Statistics Project Report PGDM Final

8/17/2019 Statistics Project Report PGDM Final

1/45

Course Title: Decision Perspective of Management

Submitted to:

Dr. Anita Patra

Associate Professor, CSREM

Submitted by:

Atulya Kr. Mishra (S1001)

Subhasish Das (S101)

Post !ra"uate Di#lo$a in Mana%e$ent, CSREM

Pa%e 1 of 45


2/45

CET!"!C#TE

&his is to certify that the 'inal Re#ort of lie #roect, sub$itte" by Atulya Ku$ar

Mishra*Subhasish Das in #artial fulfill$ent of the re+uire$ents for the n" tri$ester of Post

$raduate Diploma in Management fro$ Centurion Sc%ool &f ural Enterprise

Management' Parala(%emundi' is a recor" of an in"e#en"ent -or "one by the$ un"er $y

%ui"ance an" su#erision. &heir -or is ori%inal an" has not been else-here sub$itte". / a$

#lease" to say that their #erfor$ance "urin% the #erio" of lie #roect -as etre$ely

satisfactory.

/ -ish to the$ to %et success in their life.

Date: )))*)))*)))))

Place: P##+#,-EM./D! Signature

Pa%e 0 of 45


3/45

#C,/&+ED$EME/T

Eery successful eent on earth bears the si%nature of not only the $an -ho has achiee" it

but also those -ho hae been instru$ental an" also an i$#ortant #art an" #arcelof the eent

to acco$#lish it.

e "ee$ it a #riile%e an" #leasure in sub$ittin% the #roect re#ort on2Contribution of

Micro Entrepreneurs in !ndian Economy3-hich is in #artial fulfill$ent of the

re+uire$ents of P!DM #ro%ra$ of Centurion School of Rural Enter#rise Mana%e$ent,

Paralahe$un"i.

e -oul" lie to eten" our sincere %ratitu"e an" #rofoun" thans to Dr $CPatro

Director' CSEM6 an" Dr #nita Patra #ssociate Professor' P$DM6 for their %ui"ance,

co2o#eration an" aluable fee"bac eten"e" to us to co$#lete the #roect re#ort.

e also -oul" eten" oursincere thans to-ar"s all the Micro Entre#reneurs of

Paralahe$un"i, a to-n in 3"isha-hich beca$e the base of this stu"y, for their aluable

su##ort an" su%%estions -hich enriche" this stu"y.

4esi"es this, -e -oul" also lie to #lace on recor" our thans to-ar"s the nu$ber of #eo#le

that -e $et "urin% the course of research stu"y. Due to constraints of s#ace, it -oul" not be

#ossible to na$e all of the$.

Pa%e 7 of 45


4/45

Synopsis * #bstract

S$all Scale /n"ustries (SS/s) #lay an i$#ortant role as less ca#ital2intensie #ro"ucers of consu$er %oo"s an" #roi"ers of e$#loy$ent to labor thereby a""ressin% the #roble$s of

re"ucin% the #oerty an" une$#loy$ent. Accor"in% to rou%h esti$ates of 005206 there are

about 115.78 lah SS/ units (re%istere" an" unre%istere") in the country accountin% for $ore

than 60 #ercent of %ross alue of out#ut in the $anufacturin% sector an" about 56 #ercent of

the total e#ort of the country. /t #roi"es e$#loy$ent to about 91.5 lah #ersons, -hich is

secon" only to a%riculture. 3ne of the $easures of the #olicy su##ort for #ro$otin% S$all

Scale /n"ustries is the #olicy of reseration of econo$ically iable an" technically feasible

ite$s for eclusie $anufacture in SS/ sector. &he #olicy of reseration initiate" in 179

#ri$arily as #ro$otional an" #rotectie $easure is2:2is the lar%e scale sector, %rant

#rotection to SS/ units by #reentin% fresh ca#acities bein% create" in the lar%e scale sector in

areas -hich are techno2econo$ically hi%hly suitable for bein% taen u# in the s$all scale

sector. &he only ece#tion bein% the case of lar%e2scale units, -hich un"ertae $ini$u$

leel of e#orts as 98; of their total #ro"uction. &he /DR act -as a$en"e" in March 17une 005 an" 08 as on 0th 3ctober 006.&he S$all

Scale Sector has ac+uire" a #ro$inent #lace in the socio2econo$ic "eelo#$ent of the

country "urin% the #ast fie "eca"es, contributin% to the oerall %ro-th of the %ross "o$estic

#ro"uct to-ar"s e$#loy$ent %eneration an" e#orts. Durin% the year 00205 SS/

contribution to the !ross Do$estic #ro"uct -as .


