl- + O3 ClO + O2

• 1 Cl- can break down 1000’s of O3

molecules. (Br- also)

CFC’s in Stratosphere

Page 14: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

• Rowland and Molina (1974)- UCI

• Chlorine atoms are removed

from CFCl3 by UV light

• CFCl3 + UV -------> CFCl2 + Cl

• Cl + O3 --------> ClO + O2

• 2ClO + UV -------> 2Cl + O2

I guess there is a reason to

go to UCI…!

Page 15: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

Rowland

and Molina

Page 16: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone
Page 17: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

No hole…just thinning (40-70%) of

O3 layer over Antarctica

Page 18: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone
Page 19: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone
Page 20: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

Why Antarctica?

• In Antarctic winter icy clouds

form sites for CFCs to react and

produce Cl2 atoms

• Cl2 stay attached to clouds until

spring

• In spring, ice crystals melt,

releasing Cl2 into air react to

remove O3

Page 21: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

Largest hole during

Antarctic spring

Page 22: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

Skin Cancer!

Effects of Ozone Depletion

Page 23: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

Cataracts (blindness)

increases

Effects of Ozone Depletion

Page 24: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

Effects of Ozone Depletion

Amphibian egg

mutation

Effects of Ozone Depletion

Page 25: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

Reduction in crop productivity

Effects of Ozone Depletion

Page 26: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

Mutates/ kills phytoplankton

(base of aquatic food chain)

Effects of Ozone Depletion

Page 27: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

Effects of Ozone Depletion

More UV radiation in will melt

polar ice caps.

Page 28: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

Protecting Ozone Layer

• 1978 - U.S. banned use of CFC’s

• 1987 - Montreal Protocol: gradually

phased out use of CFC’s

Page 29: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone
Page 30: Stratospheric Ozone Depletion - Willis' Sciencewillisscience.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Ozone_Thinning... · Effects of Ozone Depletion Amphibian egg mutation Effects of Ozone

Alternatives

HFCs: Hydrofluorocarbons: No Cl!

Groundwater pollutant as it breaks

down