ST.MARY'S COLLEGE (Autonomous)

ST.MARY’S COLLEGE (Autonomous)

(Re-accredited with ‘A’ Grade by NAAC)

Thoothukudi - 628 001

Syllabus

For

B.A. History

(Choice Based Credit System)

(w.e.f.2015)

ST.MARY’S COLLEGE (Autonomous)

(Re-accredited with ‘A’ Grade by NAAC)

Thoothukudi - 628 001

(Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University)

Syllabus

B.A. History

(Choice Based Credit System)

(w.e.f.2015)

“We are all born with a divine fire in us.

Our efforts should be to give wings to this fire and

Fill the world with the glow of its goodness”.

- A.P.J. Abdul Kalam

- ST.MARY’S COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), THOOTHUKUDI

- COURSE STRUCTURE

- B.A History

- Semester - I

Part Subject Sub.

Code

Title of the Paper Hrs/

Week

Credits Max.Marks

CIA ESE Total

I Tamil/

French

15ULTA11

15ULFA11

Cheyyul, Elakkanam,

Urainadai, Sirukathi,

Elakkia Varalaaru

Paper-I French Language

and Culture

6

3

50

50

100

II English 15UGEN11

(Stream

A/B/C)

General English

6

3

50

50

100

III Core I

Core II

Allied I

15UHIC11

15UHIC12

15UHIA11

History of India upto

A.D. 647

Principles of Tourism – I

General Economics – I

5

5

6

5

5

5

50

50

50

50

50

50

100

100

100

IV Foundation

Course

15UFPD11 Personality Development 2 2 50 50 100

Total 30 23 300 300 600

-

- Semester –II

Part Subject Sub.

Code


Week

Credits Max.Marks

CIA ESE Total

I Tamil/

15ULTA21/

Cheyyul,Elakkanam,

Urainadai, Valkai

Varalaaru, Elakkia

6 3 50 50 100

French

15ULFA21

Varalaaru/

Paper – II French

Language and Culture

II English 15UGEN21

(Stream

A/B/C)

General English 6 3 50 50 100

III Core III

Core IV

Allied II

15UHIC21

15UHIC22

15UHIA21

History of India from A.D.

648 to 1526

Principles of Tourism - II

General Economics -II

5

5

6

5

5

5

50

50

50

50

50

50

100

100

100

IV Foundation

Course

15UFVE21 Value Education 2 2 50 50 100

V NSS/

NCC/Sports

1

Total 30 23 300 300 600

- Semester –III

-

Part Subject Sub.

Code


Week

Credits Max.Marks

CIA ESE Total

I Tamil/

French

15ULTA31/

15ULFA31

Cheyyul,

Elakkanam,

Urainadai, Puthinam,

Elakkia Varalaaru

Paper – III French

Language and

Civilisation

6 3 50 50 100

II English 15UGEN31

(Stream

A/B/C)


III Core V 15UHIC31

History of India

from A.D 1526 to

1772

6

4

50

50

100

Allied III 15UHIA31 Modern

Governments - I

6 5 50 50 100

SBE I 15UHIS31 Tour Operations 2

2

50

50

100

NME I 15UHIN31 Functional English -I 2 2 50 50 100

IV Foundation

Course

15UFES31 EVS 2 2 50 50 100

V Self Study

Course(Optional)

15UHISS1 Development of

Tourism Department

in India with Special

Reference to

Tamilnadu

- 1 - 100 100

Total 30 22+1 350 350 700

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

- Semester IV

- -

Part Subject Sub.

Code


Week

Credits Max.Marks

CIA ESE Total

I Tamil/

French

15ULTA41

15ULFA41

Cheyyul, Elakkanam,

Urainadai,Naadakam,Elakkia

Varalaaru/

Paper – IV Initiation to

French Literature

6

3 50 50 100

II English 15UGEN41

(Stream

A/B/C)


III Core VI

15UHIC41

History of India from

AD.1773 to 1857

6

4

50

50

100

Allied IV 15UHIA42 Modern Governments II 6 5 50 50 100

SBE II

15UHIS41

Principles and Methods of

Archaeology

2

2

50

50

100

NME II 15UHIN41 Functional English - II 2 2 50 50 100

IV Foundation

Course

15UFYM41 Yoga & Meditation 2 2 50 50 100

Self Study

Course

(Optional)

15UHISS2 Introduction to Cosmetology

-- 1 -- 100 100

V Extension

Activities

CDP 1

Total 30 23+1 350 350 700

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

- Semester V

-

Part Subject Sub.

Code


Week

Credits Max.Marks

CIA ESE Total

III Core VII

Core VIII

15UHIC51

15UHIC52

History of India from

A.D 1857 to 1947

History of Europe

A.D. 1453 – 1789

7

7

5

5

50

50

50

50

100

100

Core Elective I

Core Elective II

15UHIE51

15UHIE52

History of Thoothukudi

Constitution of India

6

6

5

5

50

50

50

50

100

100

SBE III

15UHIS51

Fundamentals of

Computers

4 3 50 50 100

IV Self Study

Course

(Compulsory)

15UHISS3 Beach Tourism - 1 100 100

Total 30 24 250 250 500

-

- Semester VI

Part Subject Sub.

Code


Week

Credits Max.Marks

CIA ESE Total

III Core IX

Core X

Core XI

Core XII

15UHIC61

15UHIC62

15UHIC63

15UHIC64

History of Tamil Nadu

from A.D.1336 to2000

History of Europe from

A.D 1789 to 1945

International Relations

from A.D 1945 to 2000

Historiography

6

6

6

6

5

5

5

5

50

50

50

50

50

50

50

50

100

100

100

100

Core Elective III 15UHIE61 Indian Architecture 6 5 50 50 100

Total 30 25 250 250 500

-

Semester – I

Core – I History of India upto A.D. 647

Code : 15UHIC11 Hrs / Week : 5 Hrs / Sem : 75 Credits : 5

Objectives

• To enable the students to understand Ancient India.

• To study the evolution of Indian polity

• To study the cultures that existed under various dynasties.

Unit – I Geographical Features of India – Sources for Ancient India – Indus Valley Civilization –

Rig Vedic Civilization – Later Vedic Civilization.

Unit – II Caste System – Persian Invasion – Macedonian Invasion – Rise of New Religious

Movements in North India - Jainism – Buddhism – Impact of Buddhism and Jainism.

.

Unit – III Mauryan Empire – Asoka – Social and Economic Condition – Mauryan Administration –

Causes for the Decline of the Mauryas – Sungas – Kushans – Services of Kanishka to

Buddhism

Unit – IV Gupta Empire – Samudra Gupta – Fahien’s Report – Administration –– Golden Age of

the Guptas – Huns Invasion – Decline of the Gupta Empire.