5/45

S$all scale in"ustries are #ro"uction units -ith a ca#ital inest$ent u#to Rs. 1 crore. SS/s

can be "ii"e" into three cate%ories@

• Cotta%e in"ustries

• A%ro base" in"ustries• S$all in"ustries

/t #resents an entirely "istinct #attern of "eelo#$ent an" e$#hasis the i$#ortance of s$all

in"ustries in the /n"ian econo$ic "eelo#$ent, the /PR. 178, state"@ &hey #roi"e

i$$e"iate lar%e scale e$#loy$entB they offer $etho"s of insurin% a $ore e+uitable

"istribution of national inco$e an" they facilitate an effectie $obiliation of resources of

ca#ital an" sill -hich $i%ht other-ise re$ain unutilie". So$e of the #roble$s that

un#lanne" urbaniation ten"s to create -ill be aoi"e" by the establish$ent of s$all center of

in"ustrial #ro"uction all oer the country. &here is the ar%u$ent relatin% to allocation

efficiency an" the on2%oin% "ebate about relatie $erits of lean #ro"uction an" $ass

#ro"uction.

&he surey con"ucte" by us in the #roect is focuse" on Micro Entre#reneurshi# an" the

influence of business in the lifestyle of the $icro entre#reneurs. Alon% -ith it, this #roect

re#ort also enli%htens the influence of $icro entre#reneurshi# in the econo$y of /n"ia.

eference:

Econo$ic Surey 009 0


6/45

T#8+E &" C&/TE/TS:

• &itle Pa%e (1)

• Certificate ()

• Acno-le"%e$ent (5)

• Syno#sis = Abstract (6)

• References (8)

• /ntro"uction (9)

• 3bectie of Stu"y (9)

• Metho"olo%y, Source an" &ools (


7/45

!ntroduction

Micro entre#reneurs are the o-ners of s$all businesses that hae fe-er than fie e$#loyees

an" hae startu# costs of less than F58,000 an" annual reenue of less than F100,000.

Ea$#les of $icro entre#reneurs are o-ners of baeries, beauty #arlours, chil" care

facilities, re#air sho#s, arts an" crafts sho#s, #aintin% businesses, contractin% businesses,

fa$ily2o-ne" sho#s, auto bo"y sho#s, s$all2scale restaurants, an" s$all2inentory tra"in%

businesses.

Micro entre#reneurs face $any hur"les in %ettin% start u# financin%, an" they so$eti$es lac

the sills necessary to $ana%e the financial as#ect of their business. As a result, $any $icro

entre#reneurs cannot %ro- an" "eelo# their business beyon" a $icro enter#rise. Garious

$icro enter#rise "eelo#$ent #ro%ra$s hae hel#e" $icro entre#reneurs achiee %reat

success an" %ro-th. &hese $icro enter#rise "eelo#$ent #ro%ra$s hae i$$ensely hel#e"

$icro entre#reneurs -ho lac collateral nee"e" to secure a loan or those -ho hae lo- or no

cre"it by #roi"in% the$ -ith trainin%, su##ort, hel# in "eelo#in% a soli" business #lan, an"

assistance in buil"in% their businesses. Successful $icro entre#reneurs hae contribute"

$uch to society by creatin% -ealth, econo$ic assets, an" obs.

&here are 155.78 lahs s$all scale sectors in /n"ia an" their contribution in /n"ian Econo$y

accounts for $ore than 60 #ercent of !ross Do$estic Pro"uct an" about 56 #ercent of the

countryHs e#ort. Seein% to the hu%e %ro-th of this sector, this surey -as con"ucte" at the

$icro leel to focus on the real influence of this business in the life of the $icro

entre#reneurs an" thereby in the econo$y of /n"ia at a $acro leel analysis.

&bective of Study

&he #roect re#ort is "esi%ne" an" $o"elle" ee#in% arious obecties un"er consi"eration

-hich eentually "esi%ne" the +uestionnaire for the surey. &he #ri$e focus is bein% e#t on@

i) Micro entre#reneurshi# in the lielihoo" of co$$on $an influence of business

in the life of the $icro entre#reneurs.

ii) Role of S$all Scale /n"ustries in the econo$y of /n"ia.

iii) /nfluence of econo$ic fluctuations in the life of $icro entre#reneurs.

Pa%e ; of 45


8/45

Met%odology' Source and Tools

&he surey -as con"ucte" in the to-n of Paralahe$un"i in the state of 3"isha -ith a

sa$#le sie of 80 $icro entre#reneurs chosen ran"o$ly on the basis of si$#le ran"o$sa$#lin%. A +uestionnaire -as #roi"e" to each of the res#on"ents an" on the basis of -hich

the analysis -as $a"e ai$in% to the conclusion.

