Stock Market CRASH! • The 1920’s were ROARING • Buying lots of luxury items • Buying on credit • Risky financial investments- lots of people bought stock with money borrowed from the bank • Black Tuesday- October 29, 1929 • There was panic and people wanted to sell their stock, but nobody wanted to buy it, so prices plummeted • People panic and go to pull money out of the banks, but banks don’t have enough cash https:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=0rKP HKmNJrc
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Stock Market CRASH! - Issaquah Connect · Stock Market CRASH! •The 1920’s were ROARING •Buying lots of luxury items •Buying on credit •Risky financial investments- lots
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Stock Market CRASH!• The 1920’s were ROARING
• Buying lots of luxury items
• Buying on credit
• Risky financial investments- lots of people bought stock with money borrowed from the bank
• Black Tuesday- October 29, 1929• There was panic and people wanted to sell their stock, but nobody wanted to
buy it, so prices plummeted
• People panic and go to pull money out of thebanks, but banks don’t have enough cash
• There was a severe drought in central United States which meant that farmers were not able to grow their crops
• Additional winds led to an intense dust bowl which further hurt farmers (crops and livestock) and made living dangerous
• People needed jobs, so they decided to move West towards Oregon and Washington to try find work, but many only found temporary work because of the Great Depression
• Many workers felt that the New Deal should help them more than it was doing
• Congress passed the National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act)• Gave workers the right to unionize and to strike
• More workers join unions because they feel protected
• The American Federation of Labor (AFL) was a major union at the time, but the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) split off and made their own union
• AFL and CIO fought over who would represent which groups of workers. Both wanted workers to join their unions
Indian Reorganization Act
• John Collier was the head of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and believed that the Dawes Act and the attempt to “Americanize” Native Americans was unfair and wrong
• He helped get the Indian Reorganization Act passed which repealed the Dawes Act and encouraged Native Americans to return to tribal governments and ways of life
WWII• 1939- United States is emerging from the Great Depression
and recovering
• WWII fully pulled the US out of the Depression
• USA stays out of the war at first while fighting happens in Europe• Hitler wanted to “cleanse” Europe of inferior people, especially Jews• Hitler sent millions of Jews to concentration camps where they were
killed or died
• United States enters the war after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941
• Allied Powers- Great Britain, France, Soviet Union, United States
• Axis Powers- Germany, Italy, Japan
Washington’s Economy during WWII
• The United States’ economy grew and thrived during the war because of the war-time jobs that were created
• Washington was a shipping center for many supplies
• Industries in Washington boomed• Aluminum was used to build planes
• Shipbuilding in Washington and the Pacific-Northwest grew
• Boeing hired tons of workers to build war planes
• Hanford Site
Hanford
• Hanford was chosen as the site for the Manhattan Project research facility because the location war remote which allowed for privacy and kept the public safe from radiation. They could also use power from the Grand Coulee Dam and water from the Columbia River
• They produced plutonium at the facility, which was used to make the atom bomb
• Hanford was a “mystery city” because they wanted to keep the project a secret
• There are still issues with Hanford today because of the radiation and toxic waste
Japanese-American Relocation
• FDR signed Executive Order 9066 on March 2, 1942
• Ordered all people of Japanese ancestry to relocate to internment camps in the United States
• They did this because they were worried that Japanese Americans were spying or helping the Japanese during the war
• They had to leave their homes, friends, pets, belongings, etc. and many faced harsh circumstances after the war as well
End of WWII
• President Harry Truman decided to drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima• 70,000 civilians were killed, but they did not surrender right away
• A few days later, he dropped another bomb on Nagasaki• They decided to surrender, ending the war
Social Change
• African-Americans• Increase in African-American population in Seattle• Racial discrimination• Many were homeless or living in less than ideal conditions
• Mexicans• The Bracero Program allowed Mexican men to come to the United States to work on farms• Brought Mexican-Americans to the Northwest• More Latinos, but many face discrimination
• Women• Women had a bigger role because they had participated in helping during WWI and WWII• Women were expected to quit their jobs after the wars to give them back to men though• Women were more motivated to fight for their rights and challenge the traditional roles of