Unit – V Harsha Vardhana – Nalanda University – Accounts of Hiuen Tsang – Itsing’s

Account

Maps

1. Geographical Features of India

2. Indus Valley Sites

3. Asokan Edicts

4. Samudra Gupta

5. Harsha

Text Book

1. Khurana K.L., History of India from Earliest to 1526, Lakshmi Narain Agarwal, Agra, 1995.

Book for Reference

1. Majumdar, R.C., Advanced History of India, Macmillan Company Ltd, London, 1958.

2. Rao, Hanumantha, B. and Rao, Basaveswara K., Indian History and Culture, Sri Vignana

Manjusha, Guntur, 1973.

3. Sathianathaier, R., History of India, Vol. I, S. Viswanathan (Printers and Pulishers), Madras,

1998.

Semester – I

Core - II Principles of Tourism – I


Objectives

• To understand the origin and development of tourism in India.

• To make the students understand the role of history in promoting tourism.

• To help the students understand tourism as an industry.

Unit – I Definition – Origin - Basic Components of Tourism - Causes for the Rapid Growth of

Tourism – Motivation

Unit – II Tourism Through the Ages – An Ancient Phenomenon – The Romans – In the Middle

Ages – Travel For Natures Sake – Modern Time – The Automobile – Transport

Development.

Unit – III Types of Tourism.

Internal Tourism – Importance – Constrains on Developing Internal Tourism.

Regional Tourism – Objectives of Regional Tourism.

International Tourism – Factors Influencing the Growth of International Tourism.

Unit – IV Forms of Tourism – Holiday Tourism – Cultural Tourism – Social Tourism – Business

Tourism – Religious Tourism – Health Tourism – Adventure Tourism – Political

Tourism – Pleasure Tourism – Eco Tourism and Other Forms of Tourism with Suitable

Example.

Unit – V Longitude and Time – Local Time – Greenwich Mean Time (G.M.T.) – Indian Standard

Time – World Time Differences – Economic and Social Significance of Tourism –

Industrial Revolution and Tourism.

Text Book

1. Kumari, Shantha, R., Facts on Tourism, Shantha Publishers, Chennai, 1996.

Books for Reference

1. Bhatia, A.K., International Tourism, Sterling Publishers Private Limited, Delhi, 1991.

2. Seth, Pran Nath, An Introduction to Travel and Tourism, Sterling Publishers Private Limited,

Delhi, 2003.

3. Sethi, Praveen, Nature and Scope of Tourism, Rajat Publications, Delhi, 1999.

Semester – I

Allied – I General Economics – I

Code : 15UHIA11 Hrs / Week : 6 Hrs / Sem : 90 Credits : 5

Objectives

• To enable the students to understand the basic concepts of economics.

• To acquire the knowledge of market structure and distribution theories.

Unit – I Introduction

Definitions – Wealth, Welfare and Scarcity – Nature and Scope of Economics –

Divisions of Economics – Economics Laws – Basic Concepts – Human Wants, Utility –

Goods.

Unit – II Consumption

Wants and Their Nature – The Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility – Law of Demand –

Elasticity of Demand – Consumer’s Surplus.

Unit – III Production

Factors of Production – Land, Labour, Capital, Organisation – Features – Division of

Labour – Localization – Merits and Demerits – Theories of Populations – Malthusian

Theory – Optimum Theory.

Unit – IV Value

The Analysis of Supply and Demand – Time Element – Joint Demand and Joint Supply.

Unit – V Distribution

General Theory of Distribution – Theories of Rent – Ricardian Theory – Modern Theory

of Rent – Interest – Liquidity Preference Theory – Profit – Schumpeter’s Innovation

Theory – Theories of Risk and Uncertainly.

Text Book

1. Seth, M.L., Micro Economics, Lakshmi Narain Agarwal Educational Publishers, Agra,

1991.

Books for Reference

1. Ahuja, H.L., Modern Micro Economics, S. Chand and Company Ltd, New Delhi, 1983.

2. Loganathan, V., Principles of Economics, S. Chand and Company Ltd, New Delhi, 1989.

3. Pazhani, Micro Economics, J.P. Publishers, Nagercoil, 2004.

Semester – I

Foundation Course Personality Development

Code : 15UFPD11 Hrs / Week : 2 Hrs / Sem : 60 Credits : 2

Objectives

• To enable the students understand the different stages in the life cycle of a human being.

• To understand the basic theories of personality.

• To educate the students about various skills one must possess to have a good personality.

Unit – I Evolution – Life Cycle – Infancy, Childhood, Adolescence, Adulthood, Old Age.

Unit – II Concept of Personality, Definition of Personality – Need for Understanding

Personality – Nature of Personality – Formation of Personality.

Unit – III Theories of Personality

Unit – IV Types of Personalities

Unit – V Styles of Personalities

Text book

1. Jayashree, K.V, Sree Devi V, Thara Devi C.S, Personality Development, Saras

Publication, Nagercoil, 2010.

Books for Reference

1. Arther, John, Personality Development, Lotus Press, New Delhi, 2009.

2. Aswathappa, K., Organisational Behaviour, Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai, 2004.

3. Jit, Chandran, S., Organisational Behaviour, Vikas Publishing House, Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi,

1996.

4. Rao, Gangadhar, M., Rao V.S.P. and Narayana, P.S, Organisational Behaviour, Konark

Publishers Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 1997.

5. Rao, V.S.P. and Narayana, P.S, Organisation Theory and Behaviour, Konark Publishers Pvt.

Ltd, New Delhi, 2000.

6. Robbins P. Stephen, Organisational Behaviour, Ashok K. Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Td,

New Delhi, 2000.

7. Singh, Nirmal, Organisational Behaviour, Deep and Deep Publications Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi,

2001.

Semester – II

Core – III History of India from A.D. 648 to 1526


Objectives

• To enable the students to understand medieval India.

• To provide knowledge about the culture that existed under various dynasties.

• To create an awakening about the impact of West on India.

Unit – I Sources for Medieval India – The Origin of the Rajputs – Political History of the Rajputs

and their culture – Arab conquest of Sind – Effects.

Unit – II Muhammed of Ghazni – Muhammed of Ghori – Slave Dynasty – Qutb-ud-din Aibak –

Iltutmish – Raziyya – Achievements of Balban.

Unit – III Ala-ud-din Khilji – Malik Kafur’s Conquests – Reforms – Muhammed-bin-Tughluq –

Firoz Tughluq – Lodis – Timur’s Invasion.