/ote: Soft-are use" for analysis inclu"e MS Ecel, SPSS an" Minitab

#nalysis

•&he sna#shot of the se%re%ation of the stae hol"ers bein% sureye"@

$eneral Stores 5"amily 8usiness60

5

10

1010

6 68

4

6

Segregation of Sta(e%olders under survey

Frequency

esults of


9/45

&enureof the

business

!eneralStores

('a$ily4usiness

)

'oo"Seller

4aeries4eauty

Parlours

S$allRestaurant 3-ner

S$all/nentory&ra"in%4usiness

!ar$ents,Arts an"

Craft

Ro-&otals

0 yrs.

0 0 0 0 0 6

6yrs.

0 0 0 0 0 0

6 yrs.

0 6 0 0 6 1

<yrs.

0 6 0 1

J &han <yrs.

6 6 6 6 0 0

Colu$n&otals 10 10 < 6 80

General Stores (Family Business)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2

0

2

0 0 0 0

2

0

0

0 0 0 0

2 2

0

42

0

24 4

2 2

4

4

0

> Than 8 yrs.

6 8 yrs.

4 6 yrs.2 4 yrs.

0 2 yrs.

!mplications: A$on% the res#on"ents sureye", the $ai$u$ #ortion has been "oin% the

business for $ore than < years -hich sho-s the i$#act of $icro entre#reneurshi# in the

lielihoo" of co$$on #eo#le.

. ho lai" the foun"ation of the businessI

!eneralStores

('a$ily4usiness)

'oo"Seller

4aeries4eauty

Parlours

S$allRestaurant

3-ner


!ar$ents, Arts an"

Craft

Ro-&otals

Pro#rietor hi$self

6 6 50

Pa%e > of 45


10/45

'a$ily business

6 6 0 0 1<

Relatiesan"

'rien"s0 0 0 0 0 0

Colu$n&otals

10 10 < 6 80


Foo! Seller

Ba"eries

Beauty #arlours

Small $estaurant %&ner

Small 'nentory Tra!in Business

Garments* +rts an! ,ra-t

0 /0 100

6

6

4

2

2

4

6

4

2

2

4

6

0

0

0

2

0

0

0

0

0

$elaties an! Frien!s

Family usiness

#rorietor himsel-

!mplications:Since the $ai$u$ #ro#ortion of the #eo#le sureye" is foun" to be "oin% the

business alone for the $any years, it also enli%htens the fact of ra#i" %ro-th of $icro

entre#reneurs in rural /n"ia an" the stability #roi"e" by the business in the life of the $icro

entre#reneurs.

5. hat is the #attern of your o#erationI

4usinessPattern

!eneralStores

('a$ily4usiness)

'oo"Seller

4aeries4eautyParlours

S$allRestaurant

3-ner


!ar$ents,Arts an"

Craft

Ro-&otals

Manufacturer

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Seller < 0 0 6

Manufacture

r an" Seller both

10 6 0 < 0 0 6

Colu$n&otals

10 10 < 6 80

Pa%e 1? of 45


11/45

e n e r

a l S t o

r e s

( F a m

i l y B u s

i n e s

s )

G a r

m e n

t s * +

r t s

a n !

, r a -

t0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

8

0

2

6

0

46

2 10

4 08

00

anu-acturer an! Seller

oth

Seller

anu-acturer

!mplications: ?ere the surey resulte" in the cul$ination of both for$s of business, one only

#roi"in% serice an" the other inole" in $anufacturin% an" sellin% at the sa$e ti$e.

6. Do you "eal -ith ersatile #ro"ucts in your outletsI

3#inion

!eneral Stores

('a$ily4usiness)

'oo"

Seller 4aeries

4eauty

Parlours

S$all

Restaurant3-ner

S$all/nentor

y &ra"in%4usiness

!ar$ents,

Arts an"Craft

Ro-

&otals

es < 10 6 0 < 0 5

Lo 0 0 6 6 1<

Colu$n&otals

10 10 < 6 80

Pa%e 11 of 45


12/45

G e n

e r a l

S t o

r e s

( F a m

i l y B u s

i n e s

s )

B e a u

t y # a r

l o u r

s

G a r

m e n

t s * +

r t s

a n !

, r a -

t0

10203040/06008050

100

810

4

0

8

02

20

2

6

0

44

o

7es

!mplications:Gersatility an" "iersification hae been an i$#ortant #ara$eter of $icro

entre#reneurshi# an" -ith the years %oin% by, $icro entre#reneurs are looin% for-ar" to

e#an" their olu$e of business as this has beco$e the #ri$e $e"iu$ of their lielihoo"

-hich a%ain focuses u#on the "eelo#$ent of rural /n"ia -ith the #ath of %lory of the %ro-th

an" "eelo#$ent of S$all Scale /n"ustries, both re%istere" an" unre%istere".

