Stent Parameters Predict Stent Parameters Predict Major Adverse Clinical Events Major Adverse Clinical Events and the Response to Platelet and the Response to Platelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Blockade Blockade Findings of the ESPRIT Trial Findings of the ESPRIT Trial James E. Tcheng, MD; Ing Haan Lim, MBBS; Shankar Srinivasan, PhD; Joseph Jozic, MD; C. Michael Gibson, MS, MD; J. Conor O’Shea, MD; Joseph A. Puma, MD; Daniel I. Simon, MD Circulation Cardiovascular Interventions. 2009;2:43-51
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Stent Parameters Predict Major Adverse Clinical Events and the Response to Platelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Blockade Findings of the ESPRIT Trial James E.
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Stent Parameters Predict Major Adverse Stent Parameters Predict Major Adverse Clinical Events and the Response to Clinical Events and the Response to
Platelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa BlockadePlatelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa BlockadeFindings of the ESPRIT TrialFindings of the ESPRIT Trial
Stent Parameters Predict Major Adverse Stent Parameters Predict Major Adverse Clinical Events and the Response to Clinical Events and the Response to
Platelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa BlockadePlatelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa BlockadeFindings of the ESPRIT TrialFindings of the ESPRIT Trial
James E. Tcheng, MD; Ing Haan Lim, MBBS; Shankar Srinivasan, PhD; Joseph Jozic, MD; C. Michael Gibson, MS, MD; J. Conor O’Shea, MD;
Post-hoc analysis of the 1983 pts in ESPRIT receiving a stent
MACE (48 hr, 1 yr) by nominal stent parameters Number of stents implanted (1, 2, >3) Total length of stent (quartiles of mm) Stent diameter (<2.5, >2.5-<3.5, >3.5 mm) Stented vessel area (quartiles of mm2)
Analysis by randomization Placebo versus eptifibatide
Tcheng JE et al. Circ Cardiovasc Intervent; 2009; 2:43-51
Primary Endpoint AnalysisPrimary Endpoint AnalysisEvents to 48 HoursEvents to 48 Hours
Primary Endpoint AnalysisPrimary Endpoint AnalysisEvents to 48 HoursEvents to 48 Hours
52%p=0.02952%
p=0.029
40%p=NS40%p=NS
33%p=0.06433%
p=0.064
40%p=0.001540%
p=0.0015
37%p=0.001537%
p=0.0015
(MB (MB >>5x)5x)(MB (MB >>5x)5x)
n=2064n=2064
50%p=NS50%p=NS
ESPRIT Investigators. Lancet. 2000;356:2037–2044
Efficacy by Clinical SyndromeEfficacy by Clinical Syndrome30 Day death, MI, urgent TVR, bailout IIb/IIIa30 Day death, MI, urgent TVR, bailout IIb/IIIaEfficacy by Clinical SyndromeEfficacy by Clinical Syndrome
30 Day death, MI, urgent TVR, bailout IIb/IIIa30 Day death, MI, urgent TVR, bailout IIb/IIIa
8.0%
12.3%
6.1%7.3%
8.6%
11.4%
8.3%
20.4%
12.1%
17.1%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
stableangina
ACS >48hr
ACS <48hr
ST MI <7d
positive fctstudy
placebo
eptifibatide
8.0%
12.3%
6.1%7.3%
8.6%
11.4%
8.3%
20.4%
12.1%
17.1%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
stableangina
ACS >48hr
ACS <48hr
ST MI <7d
positive fctstudy
placebo
eptifibatide
50%p=0.034NNT=14
50%p=0.034NNT=14
41%p=0.028NNT=18
41%p=0.028NNT=18
23%p=0.3023%
p=0.30
44%p=NS
NNT=11
44%p=NS
NNT=11
31%p=NS31%p=NS
n=794 n=794 (38%)(38%) n=664 n=664 (32%)(32%) n=279 n=279 (14%)(14%) n=93 n=93 (5%)(5%) n=187 n=187 (9%)(9%) Puma JA et al. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;47:715–718.
