Stock Assessment Form Demersal species Reference Year: 2016 Reporting Year: 2017 Stock Assessment of cuttlefish in the Italian, Croatian and Slovenian fleets exploit cuttlefish with several gears: otter trawls, rapido trawl and set gears (trammel, nets, pots and fyke nets). More than 95% of catches come from the Italian side Landings fluctuated between 2,000 and 9,000 t in the period 1972-2016. Fishery independent data collected in the framework of SoleMon survey show a decrease of relative abundance and biomass from 2006 to 2010 followed by slightly higher values in the remaining period and fluctuating between the empirical thresholds of the 66 th and 33 rd percentiles. CMSY production model and estimates from Length-Frequency data from the Italian commercial fleets using Beverton and Holt 1996 formula, showed that the exploitation slightly below FMSY in CMSY model and above the M in the second model. In both cases, the biomass is below safe biological limits (BMSY or proxies). The harvest rate (catches/biomass a proxy of F) using the SoleMon survey as biomass index has been estimated and an empirical reference point was also used.
43
Embed
Stock Assessment Form Demersal species...at depths from 50 to 60 m. During the warmer part of the year it migrates closer to the coast for spawning and forms dense settlements at 10
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Stock Assessment Form
Demersal species
Reference Year: 2016
Reporting Year: 2017
Stock Assessment of cuttlefish in the Italian, Croatian and Slovenian fleets exploit cuttlefish with several
gears: otter trawls, rapido trawl and set gears (trammel, nets, pots and fyke nets). More than 95% of catches
come from the Italian side Landings fluctuated between 2,000 and 9,000 t in the period 1972-2016. Fishery
independent data collected in the framework of SoleMon survey show a decrease of relative abundance and
biomass from 2006 to 2010 followed by slightly higher values in the remaining period and fluctuating
between the empirical thresholds of the 66th and 33rd percentiles. CMSY production model and estimates
from Length-Frequency data from the Italian commercial fleets using Beverton and Holt 1996 formula,
showed that the exploitation slightly below FMSY in CMSY model and above the M in the second model. In
both cases, the biomass is below safe biological limits (BMSY or proxies). The harvest rate (catches/biomass
a proxy of F) using the SoleMon survey as biomass index has been estimated and an empirical reference
point was also used.
1
Stock Assessment Form version 1.0 (November 2015)
Uploader: Giuseppe Scarcella
Stock assessment form
Contents 1 Basic Identification Data ...................................................................................................................... 3
2 Stock identification and biological information .................................................................................. 4
2.1 Stock unit ...................................................................................................................................... 4
2.2 Growth and maturity ................................................................................................................... 4
3 Fisheries information .......................................................................................................................... 7
3.1 Description of the fleet ................................................................................................................ 7
Figure 13 shows assessments for cuttlefish in GSA 17. Panel A shows in black the time series of catches
and in blue the three-years moving average with indication of highest and lowest catch, as used in the
estimation of prior biomass by the default rules. Panel B shows the explored r-k log space and in dark
grey the r-k pairs which were found by the CMSY model to be compatible with the catches and the
prior information. Panel C shows the most probable r-k pair and its approximate 95% confidence limits
in blue. The black dots are possible r-k pairs found by the BSM model, with a red cross indicating the
most probable r-k pair and its 95% confidence limits. Panel D shows the available abundance data in
red, scaled to the BSM estimate of Bmsy = 0.5 k, and in blue the biomass trajectory estimated by CMSY.
Dotted lines indicate the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles. Vertical blue lines indicate the prior biomass
ranges. Panel E shows in red the harvest rate (catch/abundance) scaled to the r/2 estimate of BSM,
and in blue the corresponding harvest rate from CMSY. Panel F shows the Schaefer equilibrium curve
of catch/MSY relative to B/k, here indented at B/k < 0.25 to account for reduced recruitment at low
stock sizes. The red dots are scaled by BSM estimates and the blue dots are scaled by CMSY estimates.
Figure 13 Diagnostics results of final C-MSY run.