8. hat -as the initial inest$ent for the businessI

/nest$ent

!eneralStores

('a$ily4usiness)

'oo"Seller

4aeries4eautyParlour

s

S$allRestaurant

3-ner

S$all/nentor y &ra"in%4usiness

!ar$ents,Arts an"

Craft

Ro-&otals

than Rs.18,000

6 0 0 010

Rs. 18,000 Rs. 50,000

0 6 6 0 01

Rs. 50,000 Rs. 68,000

0 0 6 0 10

Pa%e 10 of 45


13/45

Rs. 68,000 Rs. 0,000

0 6 0 61<

Colu$n&otals

10 10 < 6 80


Foo! Seller

Ba"eries

Beauty #arlours




0 2 4 6 8 10

2

4

0

2

0

2

0

0

2

4

4

0

2

0

2

2

0

0

4

0

2

6

2

2

0

4

0

4

$s. 4/*000 $s. 60*000

$s. 30*000 $s. 4/*000

$s. 1/*000 $s. 30*000

than $s. 1/*000

!mplications:&he initial ca#ital ineste" arie" fro$ one business to another in accor"ance

to their res#ectie #atterns but it -as seen that the $ai$u$ #ro#ortion of res#on"ents

incurre" a ca#ital inest$ent of Rs. 68,000 to Rs. 0,000, -hich clearly satisfies the criterion

of S$all Scale /n"ustries an" also the inest$ent %ro-th of the sector on a $acro leel.

. hat is the $onthly inco$e %enerate" fro$ the businessI

Monthly/nco$e

!eneralStores

('a$ily4usiness

)

'oo"Seller

4aeries

4eautyParlours

S$all

Restaurant3-ner


!ar$ents,

Arts an"Craft

Ro-&otals

than Rs.10,000

6 0 0 0 16

Rs. 10,000 Rs. 0,000

6 0 0 1

Rs. 0,000 Rs. 50,000

0 0 0 6 6 1

Rs. 50,000 Rs. 60,000

6 0 6 0 0 1

Colu$n&otals

10 10 < 6 80

Pa%e 17 of 45


14/45

2

4

2

6

than $s. 10*000

General Stores (FamilyBusiness)

Foo! Seller

Ba"eries Beauty #arlours

Small $estaurant %&ner Small 'nentory Tra!in

Business

Garments* +rts an!

,ra-t

4

22

2

2

$s. 10*000 $s. 20*000General Stores (Family

Business)

Foo! Seller



Business

Garments* +rts an!

,ra-t

2

42

4

$s. 20*000 $s. 30*000General Stores (Family Business) Foo! Seller


Small $estaurant %&ner Small 'nentory Tra!in Business


Pa%e 14 of 45


15/45

2

42

4

$s. 30*000 $s. 40*000General Stores (Family Business) Foo! Seller


Small $estaurant %&ner Small 'nentory Tra!in Business


!mplications:&he $onthly inco$e %enerate" has sho-n a "iersifie" se%re%ation in

accor"ance to the nature of the business an" also the tenure of the business. Still the first slab

has accounte" for the $ai$u$ nu$ber of #eo#le, -hile the other three has been co$#etitie

-ith the sa$e nu$ber of #eo#le fallin% in each stratu$.

9. At -hat ti$e of the year the sale of the #ro"ucts is $ai$u$I

&i$in%s

!eneralStores

('a$ily4usiness)

'oo"Selle

r 4aeries

4eautyParlour

s

S$allRestaurant

3-ner


!ar$ents,Arts an"

Craft

Ro-&otals

A#ril 2 >une 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 6

>uly 2Se#te$ber

6 6 6 0 0 0 0 1

3ctober 2Dece$ber

0 6 0 0 0 6 16

>anuary 2 March 0 0 0 0 0 6

All the year roun"

0 0 < 0 0 1

Colu$n &otals 10 10 < 6 80

Pa%e 15 of 45


16/45

G e n

e r a l

S t o

r e s

( F a m

i l y B u s

i n e s

s )

S m a l

l $ e s

t a u r

a n t % &

n e r

0123456789

10

4

4 40 0 0 0

0

40

0 04

6

0 0

26

8 00

+ll the year roun! 9anuary : arch

%ctoer : ;ecemer

9uly : Setemer

+ril : 9une

!mplications:'or the serice sectors, the sale of the serices re$ains so$eho- consistent all

oer the year roun", but for so$e s#ecific $anufacturin% an" een serice sectors, the secon"

financial +uarter see$s to be boo$in%, the reasons accountin% for the festials.


