1 Strategy and Tips for Writing a High Quality Research Paper Presented by: Mary Nishikawa, MA, ELS Editor and Trainer, Academia Cactus Communications K.K. Lecturer Introduction 2 Understanding the concerns researchers and academics have and helping them publish in top SCI journals such as Science and Cell Board Certified Editor Trainer, Academia Over 25 years of experience in the review, editing, and rewriting of biomedical research reports
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Strategy and Tips forWriting a High Quality ResearchPaper
Presented by:Mary Nishikawa, MA, ELS
Editor and Trainer, AcademiaCactus Communications K.K.
Lecturer Introduction
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Understanding the concerns researchers andacademics have and helping them publish intop SCI journals such as Science and Cell
Board Certified EditorTrainer, AcademiaOver 25 years of experience in the review,editing, and rewriting of biomedicalresearch reports
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Aims of seminar
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• Pay attention to key sections for getting published
• Write a high quality paper, by knowing
– What to include and leave out in theintroduction, methods, results and discussionsections
You will learn how to
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You will learnWhat to includeand leave out
of your paper
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The title
What to include
The study type, method, or technique
Main subject
Main verb, if the title is describing results
Titles should include
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The title
What to leave out!
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Common error:Unessential wordsincluded, essential wordsmissing in a title!
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Scenario 1
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A few remarks on the ICborder-area trade andconditions related to theprogression of the ICborder trade
What’s the problem?
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Includes an acronym
Repeats words orphrases
Includes non essentialphrases
Uses wordy phrases
A few remarks on the ICborder-area trade andconditions related to theprogression of the ICborder trade
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Write out acronym “IC”
Delete repetitive word: “bordertrade”
Delete non essential phrase: “Afew remarks on”
Revise wordy phrase “related tothe progression of ” to“progress”
Add method
A few remarks on the ICborder-area trade andconditions related to theprogression of the ICborder trade
Solution Original
ImprovedRecent progress of India-China border trade: A surveyof world economists
Scenario 2
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Assessing the effect of Xon the cardiac musclesof the white-headedcapuchin monkeyCebus capucinus
What’s the problem?
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Includes a non essentialphrase “assessing theeffect of
Includes two words thatmean the same thing
Assessing the effect of Xon the cardiac musclesof the white-headedcapuchin monkeyCebus capucinus
Scenario 2
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Revising wordy phrase“Assessing the effect of” to“induces”
Delete word with samemeaning: “white-headedcapuchin monkey ”
Assessing the effect of X onthe cardiac musclesof the white-headedcapuchin monkeyCebus capucinus
infection in humans.” Ludwig et al. Respiratory Research 2013, 14:124
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Use the present tense
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When reporting facts or general information
• “Currently, there is no single standard method for
measuring the surface permeability …” DOI:
10.1080/21650020.2014.893200
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Use the present tense
When explaining what a “thing” does
• The computer model provides
• The formula assesses
• This report describes
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Use the present tense
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When informing your readers
• Prior research has shown…
• “A number of studies have used surface infiltrationtesting to quantify the hydrologic performance ofpermeable pavement systems.” DOI: 10.1080/21650020.2014.893200
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Use the present perfect tense
When informing your readers
• Prior research has shown…
• “Recent research has examined lighting variables of
color temperature, and illumination for affecting sleep,
mood, focus, motivation, concentration, and work and
school performance.” DOI: 10.1177/2158244012445585
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Use the present perfect tense
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When informing your readers
“…several authors have suggested that training is most
extensive only in establishments which operate in complex
Table I. Rates of joining the newly formed professional group duringthe first round of an e-mail drive, according to type of e-mail sent.
*Impersonal, “Dear colleague”; personal, “Dear Name of Person”; andPressure, “Dear Name of person” plus pressure message: “The section willonly succeed with a sufficient number of members”;†N =number of people.
Title includesspecificinformation
N is identifiedas number ofpeople in footer
E-mail typesare described inthe footer
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Report data in one place,table, figure or text
Remove unnecessaryfigures and place data intable or text
Don’t forget units,identify acronyms, andplace details in footer
Remember, when writing results…
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Now what wasthat?
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Discussion section
What to include
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The discussion
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• Interprets key findings• Considers possible mechanisms, if applicable
• Relates key findings to previous research
• States limitations or unexpected findings
• Describes implications and generalizability offindings
Adapted from CONSORT 2010 Explanation and ElaborationBMJ 2010;340:c869. Annals of Internal Medicine recommendation.
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Discussion: Verb tense
Present tense – conclusionWe can conclude that men withhigh blood pressure have a 10%higher risk of CV disease…
Dr. EddyTM personifies our efforts to support authors with good publication practices.He can be found at Editage Insights Japan http://www.editage.jp/insights/