Strategic Petroleum Reserves India

B. PrasadChartered Engineer

[email protected]

Why ISRL ?with a view to country’s high dependence on imported crude oil, volatility of oil prices in the international market and political instability, the Indian Government appointed Indian Strategic Petroleum Reserves Limited (ISPRL).

Indian Strategic Petroleum Reserve ISPR

ISPRL , Indian Strategic Petroleum Reserves Limited Subsidiary of –Oil Industry Development Board (OIDB). Consultant-Engineers India Limited (EIL).The crude oil storages are in underground

rock caverns and are located on the east and west coasts so that they are readily accessible to the refining sector. EIL engaged foreign backup consultants (FBC) with the experience in underground rock caverns. 

Project major job

Creation of the largest underground cavities in the country

22 million tons of hard rock excavation. 30 kms. of tunnelling 12 km of tunnels have dimensions of approx..

30m height and 20m width.

Strategic storage of crude oil Location Capacity (MMT) COST (CRORE) Vishakhapatnam 1.33 Rs.1178.35 Mangalore 1.5 Rs 1227 Padur 2.5 Rs 1693TOTAL 5.33 Rs 4098.35Note: It can hold 13 days of India’s crude stock

requirement. The International Energy Agency (IEA) actually

recommends 90 days. Proposed site :Padur, Chandikhol (Odisha), Bikaner

(Rajasthan) and Rajkot (Gujarat) Capacity : 12.5MMT

2nd phase crude-oil storage proposed

PROGRESS

Project LocationCumulative Physical Progress in  % (as of end August, 2015

Visakhapatnam 100Mangalore 99.53Padur 97.28

Ref:http://www.isprlindia.com/aboutus-2.asp

A typical process scheme of crude cavern

1.Visakhapatnam

Capacity of Storage :1.03 MMT (7.55 MMbbl)Approved cost 1.33MMT :Rs.1178.35 crores Commencement of construction :January, 2008Land area in Acres :67No of compartments :2Capacity of compartments in MMT

1 20.30 1.03(HPCL) (ISPRL)

Contractor for UG works :HCCContractor for AG works :IOTIESLCommissioned in :June 2015Foreign consultant :SWECO of Sweden

Visakhapatnam Underground Facilities 

Site comprises of five parallel caverns Three 840 meter long and two 320 meter long. Each cavern width is 20 meters with a maximum

height of 30 m Total tunnelling facility is 7 km Hard rock excavation is approx. 19 lakh cubic

meters. The borehole drilling for water curtains is

approx. 17 km.

2. Mangalore

Capacity of Storage :1.5 MMT (11 MMbbl) Approved cost 1.5MMT :Rs.1227 crores Commencement of construction :April, 2009 Land area in Acres :104.73 No of compartments :2 Capacity of compartments in MMT 1 2 0.75 0.75 Contractor for UG works :SKEC-KCT JV Contractor for AG works :PUNJ LLOYD Commissioned (target) :Feb. 2016 Foreign consultant :Geostock of France

Mangalore Underground Facilities  Four parallel caverns, two of them are 913 m

long and two are 873 m long. The cavern width is 20 m with a maximum

height of 31m The total tunnelling including shafts of

Mangalore facility exceeds 9.2 km.

Padur

Capacity of Storage :2.50 MMT (18.37 MM bbl) Approved cost 2.5MMT :Rs.1693 crores Commencement of construction :May, 2010 Land area in Acres :179.21 No of compartments :4 Capacity of compartments in MMT 1 2 3 4 0.625 0.625 0.625 0.625 Contractor for UG works : HCC & SKEC-KCT JV Contractor for pipe line : IL & FS Contractor for AG works : Linde Engg Commission (target) : April 2016 Foreign consultant :SWECO of Sweden for spot

assistance

Padur Underground Facilities 

The largest cavern crude reserve of these three strategic reserves in the country.

comprises 8 parallel caverns, six of them 700 m long and two are 656 m long.

The cavern width is 20 m with a maximum height of 31.40 m

Aboveground Facilities

DCS, Metering skids and instrumentation Hot oil circulation system including boilers & heat

exchangers Diesel/Fuel oil storage facilities Flare system Nitrogen system Effluent Treatment Plant Electrical substation, switchyard and distribution

system Standby Generator Compressed Air Supply System

Global crude reserves

THE US: the first crude reserve, 37 days of oil at 2013 daily US consumption levels of 18.49 million barrels per day.

The crude reserve is stored at four sites in the Gulf of Mexico, each located near a major centre of petrochemical refining and processing

Japan:  the second crude reserve, capacity of close to 600 million barrels. The Japanese SPR is run by the Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation.

China: . 90 days of consumption or a total of 684 million barrels.

European Union:  All 27 members must have a strategic petroleum reserve within the territory of the E.U. equal to at least 90 days average daily internal consumption.

India and Other reserves

Oil produced and import in India

Trend of demand supply gap in the Indian petroleum industry. Source: Indian Petroleum

TOTAL PRODUCTION OF CRUDE OIL IN WORLD

Approximately the world produces 72 million barrels per day. (7.33 barrels make one tonne)

Import of crude oil in India

India extracts approximately 20 million barrels per month. It is not sufficient to meet domestic demand. India import around 50 to 60 million barrels of crude oil per month.

Refining of crude oil in India

India has more refining capacity than the domestic demand. The excess refining capacity is used to export petroleum products to the countries

India with its refining capacity of 184.4 MT in 2009-10

THE POSITION OF INDIA WITH REGARD TO CRUDE OIL

India ranks among the top 4th largest oil-consuming country. Oil accounts for about 30 per cent of India's total energy . The country's total oil consumption is about 3.65 million

barrels per day.

Typical Production from crude

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