Figure 14 shows the graphs meant to inform management. The upper left panel shows catches relative
to the BSM estimate of MSY, with indication of 95% confidence limits in grey. The upper right panel
shows the development of relative total biomass (B/Bmsy), with the grey area indicating uncertainty.
The lower left graph shows relative exploitation (F/Fmsy), with Fmsy corrected for reduced
recruitment below 0.5 Bmsy.
30
The lower-right panel shows the trajectory of relative stock size (B/Bmsy) over relative exploitation
(F/Fmsy).
Figure 14 – Results of final C-MSY run.
State of exploitation: Exploitation varied without any trend in the years 1972-2000, followed by an
increase until 2007. In the last years, exploitation in term of F/FMSY ratio decreased and in the last
two years is below FMSY. However, wide ranges of uncertainties are observed in the last years from
under exploitation to overexploitation levels of fishing pressure.
State of the biomass: The biomass showed a stable trend from 1972 to 2002, and decreased in 2003-
2013. In the last 3 years, the biomass increased but is still below the BMSY.
31
6.1.4 Robustness analysis
6.1.5 Retrospective analysis, comparison between model runs, sensitivity
analysis
A sensitivity analysis was also carried out changing the priors. The initial priors do not have a great
impact on the assessment results, while the priors set for the level of relative biomass (B/k) at the end
of the series change the output results and the stock diagnosis (Figs. 15-29)
Figure 15 Sensitivity analyses on CMSY model using initial prior as low depletion and final as medium
depletion.
Figure 16 Sensitivity analyses on CMSY model using initial prior as low depletion and final as strong
depletion.
32
Figure 17 Sensitivity analyses on CMSY model using initial prior as low depletion and final as low
depletion.
Figure 18 Sensitivity analyses on CMSY model using initial prior as low depletion and final as very
strong depletion.
33
Figure 19 Sensitivity analyses on CMSY model using initial prior as medium depletion and final as low
depletion.
Figure 20 Sensitivity analyses on CMSY model using initial prior as medium depletion and final as
medium depletion.
34
Figure 21 Sensitivity analyses on CMSY model using initial prior as medium depletion and final as very
strong depletion.
Figure 22 Sensitivity analyses on CMSY model using initial prior as strong depletion and final as low
depletion.
35
Figure 23 Sensitivity analyses on CMSY model using initial prior as strong depletion and final as
medium depletion.
Figure 24 Sensitivity analyses on CMSY model using initial prior as strong depletion and final as strong
depletion.
36
Figure 25 Sensitivity analyses on CMSY model using initial prior as strong depletion and final as very
strong depletion.
Figure 26 Sensitivity analyses on CMSY model using initial prior as very strong depletion and final as
low depletion.
37
Figure 27 Sensitivity analyses on CMSY model using initial prior as very strong depletion and final as
medium depletion.
Figure 28 Sensitivity analyses on CMSY model using initial prior as very strong depletion and final as
strong depletion.
38
Figure 29 Sensitivity analyses on CMSY model using initial prior as very strong depletion and final as
strong depletion.
6.1.6 Assessment quality
The sensitivity analyses showed a changing pattern in the stock diagnosis. However the decision about
the priors to be used for the advice seems supported be the evidence that the stock was in a condition
of medium depletion at the begin of the series and strong depletion at the end of the series.
6.2 Harvest rate
6.2.1 Model assumptions
Cephalopods stocks are characterized by short life span and limited availability of data. However, in
the case survey indices (or other indicators of stock size such as reliable fishery-dependant indices;
e.g. lpue, cpue, and mean length in the catch) are available they provide reliable indications of trends
in stock metrics such as mortality, recruitment, and biomass. An Fproxy can be calculated as the ratio
of a time-series of total catch divided by survey biomass to derive scientific advice.
MSY indicators and associated reference points refer to an equilibrium or average situation.
Cephalopods stocks (more than fin fish stocks) are, however, dynamic as their biological parameters
change due to environmental changes. The environment includes populations of predators and the
availability of food which affect natural mortality and growth, and recruitment varies from year to
year. The spatial distribution of fish populations varies with abundance and ecosystem changes
including climate change impacts. Therefore in the case of cuttlefish an empirical FMSY-proxy has
been estimated as the 80% of the mean F- proxy observed in the last ten year and catheterized by
high biomass (period 2006-2009).