De
ath
, MI,
urg
ent T
VR
Number of stents
40%
30%
20%
10%
01 2 ≥3
P=0.001
MACE at 48º by Number of Stents
Tcheng JE et al. Circ Cardiovasc Intervent; 2009; 2:43-51
EptifibatidePlacebo
<15 15 to <18 mm 18 to <30 mm
P=0.030
≥30 mm
P=0.003
MACE at 48º by Stent Length40%
30%
20%
10%
0
EptifibatidePlacebo
Total length of implanted stent(s)
De
ath
, MI,
urg
ent T
VR
Tcheng JE et al. Circ Cardiovasc Intervent; 2009; 2:43-51
≤2.5 mm >2.5 to <3.5 mm ≥3.5 mm
P=0.002
40%
30%
20%
10%
0
EptifibatidePlacebo
De
ath
, MI,
urg
ent T
VR
Stent diameter
MACE at 48º by Stent Diameter
Tcheng JE et al. Circ Cardiovasc Intervent; 2009; 2:43-51
<141 141 to <188 188 to <292 ≥292
P=0.039
P=0.002
40%
30%
20%
10%
0
EptifibatidePlacebo
MACE at 48º by Stented Vessel AreaD
ea
th, M
I, u
rgen
t TV
R
Stented vessel area (mm2)
Tcheng JE et al. Circ Cardiovasc Intervent; 2009; 2:43-51
Total stent length (mm)
Me
an
ste
nt d
iam
ete
r (m
m)
20
6
5
4
3
2
1
040 60 80 100 120
Stent Diameter vs. Length
Tcheng JE et al. Circ Cardiovasc Intervent; 2009; 2:43-51
1 2 ≥3
P=0.005
40%
30%
20%
10%
0
EptifibatidePlacebo
MACE at 1 year by Number of StentsD
ea
th, M
I, T
VR
Number of stents
Tcheng JE et al. Circ Cardiovasc Intervent; 2009; 2:43-51
P=0.034
P=0.024
<15 15 to <18 mm 18 to <30 mm ≥30 mm
40%
30%
20%
10%
0
EptifibatidePlacebo
MACE at 1 year by Stent LengthD
ea
th, M
I, T
VR
Total length of implanted stent(s)
Tcheng JE et al. Circ Cardiovasc Intervent; 2009; 2:43-51
≤2.5 mm >2.5 to <3.5 mm ≥3.5 mm
P=0.005
40%
30%
20%
10%
0
EptifibatidePlacebo
MACE at 1 year by Stent DiameterD
ea
th, M
I, T
VR
Stent diameter
Tcheng JE et al. Circ Cardiovasc Intervent; 2009; 2:43-51
<141 141 to <188 188 to <292 ≥292
P=0.023
40%
30%
20%
10%
0
EptifibatidePlacebo
MACE at 48º by Stented Vessel AreaD
ea
th, M
I, T
VR
Stented vessel area (mm2)
Tcheng JE et al. Circ Cardiovasc Intervent; 2009; 2:43-51
0.1 1 10
Eptifibatide Better Placebo BetterNumber of Stents
12≥3
Stent Length (mm)<1515 – <1818 – <30≥30
Stent Diameter (mm)≤2.5>2.5 – <3.5≥3.5
Stented Vessel Area (mm2)<141141 – <188188 – <292≥292
Odds Ratios of MACE at 48º
Tcheng JE et al. Circ Cardiovasc Intervent; 2009; 2:43-51
0.1 1 10
Number of Stents12≥3
Stent Length (mm)<1515 – <1818 – <30≥30
Stent Diameter (mm)≤2.5>2.5 – <3.5≥3.5
Stented Vessel Area (mm2)<141141 – <188188 – <292≥292
Eptifibatide Better Placebo Better
Odds Ratios of MACE at 1 year
Tcheng JE et al. Circ Cardiovasc Intervent; 2009; 2:43-51
Stent Parameters and MACE
In the placebo group, MACE rates increased as the number of stents increased, with increasing total length of stent, and with total stented vessel area relationship nearly linear with total stented
vessel area
Risk gradient significantly flattened by eptifibatide
Eptifibatide had significant efficacy with: >2 stents >18 mm total stent length