17/45


Foo! Seller

Ba"eries

Beauty #arlours




0 2 4 6 8 10

0

2

0

0

0

0

0

4

2

2

4

0

0

0

2

2

2

2

0

0

2

0

2

0

0

4

4

2

4

2

2

0

4

0

2

> than $s. 10*000

$s. 8*000 : $s. 10*000

$s. /*000 $s. 8*000

$s. 2*000 $s. /*000

than $s. 2*000

!mplications:&he #ros#ect of $icro entre#reneurshi# is easily "e#icte" by the aboe table

-hich sho-s the sain%s of the $icro entre#reneurs ($onthly), lea"in% to -ellbein% of their

lielihoo" an" also the "eelo#$ent of this sector alon% -ith the years, lea"in% to e#orts an"

the increase" "e$an".

7. hat -as the $onthly inco$e before startin% the businessI

/nco$e

!eneralStores

('a$ily

4usiness)

'oo"Selle

r


S$allRestaurant

3-ner

S$all/nentor y &ra"in%

4usiness

!ar$ents,Arts an"

Craft

Ro-&otals

than Rs.8,000

< < 6 6 6 6 5<

Rs. 8,000 Rs. 10,000

0 010

Rs. 10,000 Rs. 0,000

0 0 0 0 0 0

Rs. 0,000 Rs. 50,000

0 0 0 0 0 0 00

Colu$n

&otals 10 10 < 6 80

Pa%e 1; of 45


18/45

8< 21

8< 21

4< 114< 11

4< 11

4< 116< 16

than $s. /*000

General Stores (Family

Business)

Foo! Seller



Business


2

2

2

2

2

$s. /*000 $s. 10*000General Stores (Family

Business)

Foo! Seller



Business


m i l y

B u s i

n e s s

)

! i n

B u

s i n e

s s

00./

11./

2

0 0 0 0

2

0 0

$s. 10*000 $s. 20*000

$s. 10*000 $s. 20*000

!mplications:&he aboe table clearly sho-s the "ifference $icro entre#reneurshi# has

resulte" in in"ii"ualsH inco$e an" e#en"iture an" also #er ca#ita inco$e. &he co$#arison

bet-een the inco$e of the #eo#le before an" after startin% the business clearly focuses on the

%ro-th of this sector.

Pa%e 1= of 45


19/45

10. ?o- $any "e#en"ants are there in your fa$ilyI

Lu$ber

!eneralStores

('a$ily4usiness

)

'oo"

Seller

4aeries

4eauty

Parlour s

S$all

Restaurant3-ner


!ar$ents,

Arts an"Craft

Ro-&otals

than 5 < < 6 0 6 <

5 8 0 6 < 0

8 2 9 0 0 0 0 0 0

J than 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colu$n&otals

10 10 < 6 80


Foo! Seller

Ba"eries

Beauty #arlours




0 1 2 3 4 / 6 8 5 10

8

8

4

2

0

2

4

2

0

2

4

8

2

2

0

2

0

0

0

0

0

> than

/ :

3 /

than 3

11. /n the oerall tenure, -hich year(s) has=hae been the $ost #rofitable an" has=hae

yiel"e" the $ai$u$ %ro-th fro$ the business #oint of ie-I

ears

!eneralStores

('a$ily4usiness)

'oo"

Seller 4aeries

4eauty

Parlour s

S$all

Restaurant3-ner

S$all/nentor

y &ra"in%4usiness

!ar$ents,

Arts an"Craft

Ro-

&otals

1778 177<

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

177< 001

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

00 008

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

00 007

6 0 0 0 6 0

010 till no-

6 6 < 6 50

Pa%e 1> of 45


20/45

Colu$n&otals

10 10 < 6 80

r a l S

t o r e

s ( F

a m i l y

B u s

i n e s

s )

S m a l l

$ e s t

a u r a

n t % &

n e r

010203040/06008050

100

0

0.6 0.6 0.6

0 0 0

0.6

0.4 0.4 0.33 1 1 1 0.33

2010 till no&

2006 2005

2002 200/

1558 2001

155/ 1558

!mplications:&he /n"ian Rural Maret -as not that $uch influence" by the %lobal $elt"o-n

that ha##ene" in 00


21/45

e n e r

a l S t o

r e s

( F a m

i l y B u s

i n e s

s )

m a l

l ' n

e n t o

r y T r a

! i n

B u s

i n e s

s

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

42 2 2

6

0

4

68 4 4

2

4

2

=omen >mo&erment

Social Status

Sanitation

>!ucation

!mplications:Social Status an" E"ucation are the $ost i$#ortant features of lielihoo" that

-itnesse" a #ositie effect of $icro entre#reneurshi#.