39
Input data and Parameters
Input data and parameters are the same used in CMSY but only for the period 2005-2016. The series
of absolute biomass has been obtained multiplying the relative biomass by Km2 observed in November
by the analysis. Total surface explored (around 50,000 Km2) and a catch. Figure 30 summarize the
output of the harvest ratio.
Figure 30 Harvestration (F proxy) of cuttlefish in GSA 17.
6.2.2 Robustness analysis
6.2.3 Retrospective analysis, comparison between model runs, sensitivity
analysis
6.2.4 Assessment quality
F MSY
proxy F
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
2014 2015 2016
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
40
7 Stock predictions
Draft scientific advice
The scientific advices in the following table are based on CMSY results.
Based on Indicator Analytic al
reference
point (name
and value)
Current
value from
the analysis
(name and
value)
Empirical
reference value
(name and
value)
Trend
(time
period)
Stock
Status
Fishing
mortality
Fishing
mortality
FMSY = 0.48 Fcurrent =
0.39
Stock
abundance
Biomass BMSY = 9940 Bcurrent =
6980
Recruitment
Final Diagnosis Sustainable exploitation and Overfished (B below BMSY)
41
7.1 Explanation of codes
Trend categories
1) N - No trend
2) I - Increasing
3) D – Decreasing 4) C - Cyclic
Stock Status
Based on Fishing mortality related indicators
1) N - Not known or uncertain – Not much information is available to make a judgment;
2) U - undeveloped or new fishery - Believed to have a significant potential for expansion in
total production;
3) S - Sustainable exploitation- fishing mortality or effort below an agreed fishing mortality or effort based Reference Point;
4) IO –In Overfishing status– fishing mortality or effort above the value of the agreed fishing mortality or effort based Reference Point. An agreed range of overfishing levels is provided;
Range of Overfishing levels based on fishery reference points
In order to assess the level of overfishing status when F0.1 from a Y/R model is used as LRP, the following operational approach is proposed:
• If Fc*/F0.1 is below or equal to 1.33 the stock is in (OL): Low overfishing
• If the Fc/F0.1 is between 1.33 and 1.66 the stock is in (OI): Intermediate overfishing
• If the Fc/F0.1 is equal or above to 1.66 the stock is in (OH): High overfishing *Fc is current level
of F
5) C- Collapsed- no or very few catches;
Based on Stock related indicators
1) N - Not known or uncertain: Not much information is available to make a judgment
2) S - Sustainably exploited: Standing stock above an agreed biomass based Reference Point;
3) O - Overexploited: Standing stock below the value of the agreed biomass based Reference
Point. An agreed range of overexploited status is provided;
Empirical Reference framework for the relative level of stock biomass index
• Relative low biomass: Values lower than or equal to 33rd percentile of biomass index in the time series
(OL)
• Relative intermediate biomass: Values falling within this limit and 66th percentile (OI)
• Relative high biomass: Values higher than the 66th percentile (OH)
42
4) D – Depleted: Standing stock is at lowest historical levels, irrespective of the amount of
fishing effort exerted;
5) R –Recovering: Biomass are increasing after having been depleted from a previous period;
Agreed definitions as per SAC Glossary
Overfished (or overexploited) - A stock is considered to be overfished when its abundance is
below an agreed biomass based reference target point, like B0.1 or BMSY. To apply this
denomination, it should be assumed that the current state of the stock (in biomass) arises
from the application of excessive fishing pressure in previous years. This classification is
independent of the current level of fishing mortality.
Stock subjected to overfishing (or overexploitation) - A stock is subjected to overfishing if the
fishing mortality applied to it exceeds the one it can sustainably stand, for a longer period. In
other words, the current fishing mortality exceeds the fishing mortality that, if applied during
a long period, under stable conditions, would lead the stock abundance to the reference point
of the target abundance (either in terms of biomass or numbers)