1 Hadean (4500 to 3800 Ma) Archaean (3800 to 2500 Ma) Neoproterozoic (900 to 543 Ma) Vendian (650 to 543 Ma) Mesoproterozoic (1600 to 900 Ma) Paleoproterozoic (2500 to 1600 Ma) Proterozoic Era (2500 to 543 Ma) Precambrian Time (4,500 to 543 Ma) Permian (290 to 248 Ma) Carboniferous (354 to 290 Ma) Pennsylvanian (323 to 290 Ma) Mississippian (354 to 323 Ma) Devonian (417 to 354 Ma) Silurian (443 to 417 Ma) Ordovician (490 to 443 Ma) Cambrian (543 to 490 Ma) Tommotian (530 to 527 Ma) Paleozoic Era (543 to 248 Ma) Cretaceous (144 to 65 Ma) Jurassic (206 to 144 Ma) Triassic (248 to 206 Ma) Mesozoic Era (248 to 65 Ma) Quaternary (1.8 Ma to today) Holocene (10,000 a to today) Pleistocene (1.8 Ma to 10,000 a) Tertiary (65 to 1.8 Ma) Pliocene (5.3 to 1.8 Ma) Miocene (23.8 to 5.3 Ma) Oligocene (33.7 to 23.8 Ma) Eocene (54.8 to 33.7 Ma) Paleocene (65 to 54.8 Ma) Cenozoic Era (65 Ma to today) Phanerozoic Eon (543 Ma to present)
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Hadean(4500 to 3800 Ma)
Archaean(3800 to 2500 Ma)
Neoproterozoic (900 to 543 Ma)Vendian (650 to 543 Ma)
Mesoproterozoic (1600 to 900 Ma)Paleoproterozoic (2500 to 1600 Ma)
Proterozoic Era(2500 to 543 Ma)
Precambrian Time(4,500 to 543 Ma)
Permian (290 to 248 Ma)Carboniferous (354 to 290 Ma)
Pennsylvanian (323 to 290 Ma) Mississippian (354 to 323 Ma)
Devonian (417 to 354 Ma)Silurian (443 to 417 Ma)Ordovician (490 to 443 Ma)Cambrian (543 to 490 Ma)
Tommotian (530 to 527 Ma)
Paleozoic Era(543 to 248 Ma)
Cretaceous (144 to 65 Ma)Jurassic (206 to 144 Ma)Triassic (248 to 206 Ma)
Mesozoic Era(248 to 65 Ma)
Quaternary (1.8 Ma to today)Holocene (10,000 a to today)Pleistocene (1.8 Ma to 10,000 a)
Tertiary (65 to 1.8 Ma)Pliocene (5.3 to 1.8 Ma)Miocene (23.8 to 5.3 Ma)Oligocene (33.7 to 23.8 Ma)Eocene (54.8 to 33.7 Ma)Paleocene (65 to 54.8 Ma)
Cenozoic Era(65 Ma to today)
Phanerozoic Eon(543 Ma to present)
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Physiographic divisions of India
Generalised classification and correlation of Archaean and LowerProterozoic Formations of India (Sarkar, 1980, 81; Sarkar & Saha 1982)
Dharwar (South India)
Eastern Ghats Central India Singhbhum Orissa
Aravalli Bundelkhand
Closepet Granite (2000 – 2380)
Dongargarh Granite (2200)
Mayurbhanj Granite (2000 – 2100)
Nandgaon Group (2200)
Dhanjori Group (2100 – 2200)
Sakoli Sausar Groups
Singhbhum Gangpur Groups
Aravalli Group
Dharwar Supergroup
Amgaon Group (2500)
Bundelkhand Gneiss (2500)
Charnockite “Series” (2600)
Banded Gneissic Complex
Peninsular Gneissic Complex (2600 – 2950)
Singbhum Granite (2950)
Sargur Khondalite “Series” (3000)
Iron Ore Group
Older Metamorphic Group (3200)
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Distribution of Archaean rocks in India
Proterozoic Formations of Indian PeninsulaProterozoic Era has been divided into three units
Coarse feldspathic, micaceous and cross beded sst. Thin beds of shales & clay beds
Raniganj Fm (~1000 m)
U Permian Kulti Fm. Barren Measures) (~500 m) Barakar Fm. (~1700 m)
Damuda Group: cyclic succession of conglomerate, grits, sst., black shales, shale beds; coal seams < 5m & laterally discontinuous (in some basins ~40 m; total coal seam thickness ~5% of total thickness of rock succession
Karharbari Fm.
Sst., grits, conglomerate, coal, shale
Low
er
Gon
dwan
a
L Permian
Talchir Fm. Upliftment
Geographic distribution of the continents during the Paleogene Period (50.2 Ma)
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Geographic distribution of the continents during the Neogene Period (14 Ma)
Geographic distribution of the continents during the Quaternary Period (18 Ka)