15. ?o- $any e$#loyees are -orin% in your businessI

Lo. of E$#loyees

!eneralStores

('a$ily4usiness)

'oo"Seller

4aeries4eauty

Parlours

S$allRestaurant

3-ner


!ar$ents,Arts an"

Craft

Ro-&otals

N < 6 6 6 0 6 505 0 0 0 0

6 6 0 0 0 10

8 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 6

Colu$n&otals

10 10 < 6 80

Pa%e 01 of 45


22/45

o. o- mloyes


Foo! Seller

Ba"eries

Beauty #arlours




0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

0

8

4

4

4

0

4

6

3

0

2

0

2

2

0

0

4

2

4

2

0

2

0

0

5

0

0

0

0

4

0

0

!mplications:Mai$u$ $icro entre#reneurs e$#loy less than e$#loyees in their o-n

business, -hich also su##orts the feature of S$all scale sectors.

16. Are there any fe$ale e$#loyees -orin% in your businessI

!eneralStores

('a$ily

4usiness)

'oo"Seller

4aeries4eauty

Parlours

S$allRestaurant

3-ner

S$all/nentor y &ra"in%

4usiness

!ar$ents,Arts an"

Craft

Ro-&otals

es 0 0 0 1

Lo < < 6 6 5<

Colu$n&otals

10 10 < 6 80

G e n e

r a l S

t o r e

s ( F

a m i l y

B u s

i n e s

s )

B e a u

t y # a r

l o u r

s

G a r

m e n

t s * +

r t s

a n !

, r a -

t

012345

6789

10

2 20 0

6

02

8 8

6 6

2

4 4

o

7es

Pa%e 00 of 45


23/45

!mplications: o$en e$#o-er$ent also sho-s a %ro-th rate, thou%h +uite slo- by irtue

of $icro entre#reneurshi#.

18. /s your business affecte" by econo$ic fluctuations lie inflation, "eflation an" increase of

annual %ro-th rate an" also by natural cala$itiesI

!eneralStores

('a$ily4usiness)

'oo"Seller


S$allRestaurant

3-ner


!ar$ents,Arts an"

Craft

Ro-&otals

es 6 0 0 < 0 0 1<

Lo 6 0 6 5

Colu$n

&otals

10 10 < 6 80

6< 33

4< 22

8< 44

7esGeneral Stores (Family

Business)

Foo! Seller



Business


4; 13%6; 19%

6; 19%6; 19%

4; 13%

6; 19%

o

General Stores (Family

Business)

Foo! Seller



Business


!mplications:As bein% "iscusse" aboe, the #reious table su##orts the sa$e ie- that this

sector is less affecte" by the econo$ic fluctuations.

Pa%e 07 of 45


24/45

Some %ypot%esis tests to find t%e role of micro entrepreneurs%ip in t%e life

of people:

16 -?: T%ere is no significant difference in t%e investments of different business ie

@iAs are e


25/45

&otal


26/45

&otal


27/45

6

&otal 19.8956

!nference: Since Ϝcalculate" Ϝcritical, -e acce#t ?0 -ith 78; confi"ence leel i.e. there is no

si%nificant "ifference bet-een the ti$e of $ai$ie" sale of the #ro"uct or serice.

46 -?: T%ere is no significant difference betHeen t%e mont%ly savings generated

from different business vs -1: -? is false

/n this test, AL3GA &-o factor -ithout re#lication is use".

Decision rule: /f Ϝcalculate"JϜcritical, ?0 is reecte", other-ise acce#te" -ith O leel of

si%nificance. (O N .08 taen)

Calculations:

TSS i F 60for all i,, N !ran" Mean

SSN n i G 60for all i,

CSS N $ F 60for all ,

ESS TSS F CSS F SS

Degree of "reedom:

TSS $n 2 1

SS $ 21

CSS n 2 1

ESS ($21) (n21)

MS RSS= $21, N MSR=MSEϜ

MSC CSS= n21, N MSC=MSEϜ

#/&B#

Source of Bariation SS df MS " " critical

Ro-s 1.8916 6 5.16


28/45

Error 89.


29/45

&he confi"ence interal is@

Monthly/nco$e

!eneral Stores('a$ily

4usiness)2after

!eneral Stores('a$ily 4usiness)2

beforeDifferences

Absolute"ifference

than Rs.10,000

10

< <

Rs. 10,000 Rs. 0,000

60

26 6

Rs. 0,000 Rs. 50,000

0

2

Rs. 50,000 Rs. 60,000

0

2

Colu$n &otals 10 10 0 1

DN 6Sample Std .


30/45

n

D

D

n

1i

i∑==

Di 1i F 0i' so the i2th #aire" "ifference -ill be

&he #oint esti$ate@

1n

)D(D

S

n

1i

,

i

D−

−

=

∑=

?ere, the stan"ar" "eiation for the #o#ulation is unno-n. So -e shall

esti$ate the #o#ulation stan"ar" "eiation by sa$#le stan"ar" "eiation.

