Stoichiometry and the Mole 2020.notebook 1 February 25, 2020 Jan 299:53 AM Unit 8: Stoichiometry and The Mole Aim: To find the specific quantity of a substance, in moles, that reacts or is produced by analyzing an equation. Jan 2710:43 AM What is a mole anyway?
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Stoichiometry and the Mole 2020.notebook
1
February 25, 2020
Jan 299:53 AM
Unit 8: Stoichiometry and The Mole
Aim: To find the specific quantity of a substance, in moles, that reacts or is produced by analyzing an equation.
Jan 2710:43 AM
What is a mole anyway?
Stoichiometry and the Mole 2020.notebook
2
February 25, 2020
Jan 2710:43 AM
Avogadro's Hypothesis
• 1 mole = 6.02 x 1023 particles
What is a mole in Chemistry?
Mole: a unit that measures a specific quantity of particles (atoms, molecules, ions).
If we distributed 6.02 x 1023 dollars among the entire population of the planet each person would still have approximately 89 trillion dollars to spend.
Jan 2710:43 AM
Why do we use moles?• We can use the mole to count the EXACT particles of a substance BECAUSE...
H
O
H
• 1 mole = 6.02 x 1023 particles (molecules, atoms or ions)AND• 1 mole = 22.4 liters of any gas at STPAND• 1 mole = the gram‐formula mass for a substance, in grams. (GFM depends upon the formula of the substance)
• The mole allows us to measure EXACT quantities of atoms or molecules in a lab.
This has allowed scientists to confirm that the total number of atoms are conserved during all chemical reactions.
Stoichiometry and the Mole 2020.notebook
3
February 25, 2020
Jan 299:53 AM
• In chemical equations, the coefficients will NOW represent the number of MOLES of each reactant or product.
2 H2 + O2 à 2 H2O
• Stoichiometry uses the ratios of coefficients in a balanced chemical equation to determine the theoretical amount of a substance that reacts or is produced.
• Using the coefficients, mole ratios can be established.
Stoichiometry and Coefficient Ratios
Jan 299:53 AM
2.5 cups flour + 3 tbsp sugar à 12 cupcakes
a. How many cups of flour are needed to make 48 cupcakes?
b. What amount of nitrogen gas is needed to produce 6 moles of ammonia, NH3?
N2 + 3 H2 à 2 NH3
Example 1
Example 2
Balanced Equations are the "recipes" of Chemistry
a.How many moles of hydrogen are needed to react with 2 moles of nitrogen?
b. How many cupcakes can be made with 40 tbsp of sugar and unlimited flour?
Stoichiometry and the Mole 2020.notebook
4
February 25, 2020
Mar 611:31 AM
1. Given this equation: N2 + 3 H2 à 2 NH3
a. Write the mole ratio between N2 and NH3 in the equation. (Hint: this is the ratio of the coefficients from the balanced equation)
b. Write the mole ratio between N2 and H2 in the equation.
c. Write the mole ratio between H2 and NH3 in the equation.
d. Solve: If 5 moles of nitrogen gas react with excess hydrogen gas, how many moles of NH3 would be produced?
Mar 612:18 PM
2. Given this equation: 8 H2 + S8 à 8 H2S
If you had 1.5 moles of S8, how many moles of H2 would you need to react completely?
Stoichiometry and the Mole 2020.notebook
5
February 25, 2020
Jan 299:53 AM
b. Suppose you had 20 moles of H2 and plenty of O2 to react, how many moles of H2O could you make?
3. Given the reaction: 2 H2 + O2 à 2 H2O
a. What is the mole ratio between hydrogen and water?
c. What is the mole ratio between oxygen and water?
d. Suppose you had 20 moles of O2 and enough H2, how many moles of H2O could be made?
b. If 10 moles of NH3 were produced, how many moles of N2 would be required?
4. Given the reaction: N2 + 3 H2 à 2 NH3
a. If you used 1 mole of N2, how many moles of NH3 could be produced?
c. If 3.00 moles of H2 were used, how many moles of NH3 would be produced?
d. If 0.600 moles of NH3 were produced, how many moles of H2 reacted?
Related Documents