Unit – IV Kingdom of Vijayanagar – Origin – Sangama, Saluva, Tuluva and Aravidu Dynasties –

Krishnadeva Raya- Battle of Talikotta- Administration – Art and Architecture-

Literature- Revival of Hinduism.

. Unit – V Bahmini Kingdom – Origin – Muhamad Gawan – Struggle between Vijayanagr and

Bahmini kingdoms- Disintrgration of Bahmini kingdom – Administration and Social Life

– Art and Architecture – Hindustani Music.

Maps

1. Muhammed of Ghor

2. Ala-ud-din Khilji

3. Muhamud-bin-Tughluq

4. Vijayanagar Kingdom

5. Bahmini Kingdom

Text Book

1. Khurana K.L., History of India from earliest to 1761, Lakshmi Narain Agarwal, Agra,

1995.

Books for Reference

1. Majumdar R.C., An Advanced History of India, Macmillan Company Ltd., London, 1958.

2. Majumdar R.C., History and Culture of the Indian People, Vol. VI., Macmillan Company

Ltd., London, 1957.

3. Rao, Hanumantha, B. and Rao, Basaveswara K., Indian History and Culture, Sri Vignana

Manjusha, Guntur, 1973.

4. Sathianathaier, R., History of India, Vol. II, S. Viswanathan (Printers & Publishers),

Madras, 1998.

Semester – II

Core - IV Principles of Tourism – II


Objectives

• To enlighten the students about the importance of Tourism.

• To familiarise the students with the basic concepts of Tourism.

• To make the course market and employment oriented.

Unit – I Travel Formalities and Regulations – History of Travel Documents – Passport Visa –

Foreign Exchange – Customers and Health Formalities – Immigration – Emigration –

Positive and Negative Impacts.

Unit – II Accommodations – Brief History – Emergence of Hotels – Types of Hotel –

Accommodation.

Unit – III Growth of Tourism – Barriers to Travel – Industrial Revolution and Urbanization –

Democratization – Increased Income – Increased Leisure – Rising Standard of Living

Marketing – Publicity and Promotion – Political stability.

Unit – IV Travel Agencies Through the Ages – Travel Agent – Functions – Travel Organization –

Travel Agencies Association – Problems and Suggestions – Rules for Recognition of

Travel Agents.

Unit – V Organization – Type of Organization – National and International – Work of a National

Tourist Organization – WTO – PATTA – Tourist Organization in India.

Text Book

1. Bhatia, A.K., Tourism Development, Sterling Publishers Private Limited, Delhi, 1982.

Books for Reference


2. Seth, Pran Nath, An Introduction to Travel and Tourism, Sterling Publishers Private Limited,

Delhi, 2003.


Semester – II

Allied – II General Economics – II

Code : 15UHIA21 Hrs / Week : 6 Hrs / Sem : 90 Credits : 5

Objectives

• To understand the various macroeconomic concepts.

• To examine how the macroeconomic concepts that are used in macroeconomic policy framework.

• To widen the knowledge related to money.

Unit – I Introduction

Macro Economics: Meaning – Difference between Macro and Micro Economics –

Importance and Limitations of Macro Analysis.

Unit – II National Income

The concepts – Definition and Meaning – Personal Income - the Concepts of Gross

Domestic Product (GDP) – Gross National Production (GNP) and Net National Product

(NNP) – Methods of National Income Estimation – Difficulties of Estimation.

Unit – III Employment

Meaning of Full Employment – Types of Unemployment – Seasonal, Frictional -

Technological – Structural - Voluntary and Involuntary - Cyclical and Disguised

Unemployment.

Unit – IV Money

Barter – Meaning and Difficulties – Money – Definition – Evolution - Kinds and

Functions of Money – Advantages and Disadvantages.

Unit – V Monetary Standards

Monometalism – Bimetalism – Gresham’s Law – Paper Currency Standard – Systems of

Note Issue.

Text Book

1. Maria John Kennedy, Macro Economic Theory, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., New

Delhi, 2011.

2. Devairakkam, Monetary Economics, D.S.R. Publications, Tirunelveli, 2001.

Books for Reference

1. Ackley, Macro Economic Theory and Policy, Macmillan Newyork, London, 1978.

2. Keynes, J.M., The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, Macmillian,

London, 1936.

3. Pazhani, Micro Economics, J.P. Publishers, Nagercoil, 2004.

4. Seth, M.L., An Introduction to Keynesian Economics, Lakshman’s Narayan Agarwal

Educational Publishers, Agra.

SEMESTER II

Foundation Course: Value Education

Code: 15UFVE21 Hrs/Week: 2 Hrs/Sem: 30 Credits: 2

Objectives

• To help students to imbibe the best cherished behaviour pattern as individuals, citizens

and members of the community.

• To develop high ethic standards and moral values.

Unit I

Me-Myself-College-Life and Values-on protests and demonstration – on beliefs –

ethical matters – Values – internalization of values – transformation of self.

Unit II

Life Enrichment skills; Purpose for life – sensitization towards gender equality,

physically challenged, intellectually challenged. Respect to age, experience, maturity,

family members, neighbours, Co-Workers.

Unit III

Forgiveness, Integrity, Humility, Truthfulness, Sacrifice, Sincerity, Self Control,

Altruism, Scientific vision.

Unit IV

Constitutional or national values – democracy, socialism, secularism, equality, justice,

liberty, freedom, fraternity. Social values, self control universal brotherhood. Religions-

Path to God, Religions – Expressions of God Experience- Religious Tolerance. Art: The

Meaning of the term – Nature and Function of Art-Art Appreciation-Art for a fuller

living – Modern Art – Art and Morality.

Unit V

Control of mind through simplified physical exercise - Meditation – objectives, types,

effect on body, mind & soul activities - Moralization of desires Neutralization of anger -

Eradication of worries - Benefits of blessing

Reference Books

1. AIACHE – human Values development Programme, New Delhi.

2. Thomas Anchukandam, Grow Free Live Free, Krisu Jyoti Publications, Salesians,

Bangalore, 1998.

3. D.John Antony Self Psychology Counselling, Anugraha Publications.

4. Prof.N.S.Raghunathan, Value Education, Margham publications, Chennai 2015.

5. Marie Mignon Mascarenhas, Family Life Education Value Education, All India

Association for Higher Education CREST, Bangalore, 1983.

Semester – III

Core V History of India from AD 1526 to 1772

Sub. Code: 15UHIC31 Hrs/Week : 6 Hrs / Sem : 90 Credits : 4

Objectives

To enable the students to understand the cultural heritage during the Mughal period.

To enable the students to understand the Advent of the Europeans.