&he for$ula is@

n

S

QDt

D

D−

=

n

SD1−± nt D

&he test statistics is@ , -here t has n21 ".f an"


Monthly /nco$e4aeries 2

after 4aeries2 before

Differences

Absolute"ifference

than Rs. 10,000 6 6

Rs. 10,000 Rs. 0,000 0 2

Rs. 0,000 Rs. 50,000 0 0 0 0

Rs. 50,000 Rs. 60,000 0 2 Colu$n &otal 0 <

DN Sample Std 1.57751

t statistic N 5 an" t criticalN.8908


31/45

Reect ?0

2.8908


32/45

Monthly/nco$e

'oo"Sellerafter

'oo"Sellerbefor

eDifferences

Absolute"ifference

than Rs.10,000

6<

6 6

Rs. 10,000 Rs. 0,000

0 0

Rs. 0,000 Rs. 50,000

00

0 0

Rs. 50,000 Rs. 60,000

60

26 6

Colu$n &otals 10 10 0 <

DN

Sample Std .507601099

t statistic N .95


33/45

1n

)D(D

S

n

1i

,

i

D

−

−

=

∑=

?ere, the stan"ar" "eiation for the #o#ulation is unno-n. So -e shall

esti$ate the #o#ulation stan"ar" "eiation by sa$#le stan"ar" "eiation.

&he for$ula is@

n

S

QDt

D

D−

=

n

SD1−± nt D



Monthly /nco$eS$all

Restaurant

3-ner 2 after

S$allRestaurant

3-ner2before

Differences Absolute "ifference

than Rs.10,000

06

6 6

Rs. 10,000 Rs.0,000

0

Rs. 0,000 Rs. 50,000

6

2

Rs. 50,000 Rs.60,000

60

26 6

Colu$n &otal < < 0 1

Pa%e 77 of 45


34/45

DN 5Sample Std 1.18690085<

t statistic N 9.56


35/45

n

S

QDt

D

D−

=

n

SD1−± nt D



Monthly/nco$e

S$all /nentory&ra"in% 4usiness2

after

S$all /nentory&ra"in%

4usiness2beforeDifferences

Absolute"ifference

than Rs.10,000 0 6 6 6

Rs. 10,000 Rs. 0,000

0

2

Rs. 0,000 Rs. 50,000

0

2

Rs. 50,000 Rs. 60,000

00

0 0

Colu$n &otal 6 6 0 <

DN Sample Std 1.57751

t statistic N .6676


36/45

Decision rule: /f Ϝcalculate"JϜcritical, ?0 is reecte", other-ise acce#te" -ith O leel of

si%nificance. (O N .08 taen)

Calculations:

TSS i F 60for all i,, N !ran" Mean



ESS TSS F CSS F SS

Degree of "reedom:

TSS $n 2 1

SS $ 21

CSS n 2 1

ESS ($21) (n21)



#/&B#

Source of Bariation SS df MS " " critical

Ro-s 16 1 16 1 8.7


37/45

concerne". At the sa$e ti$e, the rate of %ro-th is on a stee# #ositie slo#e an" this sector is

also less affecte" by the econo$ic fluctuations i. inflations, "eflations etc.

ole of Small Scale !ndustries in !ndian Economy:

&he s$all scale in"ustrial sector -hich #lays a #iotal role in the /n"ian econo$y in ter$s of

e$#loy$ent an" %ro-th has recor"e" a hi%h rate of %ro-th since in"e#en"ences in s#ite of

stiff co$#etition fro$ the lar%e sector an" not encoura%in% su##ort fro$ the %ot. &his is

ei"ence" by the nu$ber of re%istere" units -hich -ent u# fro$ 1000in 1780 to 5000

units in 171 an" to 55.9lah units in 0002001 "urin% the last "eca"e alone the s$all scale

sector has #ro%resse" fro$ the #ro"uction of si$#le consu$er %oo"s to the $anufacture of

$any so#histicate" an" #recision #ro"ucts lie electronic control syste$ $icro-ae

co$#onents, electro2$e"ical e+ui#$ent, teleision 2sets etc.

&he %ot. has been follo-in% a #olicy of reseration of ite$s for eclusie

"eelo#$ent in the s$all scale sector at the ti$e of the 179 census of s$all scale in"ustrial

units, there -ere 199 ite$s in the resere" list by 17


38/45

annu$. So far as e#orts by SS/ sector are concerne" they increase fro$ Rs.7.0


39/45

'ourth census of MSME sector esti$ate" that 9; of the MSMEs are $anufacturin%

enter#rise an" 55; are serice enter#rises. 3biously the %ro-th rate of the s$all scale

sector has been faster both in ter$s of out#ut an" e$#loy$ent in other -or" the out#ut

e$#loy$ent ratio for the s$all scale sector is [email protected]. &he ra#i" %ro-th of the s$all scale

in"ustries has a %reat releance in our national inco$e #olicies. /n this connection -e $ay

refer to the relatiely lo- ca#acity utiliation in the s$all scale in"ustries. &he ca#acity

utiliation in the s$all sector as a -hole -as of the or"er of 85;. &here -ere ho-eer $any

units hain% hi%h ca#acity utiliation that is in"ustries utiliin% 02 of 45


40/45



ESS TSS F CSS F SS

Degree of "reedom:

