D.M.A.P. Dissanayake P.G.N. Ishani P.K.K.S. Gunarathna R. A .D. Ranawaka Strategies to prevent evading from Rubber planting: Introducing Gliricidia as a Fuelwood in Smallholder Rubber Lands of Sri Lanka Rubber Research Institute of Sri Lanka J.K.S. Sankalpa Priyani Seneviratne Wasana Wijesuriya
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D.M.A.P. Dissanayake
P.G.N. Ishani
P.K.K.S. Gunarathna
R. A .D. Ranawaka
Strategies to prevent evading from Rubber planting:
Introducing Gliricidia as a Fuelwood in Smallholder
Rubber Lands of Sri Lanka
Rubber Research Institute of Sri Lanka
J.K.S. Sankalpa
Priyani Seneviratne
Wasana Wijesuriya
• Total Natural Forest Lands in Sri Lanka – 163,000 ha
• Forest Department – 90,000 ha
• Wildlife Conservation Department – 70,000 ha
• Isolated forest patches (State agencies and private) – 3000 ha
• Wood - one of the main source of energy (39%) used by
• Domestic sector – for cooking purposes - (78% of country’s
population)
• Industries - for thermal applications
- Sourced from
• Home gardens and plantations
• Trees outside Natural Forest areas
• By products of wood processing
Introduction
Threat :
On Natural Forests due to unsustainable and illegal sourcing of wood
Objectives
• To assure,
– Sustainable Management of State forest resources
– Regulated multiple usage of natural forests
– Rehabilitation of degraded forest lands
– Encouraging tree growing by rural people
– Allowing responsibility for production and marketing of
commercial forest products by rural people
Sri Lanka Sustainable Energy Authority
Promoting - Production and use of Biomass across the nation
Project – Biomass Energy Production
Objectives
Manage under
1. Community Fuelwood Plantations
2. Regional Plantation Companies
3. NGOs and CBOs
4. Fuelwood Research and Nurseries
5. Government Institutions
• Forest Department
• Coconut Cultivation Board
• Rubber Research Institute
Total Land Area – 1066 ha
Fuelwood Plantations
Eucalyptus sp.
Community Fuelwood Plantations
Objectives
Regional Plantation Companies
Eucalyptus sp. Acacia sp.
Calliandra sp.
Objectives
NGOs and CBOs
Gliricidia
Fuelwood Research and Nurseries
Acacia sp.
Eucalyptus sp.
Government Institutions
Khaya senegalensis Eucalyptus grandis
Forest Department
Coconut Cultivation Board
• Due to low rubber prices prevailing in the country:
– Tendency to abandon rubber cultivations
– Some have evaded from rubber cultivation
– Serious dip in rubber production
– Replanting and new planting reduced by 59% and 80%
respectively in past 5 years
Objective/s
• Building a strategy to prevent evading from rubber cultivation;
Rubber Research Institute
Pilot project - 2017
– Introduce Gliricidia as a fuelwood to improve income states of
rubber farmers
– Benefit the process of power generation as biomass energy
– Indirectly reduce the threat of felling forest trees
Gliricidia only (1 m x 1 m) 8000 plants/ha
At different stages …
At different stages …
Gliricidia - Pepper (2.5 m x 2.5 m)
(1700 /ha) (1700/ha)
Rubber - Gliricidia
1) 8’ x 27’ / 2.5 m x 8 m
2) 8’ x 40’ / 2.5 m x 12 m
3) 8’ x 60’ / 2.5 m x 18 m
Gliricidia plants
2500/ha
Gliricidia plants
5000/ha
Gliricidia plants
6500/ha
Rubber Spacing
At different stages …
Rubber – Gliricidia - Pepper
1) 8’ x 27’ / 2.5 m x 8 m
2) 8’ x 40’ / 2.5 m x 12 m
3) 8’ x 60’ / 2.5 m x 18 m
Gliricidia & Pepper plants
500/ha
Gliricidia & Pepper plants
1000/ha
Gliricidia & Pepper plants
1125/ha
Rubber Spacing
Objectives
Demographic Characteristics
• Expected extent under the project – 100 ha
• Extent under the project at present – 75 ha
• Total number of farmers involved – 102
• Average land size of farmers – 2.9 ha
• Average extent (under the project) – 1.0 ha
• Experience of farmers (Over 10 years) – 64%
• Majority of lands under the project – 1-2 ha(46%)