Unit – I Mughal India: Sources – India on the eve of Babur’s invasion – Political - socio -

economic conditions – Conquests – Humayun – Shershah - Administration.

Unit – II Akbar – Administration – Religious policy – Jahangir – Rule of Nurjahan – Shahjahan –

Golden Age - art and architecture – Aurangazeb – Religious policy.

Unit – III Mughal Art and Architecture – Mughal administration – Deccan Policy – Religious

policy – Decline and fall of the Mughals.

Unit – IV Marathas: Sivaji – Military achievements – Administration. Peshwas – Balaji Viswanath

– Baji Rao – Balaji Baji Rao – II Battle of Panipat.

Unit – V Advent of the Europeans – The Anglo-French Rivalry - Carnatic Wars - Robert Clive –

Battle of Plassey – Buxar – Dual Government in Bengal.

Maps

1. Babur

2. Humayun

3. Akbar

4. Aurangazeb

5. Shivaji

Text Book

1. Mahajan, V.D., India Since 1526, S.Chand & Co Pvt. Ltd, Delhi, 1975.

Books for Reference

1. Anil Chandra Banerjee, New History of Medieval India, S.Chand & Company Pvt. Ltd., New

Delhi, 1983.

2. Khurana K.L., History of India from 1526 to 1967, Lakshmi Narain Agarwal, Agra, 1995.

3. Majumdar R.C., An Advanced History of India, Macmillan Company Ltd, London, 1983.

Semester - III

Allied - III Modern Governments - I

Sub. Code: 15UHIA31 Hours / Week : 6 Hours / Sem : 75 Credits : 5

Objectives

• To study the origin of state and its study.

• To understand the origin of various countries constitution and its features.

Unit I

Origin of State – Elements of States: People - Territory – Government – Sovereignty.

Types of Governments: Democracy - Republic - Monarchy – Aristocracy – Dictatorship -

Democratic Republic.

Unit II

Constitution – Meaning - purpose - contents of Constitution – written and unwritten constitution

– Flexible and rigid constitution.

Unit III

Forms of Governments: Unitary – Federal - Quasi Federal – Theory of Separation of

Powers. Executive: Presidential, Parliamentary – Quasi Presidential Collegiate.

Unit IV

Legislature – Functions of Legislature – Unicameral – Bicameral Legislature –Methods

of solving deadlocks – Referendum – Initiative

Unit V

Judiciary – Functions of Judiciary – Judicial Review – The Rule of Law – Administrative law –

Party system – single party – bi party, and multi party system – Pressure groups.

Text Book

1. Gomathinayagam,P., Modern Governments, Sembi Publishers, Madurai, 1994.

Books for Reference

1. Alex Dragnich, Politics and Government, London, 1998.

2. AnupChand Kapur, Select Constitution, Delhi, 1956.

3. Agarwal, R.C., Constitutional History and National Movement, New Delhi, 1980.

4. Finer, S.E., Comparative Governments, England, 1970.

5. Kasthuri, J., Modern Governments, Udumalpet, 1998.

6. Michael J. Pery, The Constitution The Courts and Human Rights, New Delhi, 1982.

Semester – III

Skill Based Subject Tour Operations

Code : 15UHIS31 Hrs / Week : 2 Hrs / Sem : 60 Credits : 2

Objectives

• To make the students familiar with the origin and development of tourism in India.

• To motivate the students to understand the importance of tourism.

• To educate the students about different factors of tourism.

Unit – I Origin and development of Travel – Types of Travel Agency and Tour Operation.

Unit – II Rule of Tour Operators – Income of Tour Operators – Tour Wholesalers - Input and

Output of Tour Operation.

Unit – III International Time Calculator – Tour Costing and Pricing.

Unit – IV Tour Planning.

Unit – V Tour Operational Techniques.

Text Book

1. Bhatia, A.K., Tourism Development, Sterling Publishers Private Limited, Delhi, 1982.

Books for Reference


2. Seth, Pran Nath, An Introduction to Travel and Tourism, Sterling Publishers Private Limited, Delhi,

2003.


SEMESTER –III

Foundation Course: Environmental Studies

Code: 12UEVS11 Hrs/week:2 Hrs/sem:30 Credits: 2

Objectives

• To make the students environment conscious.

• To sensitize the students about the environmental crisis and environmental protection.

• To create an awareness among the students about sustainable utilization and conservation of

natural resources.

Unit I Environment – Natural Resources

Environment – Definition, Components, need for public Awareness, Natural

Resources – Renewable and non-renewable. Forest Resources – Uses, Over exploitation,

Deforestation, Water Resources – Uses and Conservation, rain water harvesting. Energy

Resources – Renewable and Nonrenewable. Solar, Wind and Biomass energy. Role of

Individuals in conservation of natural resources.

Unit II Ecosystem

Ecosystem – Concepts, components – Abiotic and Biotic components (Producer,

Consumer and Decomposer), Energy Flow – Food chain, food web and Ecological

Pyramids, Structure and Function of Grass Land (Terrestrial) and Pond (Aquatic)

Ecosystem.

Unit III Environmental Pollution

Definition, causes, effects and control measures of Air Pollution, Water Pollution and

Soil Pollution, Nuclear Hazards, Solid Waste Management. Disaster Management –

Flood, Earth quake, Tsunami. Role of individuals in the prevention of pollution.

Unit IV Biodiversity and Conservation

Definition and Levels of Biodiversity (Genetical, Ecological and Species Diversity)

Values of Biodiversity. Threats and Loss of Biodiversity – Causes. Hot Spots of

Biodiversity (with special reference to India). Conservation of Biodiversity – In situ and

Ex situ Conservation.

Unit V Social Issues and Environment

Sustainable Development, Consumerism and Waste Products, Climate Change – Global

Warming, Ozone Layer depletion. Waste Land Reclamation. Population Explosion –

Family Welfare Programme, HIV / AIDS, The Environment (Protection) Act – 1986.

International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), World

Wild Life Fund (WWF), Man and Biosphere Programme (MAB).

Reference Books

1. Kaushik, A. and Kaushik, C.P.K., Perspectives in Environmental Studies – New Age, International

Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2004.

2. Odum, E.P., Fundamentals of Ecology, Natraj Publishers, New Delhi, 1996.

3. Saha, T.K. Ecology and Environmental Biology, Arunabha Sen Books & Allied Pvt. Ltd., Kolkata,

2007

4. Sharma, Environmental Biology, Rastogi Publications, Meerut, 2006.

5. Miller, Tyller g., Environmental Science, Thompeson Brooke / Cole, Singapore, 2004

6. Vijayalakshmi, G.S. Murugesan A.G. and Sukumaran, N., Basic Environmental Science,

Manonmaniam Sundaranar University Publications, Tirunelveli, 2006.