TSS $n 2 1

SS $ 21

CSS n 2 1

ESS ($21) (n21)



AL3GA

Source of Bariation SS D" MS ""

critical

Ro-s 1.68ET15 16 1.06ET1 1.068< .05861

Colu$ns 6.97ET1 .57ET1 .68755 5.5605


41/45

Productiony6 N OIeIports6, -here O an" U are the #ara$eters to be esti$ate".

&he Lor$al e+uations are@

Vy N nO T UV

Vy N OV T UV

So, solin% the e+uations, the re%ression e+uation is@

#ro"uction(y) N 2 75


42/45

Lear

$DP G

/ominal

in !/

Crores 6

EIport

in !/

Crores6

EIports)SS

! in !/

Crores6

Production)SS!

contributio

n

contribution

1776278101896


43/45

• Proble$ of ra- $aterial

• Proble$ of #o-er

• Proble$ of $aretin%

• E#ort "ifficulties

•

Proble$ of technical no-ho-• Proble$ of in"ustrial relations

• !ro-in% sicness an" $ortality a$on% these units

Suggestions for groHt%:

• Part %ains be consoli"ate"

• Deelo#$ent $easures be s#rea"

• A "iscri$inatin% #ro%ra$ of assistance be for$ulate"

• Pro"uctiity nee" be i$#roe"

• Assistance #ro%ra$s nee"s be tace"

• Sill base" nee"s be i$#roe"

• /nter2in"ustry lina%es be #roi"e"

• orl" class facilities nee" be #roi"e"

• Maretin% assistance be #roi"e"

• E#orts nee" be #roi"e"

• Maret intelli%ence be su# #le"

• o-2cost auto$ation shoul" be encoura%e"

Conclusion:

&he $icro an" $acro leel as#ects of $icro entre#reneurshi#, bein% enli%htene" in the

#roect %ies a clear sna#shot of the contribution of s$all scale in"ustries in the "eelo#in%

econo$y of /n"ia. &he incre$ent of total nu$ber of fir$s in SS/ shall "elier #ositie

outco$es $ain% /n"ia a better #lace to lie in, both fro$ the socio #olitical an" econo$ic

#oint of ie-.

#nneIure

Questionnaire

La$e of the Micro Entre#reneur@!en"er@

La$e of the 3utlet@4usiness Pattern@ Place@

Sho#3-ner

'oo"Seller

4aeries 4eautyParlours

Art an"Craft

S$allRestaurant

S$all /nentory&ra"in%

Pa%e 47 of 45


44/45

('a$ily

4usiness)Sho#s 3-ner 4usiness

1. hen "i" you start your businessIa. 0 yrs. b. 6 yrs. c. 6 yrs.". < yrs. e. J &han < yrs.

. ho lai" the foun"ation of the businessIa. Pro#rietor hi$self b. 'a$ily business c. Relaties an" 'rien"s

5. hat is the #attern of your o#erationIa. Manufacturer b. Seller c. Manufacturer an" Seller both

6. Do you "eal -ith ersatile #ro"ucts in your outletsIa. esb. Lo (/f es, then the #ro"ucts sol" in the outlet)

8. hat -as the initial inest$ent for the businessIa. thanRs. 18,000 c. Rs. 50,000 Rs. 68,000

b. Rs. 18,000 Rs. 50,000 ". Rs. 68,000 Rs. 0,000

. hat is the $onthly inco$e %enerate" fro$ the businessIa. thanRs. 10,000 c. Rs. 0,000 Rs. 50,000

b. Rs. 10,000 Rs. 0,000 ". Rs. 50,000 Rs. 60,000

9. At -hat ti$e of the year the sale of the #ro"ucts is $ai$u$I

a. A#ril 2 >une ". >anuary March b. >uly 2 Se#te$ber e. All the year roun"c. 3ctober 2 Dece$ber


45/45

1. hich section of your lifestyle has been $ostly influence" by the businessIa. E"ucation c. Social Status

b. Sanitation ". o$en E$#o-er$ent

15. ?o- $any e$#loyees are -orin% in your businessIa. c. 6

b. 5 ". 8

16. Are there any fe$ale e$#loyees -orin% in your businessIa. es b. Lo

18. /s your business affecte" by econo$ic fluctuations lie inflation, "eflation an"

increase of annual %ro-th rate an" also by natural cala$itiesIa. es b. Lo

Statistics Project Report PGDM Final

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