Semester IV

Core VI History of India from AD 1773 to 1857

Sub. Code:15UHIC41 Hrs/Week : 6 Hrs/Sem : 90 Credits : 4

Objectives

• To make an awareness about the early History of British India.

• To give a detailed picture of the heroic resistance offered by the native Indians to the

Company’s Rule.

Unit – I Lord warren Hastings – First Maratha War – first Mysore War, Second Mysore War –

Regulating Act 1773 – Pitts India Act 1784 – Impeachment – The Rohilla War – Trial of

Nandakumar – Case of Chet Singh – Begums of Oudh.

Unit – II Lord Cornwallis – Reforms - Permanent Revenue Settlement of Bengal -Third Mysore

War – Charter Act of 1813.

Unit - III Lord Wellesley – Subsidiary Alliance – Fourth Mysore War – Second Maratha War –

Lord Hastings – Third Maratha War.

Unit - IV Lord William Bentinck – Reforms – Charter Act of 1833 – Lord Dalhousie– Doctrine of

Lapse – Administrative Reforms.

Unit - V Sepoy Mutiny of 1857 – Causes -Course–failure – End of Company’s rule.

Maps

1. Lord warren Hastings

2. Lord Wellesley

3. Lord Dalhousie

4. Important centres of the Uprising

Text Book

1. Khurana K.L., - History of India from 1526 to 1967, Lakshmi Narain Agarwal, Agra, 1995.

Books for Reference

1. Grover B.L., - A new look on Modern Indian History, S. Chand & Co., Limited, Delhi,

1984.

2. Sathianathaier S., A Political and Cultural History of India, Vol.III Modern

India, Viswanathan Private Limited, Madras, 1982.

Semester - IV

Allied – IV Modern Governments – II

Sub. Code: 15UHIA42 Hours / Week : 6 Hours / Sem : 75 Credits :5

Objectives

• To study the origin of state and its study.

• To understand the origin of various countries constitution and its features.

Unit I

Constitution of England – Salient features– Powers and prerogatives of the Crown – Cabinet

system.

Unit II

Powers and functions of House of Lords – Powers and functions of House of Commons

– Process of law making – Cabinet dictatorship – judicial system in England – Rule

of Law – Party System.

Unit III

United States of America Constitution - Salient Features - Federalism – The President-

Election - position - Powers – Vice President – Powers and Position.

Unit IV

The Congress: House of Representatives - Senate - The Speaker, – Law making -

Committee System – Judicial Review – Checks and Balances – Political Parties –

Pressure Groups – Lobbying

Unit V

Constitution of Switzerland – Salient Features – Constitution Amendment in Switzerland

– Federal Council – The Council of States – National Council – Judiciary – Direct

Democracy.

Text Book

1. Gomathinayakam,P., Modern Governments, Sembi Publishers, Madurai, 1994.

Books for Reference

1. Alex Dragnich, Politics and Government, London, 1998.

2. AnupChand Kapur, Select Constitution, Delhi, 1956.

3. Agarwal, R.C., Constitutional History and National Movement, New Delhi, 1980.

4. Finer, S.E., Comparative Governments, England, 1970.

5. Kasthuri, J., Modern Governments, Udumalpet, 1998.

6. Michael J. Pery, The Constitution The Courts and Human Rights, New Delhi, 1982.

Semester IV

Skill Based Subject - Principles and Methods of Archaeology

Code:15UHIS41 Hrs/Week : 2 Hrs/Sem : 30 Credits : 2

Objectives

• To provide basic knowledge in the discipline of Archaeology.

• To enable the students to learn the methods of excavation.

• To study the methods of preservation and conservation of excavated monuments.

Unit – I

Definition and Scope – Kinds of Archaeology: Underwater Archaeology – Ethnic Archaeology –

Salvage Archaeology – Value of Archaeology.

Unit – II

History of Archaeology in India: Sir William Jones – James Princep – Alexander Cunningham –

Robert Bruce Foote – Lord Curzon – John Marshall – Mortimer Wheeler.

Unit – III

Surface Exploration: Map Reading – Aerial Photography – Scientific Aids - Excavation methods:

Trial Trench – Rectangular Trenching – Horizontal Excavation -Open Stripping method–

Quadrant Method.

Unit – IV

Dating Methods: Radio-Carbon Dating – Thermoluminiscence Dating – Dendrochronology –

Potassium – Argon Method – Fluorine Test – Nitrogen Test – Pollen analysis Test

Unit – V

Documentation and Preservation: Pottery yard – Photographic Documentation – Register

– Excavation Report – Conservation of Artifacts – Metal Objects – Glass - Wood-

Museum Display

Text Book

1. Raman K.V., Principles & Methods of Archaeology, Parthajan Publications, Chennai,

1998.

Books for Reference

1. Surindranath, Roy, The Story of Indian Archaeology, Isha Publications, New Delhi, 1961.

2. Sankalia, H.D., New Archaeology – Its scope & Application to India, Phaidon Press, Lucknow, 1974.

3. Venkatraman, R., Indian Archaeology- A Survey, Ennes Publications, Udumalpet, 1999.

4. Ray, Hmanshu Prabha, Colonial Archaeology in South Asia - The Legacy of Sir Martimer Wheeler,

Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2008.

SEMESTER IV

Foundation Course: Yoga and Meditation

Code: 15UFYM31 Hrs/Week: 2 Hrs/Sem: 30 Credits: 2

Objectives

To enable students to have good health

To impart value for mental hygiene and possess emotional stability

To integrate moral values in order to live a purpose driven life.

Unit-I. Physical Character and Functions

Yoga – Brief introduction – importance of Yoga Life – Simple methods for adopting

Yoga in Daily Life Nature Cure: Brief history and principles – Health and Disease –

Techniques of Healthy Living Rules & Regulations – asanas, Pranayama, mudra, bandha

Unit- II. Exploring the traditions of Yoga:

The Secret of Change – The Mind: Agent of Change – The Twelve steps of Spiritual

Recovery – Raja yoga – Hatha Yoga – Jnana Yoga – Karma Yoga – Bhakthi Yoga –

Mantra Yoga – Tantra Yoga – Surya Namaskar

Unit- III. Greatness of Life Force

Philosophy of kayakalpa-physical body- bio magnetism, mind-Kayakalpa practical -

sex and spirituality-value of sexual vital fluid, married life-chastity- jeeva Samadhi -

intensifying bio magnetism through exercise- lamp gazing-rules-benefits - mirror

gazing-rules-benefits, passes for healing.

Unit - IV. Self Discipline

Self-Discipline, Diet: You are what you eat – Yogic and Naturopathic treatment for

Common Ailments: Common Cold, Cough, Headache, Constipation, Gastric touble,

Menstrual Disorders – Obesity – And General Steps for being healthy.

Unit- V Special Meditation

Pranayama – Physiological value of Pranayama – Practice of Pranayama – Nature

Meditations

Reference Books

• Mind – Vethathiri Maharashi.

• Karma Yoga - Vethathiri Maharashi.

• Sound health through Yoga – Dr. K. Chandrasekar.

• Yoga for Modern Age – Vethathiri Publications.

• Department of AYUSH, Yogic and Naturopathic treatment for Common Ailments

Edition- IV, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Gove. Of India, 2010.

• Georg Feuerstein & Benda Feuerstein, Yoga: A beginners Guide, Rashmi Graphics,

#3, Amrutwel CHS.Ltd Mumbai, 2014.

Semester -V

Core VII History of India from AD 1857 to 1947

Code:15UHIC51 Hrs/Week: 7 Hrs/sem:90 Credits:5

Objectives

• To enable the students understand India under the direct rule of the British Crown.

• To educate the students about Constitutional development of the country.

• To motivate the students regarding the national movement.

Unit – I India under the Crown: Queen’s Proclamation of 1858 Act – Indian Council Act of 1861

– Lord Ripon – Local Self Government – Ilbert Bill Controversy – Indian Councils Act

of 1892.

Unit – II Birth of the Indian National Congress – Moderates and Extremist– Curzon – Aligarh

Movement – Muslim League

Unit – III Minto-Morley Reforms 1909 – Home Rule League – First World War and its effects –

Montague-Chelmsford Reforms 1919 – Gandhian Era – Rowlatt Act and Jalianwalla

Bagh Tragedy – Non – Co-operation - Chauri-Chaura incident. The Swarajya Party.

Unit – IV Simon Commission – Civil Disobedience Movement – Gandhi-Irwin Pact – Round Table

Conferences – Government of India Act 1935.

Unit – V Cripps’ Mission – Quit India Movement – Netaji and the Indian National Army – Wavell

Plan – Cabinet Mission – the Mountbatten Plan - Independence Act 1947.

Text Book

1. K.L.Khurana.,History of India from 1526 to 1967 A.D.,Lakshmi Narain Agarwal,

2005,Agra.

Books for References

1. S.P.Nanda., History of Modern India, Dominant Publishers and Distributors,2003, New

Delhi.

2. S.P.Sen., Studies in Modern Indian History., Institute of Historical studies, Calcutta.

3. L.P.Sharma., Indian National Movement and Constitutional Development.,Lakshmi Narain

Agarwal,2007,Agra.

4. J.C.Aggarwal., Modern Indian History.,S.Chand and company ltd.,Ram nagar,New Delhi

5. A new look at Modern Indian History.,B.L.Grover and Alka Mehta ,S.Chand and company

Ltd.,2010,New Delhi

Semester -V Core VIII History of Europe from A.D. 1453-1789

Code:15UHIC52 Hrs/Week: 7 Hrs/sem:90 Credits:5

Objectives

• To make the students understand the factors leading to new discoveries.

• To enable the students understand the main features of the period of transition.

Unit – I Period of Transition – France under Louis XI – The Italian Wars- Geographical

Discoveries – causes- discoveries- effects.

Unit – II Renaissance: Meaning- Causes – Renaissance: Philosophy – Literature – Architecture –

Art and Science – results.

Unit – III Reformation: Meaning – Causes – Reformation in Germany - England –Switzerland –

Results of Reformation – Counter Reformation Society

Unit – IV Rise of Spain- Charles V- Philip II – France under Henry IV- Reforms of Cardinal

Richelieu and Cardinal Mazarin.

Unit – V The Age of Enlightenment- Louis XIV- Internal and External Policy – Peter the Great of

Russia - Reforms- Catherine – Foreign policy- Frederick the Great of Prussia.

Maps

1. Geographical Discoveries.

2. Important centres of Reformation.

3. Louis XIV.

4. Peter the Great.

Text Book

1. Mahajan, V.D., History of Europe upto 1789, S. Chand and Company Ltd., New Delhi, 1977.

Books for References

1. Will Durant, The Renaissance, Simon and Schuster, New York, 1953.

2. Will Durant, The Reformation, Simon and Schuster, New York, 1957.

3. Khurana, K.L., World History 1453- 1906 A.D. Lakshmi Narain Agarwal, Agra, 1997.

4. Carsten, F.L, The New Cambridge Modern History, Cambridge University Press, London, 1961.

5. Rao, B.V., History OF Europe 1450-1815, Sterling Publishers, Delhi, 1988.

Semester – V

Core – Elective I History of Thoothukudi

Code : 15UHIE51 Hrs / Week : 6 Hrs / Sem : 60 Credits : 5

Objectives

• To enlighten the students about historical growth of Thoothukudi and its rich heritage.

• To highlight the contribution of freedom fighters to Thoothukudi.

• To create an awareness about centres of tourism in Thoothukudi.

Unit – I Thoothukudi through the ages– Antiquity of Thoothukudi – Sangam Literature Reference

– Travelogues – Location of Thoothukudi

Unit – II Thoothukudi under the Portuguese – Mass Conversion – Trade – Pearl Fishing –Chank

Fishing – Decline. Thoothukudi under the Dutch and the British – Trade – Causes for the

Decline

Unit – III Freedom Movement in Thoothukudi – Freedom Fighters – V.O.C. – Ponnusamy Nadar –

Masilamani – K.P. Kandasamy – Swadeshi Movement – Monuments – Holy Trinity

Church – Lady of Snows Church – Ashe Memorial – Religious Centres: Nava Thirupathi

– Nava Kailayam – Tiruchendur - Manappadu – Uvari.

Unit – IV Sailing Vessels of Thoothukudi – Cotton Industry in Thoothukudi – Labour Strike –

Need for New Port-Merger of the Two Ports – Service of the Port.

Unit -V People: Culture – Transport – Communication – Education – Adminstration.

Text Book

1. Decla, S., and Antony, Raghu, J. (ed.), History of Thoothukudi, Pavai Publications,

Chennai, 2011.

Books for Reference

1. Caldwell, R., A History of Tinnevelly, Asian Educational Services, New Delhi, 1982.

2. Heras, Henry, South India Under Vijayanagar Empire, Cosmo Publications, New Delhi,

1980.

3. Pate, H.R., Tinnevelly District Gazetteer, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli,

1993.

4. Sinnakani, R. (ed.), Gazetteers of Thoothukudi, Tamilnadu State, Thoothukudi District, Vol. I

and II., Chennai, 2008.

5. Sobhanan, B., A History of Christian Missionaries in South India, Grace Printers,

Thiruvananthapuram, 1996.

Semester – V

Core Elective – II Constitution of India


Objectives

• To know the salient features of the Indian Constitution.

• To estimate the parliamentary system of India.

• To apply the constitutional principles to the present context.

Unit – I Constituent Assembly – Drafting Committee – Preamble – Salient Features .

Unit – II Fundamental Rights and Duties – Directive Principles of State Policy – Amendments –

Selected Amendments (1, 12, 42, 44 and 71).

Unit – III The Executive: President – Election – Powers – Vice President – Prime Minister -

Council of Ministers – Cabinet Ministers – Governor – Chief Minister.

Unit – IV The Legislature: Lok Sabha – Rajya Sabha - The Speaker – Composition and Powers -

Law Making Procedure.

Unit – V The Judiciary: Supreme Court – Judicial Review – High Court – Party System.

Text Book

1. Kapur A.C., Constitutional History of India, S.Chand and Co. (Pvt) Ltd., New

Delhi,1983.

Books for Reference

1. Agarwal, Constitutional History of India and National Movement, S. Chand and Co. (Pvt)

Ltd, New Delhi, 1981.

2. Gokhale, B.K.., Political Science, A.R.Sheth & co, Bombay, 1972.

3. Mahajan V.D., Constitutional History of India and the Nationalist Movement, S.Chand and

Company Ltd, New Delhi,1982.

4. Sharma, M.P., The Government of Indian Republic, Kitab Mahal, Allahabad, 1968.

Semester – V

Skill Based Subject III Fundamentals of Computers

Code : 15UHIS51 Hrs / Week : 4 Hrs / Sem : 60 Credits : 3

Objectives

• To make the students aware of the general use of computers in various fields.

• To make the students use the computer application software in the preparation of their

assignments and projects.

• To make the students collect information from the resources available on the internet.

Unit – I Introduction to Computers – Computer Classification, Computer Characteristics –

Personal Computers – Hardware and Software – Bits and Bytes - Uses of Computers in

Education, Medicine and Tourism.

Unit – II Operating System Windows and Its Components – Disk Drivers – Folders and Files -

Paint, Notepad, Word Pad and Calculator -. Introduction to Word Processing - MS-Word

– Creating Documents, Editing, Formatting, Spell Check, Thesaurus.

Unit – III Introduction to MS-Excel – Worksheets – Entering Different Data Types, Formatting and

Editing – Creating Basic Graphs – Formulas and Functions.

Unit – IV PowerPoint – Preparing PowerPoint Presentations – Creating Slides – Formatting and

Editing Slides – Running Slideshows.

Unit – V Introduction to Internet – E-mail Concepts – E-mail IDs – Sending, Receiving and

Checking E-mails – Website Concepts – Introduction to Information Search Facilities.

Theory – 75 marks

Practical – 25 marks

Text Book

1. Ruben, Frank, J., Computer 2001 – Fundamentals of Computer and Computing, Addone

Publishing Group, Thiruvananthapuram, 2001.

Books for Reference

1. Greenlaw, Raymond and Hepp, Ellen, Fundamentals of the Internet and the World Wide Web,

Tata McGraw – Hill Publishing Company, New Delhi, 1999.

2. Microsoft Office 2000 Complete, BPB Publications, New Delhi, 1999.

3. Norton, Peter, Introduction to Computers, Tata McGraw – Hill Publishing Company, Delhi,

2001.

4. Ram, B., Computer Fundamentals – Architecture and Organization, New Age International (P)

Limited Publishers, New Delhi, 1994.

5. Xavier, C., Introduction to Computers and Basic Programming, New Age International (P)

Limited Publishers, New Delhi, 1996.

Semester – V

Self Study Course (Compulsory) Beach Tourism

Code : 15UHISS3 Credits : 1

Objectives

• To enable the students to study the impact of the Vijayanagar rule.

• To make the students aware of the contribution of the Nayaks to administration and architecture.

• To make the students know about the early resistance against the British.

Unit – I A brief Introduction to Tourism - Definition – India a land of a seasons – beach

Tourism – shore – beach – estuary – lagoons - different types of beach tourism,

Beach activities: beaches at East and West Coast.

Unit – II Beach Tourism Centers: Maharashtra – Gujarat – Karnataka – Kerala – Goa – Diu –

Daman - Lakshadweep.

Unit – III Tamilnadu – Marina – Mamallapuram – Pitachayvaram – Tuticorin - Kanyakumari -

Pondicherry.

Unit – IV Andaman, Andrapradesh – Orissa – West Bengal.

Unit – V Beach Tourism Trade: Fisheries, trade, handicraft, coral, shell, pearl.

Text Book

1. Rama Charya – Tourism and Cultural Heritage of India

Books for Reference

1. Aruna Despande, India – A travel Guide

2. Kailash Hariharan Iyer – Tourism Development in India

3. Pran Nath Seth, Sushma Seth Bath – An Introduction to Travel and Tourism

4. Pran Seth-India – A Travelers Companion

5. Pushpinder S. Gill – Tourism Planning and Management

6. Ratandeep singh – Introduction of Tourism in India.

Semester – VI

Core – IX Political History of Tamil Nadu from A.D. 1336 to 2000


Objectives

• To enable the students to study the impact of the Vijayanagar rule.

• To make the students aware of the contribution of the Nayaks to administration and architecture.

• To make the students know about the early resistance against the British.

Unit – I Vijayanagar Empire – Battle of Talikotta – Battle of Thoppur – Administration -

Contribution to Art and Literature.

Unit – II Nayaks of Madurai – Viswanatha Nayak – Tirumalai Nayak – Rani Mangammal –

Nayaks of Tanjore – Raghunatha Nayak – Vijaya Raghava Nayak – Nayaks of Ginji –

Krishnappa II – Contribution of the Nayaks to Administration, Art and Architecture.

Unit – III Sethupathis of Ramnad – Kizhavan Sethupathi – Maratha Rule in Tanjore –

Venkoji – Shaji – Serfoji II – Contribution to Art and Architecture.

Unit – IV Poligars – Kattabomman – Maruthu Pandyan – South Indian Rebellion – Vellore Mutiny

– Role of Tamilnadu in the Freedom Struggle.

Unit – V Justice Party – E.V.R. and Self-Respect Movement – Tamilnadu under Rajaji – Kamaraj

– Annadurai.

Text Book

1. Rajayyan, K., Tamilnadu – Real History, Raj Publishers, Madurai, 1982.

Books for Reference

1. Subramanian N. History of Tamil Nadu Vol. II

2. Rajyyan K. History of Tamil Nadu

3. Pillai K.K. Social History of Tamils

4. Sathianathaier R. History of the Nayaks of Madurai

Objectives

• To make the students understand the reaction against liberalism.

• To develop the analytical study of the world wars and their impact.

• To understand the various political alliances in Europe.

Unit – I France on the Eve of French Revolution – Different Phases of the Revolution – Its

Results and Importance.

Unit – II Rise and Fall of Napoleon – Napoleonic Wars – Reforms – Continental System –

Congress of Vienna and Concert of Europe.

Unit – III Unification of Italy – Mazzini – Cavour – Garibaldi – Unification of Germany – Role of

Bismark.

Unit – IV The Crimean War – War time Alliances – First World War – Causes – Course and

Results – Treaty of Versailles – League of Nations.

Unit – V Hitler and Mussolini – Second World War – Causes – Course and Results –UNO and Its

Achievements.

Text Book

1. Khurana, K.L., Modern Europe, Lakshmi Narain, Agarwal Publications, Agra, 1979.

Books for Reference

1. Bhattacharee, Arun, A History of Europe, Sterling Publication, New Delhi, 1975.

2. Fisher, A.A.C., History of Europe, Eyre, Spottiwoode, London, 1989.

3. Gate, South, A Text Book of Modern European History, J.M. Dent and Sons., London, 1970.

4. Grant, A.J. and Temperley, Harold, Europe in the 19th and 20th Centuries,

LongmanPublications, London, 1971.

5. Hazen, Charles Dower, Modern Europe upto 1945, S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi,

1956.

6. Mahajan, V.D., Europe Since 1789, Chand Co., New Delhi, 1970.

Semester – VI

Core – X History of Europe from A.D. 1789 to 1945


Semester – VI

Core – XI International Relations from A.D.1945 to 2000


Objectives

• To familiarize the students with contemporary world.

• To highlight the burning problems of the present day.

• To enable the students appear for the competitive exams.

Unit – I United Nations Organisations – Its Structure and Functions – Achievements of the U.N.O

– Disarmament – Nuclear Test Ban Treaty – Non-Proliferation Treaty –SALT – CTBT.

Unit – II Cold War – Truman Doctrine – Marshall Plan – NATO – CENTO – SEATO – Warsaw

Pact – Anzus Pact – Cold War in Korea, Vietnam, Cuba - Berlin Crisis.

Unit – III European Economic Community – European Common Market – OAU – G8 – ASEAN –

SAARC.

Unit - IV Soviet Union – Gorbachev – Glasnost and Perestroika- Soviet Disintegration – Apartheid

in South Africa.

Unit – V Middle East Crisis – Arab-Israel War – Palestinian Liberation Organisation (P.L.O) –

Oil Diplomacy – Gulf War.

Text Book

1. Khurana, K.L., The Twentieth Century World, Lakshmi Narain Agarwal, Agra, 2005.

Books for Reference

1. Burton, J.W., International Relations, George Allen and Unwin Pvt.Ltd., Bombay, 1971.

2. Frankel, Joseph, International Relations, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 1967.

3. Holsti, International Politics, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1978.

4. Palmer and Perkins, International Relations, AITBS Publishers & Distributors, Delhi, 2000.

5. Sen, A.K., International Relations since 1919, S. Chand & Co., Ltd, New Delhi, 1993.

Objectives

• To make the students realize the importance of the study of history.

• To make the students familiar with the prominent historians.

• To create an awareness about the art of historical writing.

Unit – I History – Meaning and Scope – Nature – Purpose.

History – Science or Art? Its Uses, Abuses and Lessons.

Unit – II History’s and its allied subjects - Theory of Causation – Role of Individuals, Ideas.

Unit – III Reputed Historians: Herodotus, Thucydides, Cornelius Tacitus, Livy, St.

Augustin, Edward Gibbon, Kalhana, Karl Marx, Arnold J. Toynbee, K.A.N. Sastri, K. K.

Pillai, N.Subramanian and K. Rajayyan.

Unit – IV Sources for the Study of Indian History – Archaeological, Epigraphic, Numismatics and

Literary.

Unit – V Selection of Topic – Collection of sources, Objectivity and Subjectivity Criticism –

Stages of Thesis Writing – Footnotes, Bibliography.

Text Book

1. Rajayyan, K., History in Theory and Method, Ratna Publications, Madurai, 2004.

Books for Reference

1. Ali, Sheik., History – Its Theory and Method, Delhi, Macmillan India Ltd., Madras, 1993.

2. Khurana, K.L., Concepts and Methods of Historiography, Lakshmi Narain Agarwal, Agra,

2006.

3. Sreedharan, E., A Text book of Historiography 500 B.C to A.D. 2000, Orient Longman, New

Delhi, 2000.

4. Subramanian, N., Historiography, Koodal Publishers, Madurai, 1993.

Semester – VI

Core – XII Historiography


Semester – VI

Core Elective III Indian Architecture


Objectives

• To create an awareness among the students about the historical places in Tamilnadu.

• To make the students to understand about the development of the historical places in

Tamilnadu.

• To know about the important tourist centres in Tamilnadu.

Unit – I Architecture – General – Definition – Origin & Growth – Nature – Scope – Importance –

Various styles of Architecture – The Nagara, Vesara, The Dravida and their features.

Unit – II Mauryan Architecture – Asoka’s Contribution – The Stupas – Pillars – Cave Sanctuaries

– Foreign Influences.

Unit – III Buddhist Architecture – Stupas – Chaityas – Viharas – Jain Architecture - Caves.

Unit – IV Vijayanagar Architecture – Temple Architecture of the Tamil Kings – The Pallavas – The

Cholas – The Pandyas.

Unit – V Architecture under the Delhi Sultanates – Slave – Khilji – Tughlak – Sayyid – Lodi –

Architecture under the Mughals – Babar – Humayun – Akbar – Jahangir – Shahjahan –

Aurangazeb – Shershah – Architecture under the Westerners.

Text Book

1. Mohideen Badusha, A.H., History of Indian Architecture, Sulthans Publications,

Tirunelveli, 2009.

Books for Reference

1. Pakey Brown : Indian Architecture Buddhist and Hindu Architecture – Volume I & II.

2. Mahalingam: A History India.

3. Mahalingam : Early Architecture.

4. Narayana Iyer : Origin and History of Saivism.