CONTENT No . Title Pages 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Problem Definition/Introduction Concept Project Objectives and Scopes Drawings Calculations Discussions Conclusion References
CONTENT
No. Title Pages
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Problem Definition/Introduction
Concept
Project Objectives and Scopes
Drawings
Calculations
Discussions
Conclusion
References
MECHANICS STATICS 1 MEMB 123
INTRODUCTION
In this project, we were asked to design a hoist support which implies everything
that we learnt in this course. A hoist support length by 200mm and 350mm stand were
designed specifically to hold at least 10 Newton or 1 kilogram of loads. With minimal
usage of materials, the width is about 50mm. The materials that only can be use are
tongue depressors, clothes peg, ice cream sticks , glue guns and glue sticks, and also
string. As what had been stressed, we finally build our prototype due to design,
calculations and equilibrium conditions.
We need to document at least two alternatives complete with sketches and
descriptions. Then, after making discussion between group members, we need to choose
the best approach design of hoist support to make the prototype. We also need to decide
on design details such as materials, construction method, tolls and dimensions. We then
prepared the detailed design of our hoist support. Finally, we presented our prototype and
had been tested by 10 Newton loads given by our instructor. As per requirement, we
handed our final report due to date outlined by our instructor.
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We had been browsing through the internet and finally decided on our concept for
this project. Our main concept is according to a crane. A crane is a lifting machine
equipped with a winder, wire ropes or chains and sheaves that can be used both to lift and
lower materials and to move them horizontally. It uses one or more simple machines to
create mechanical advantage and thus move loads beyond the normal capability of a
human. Cranes are commonly employed in the transport industry for the loading and
unloading of freight; in the construction industry for the movement of materials; and in
the manufacturing industry for the assembling of heavy equipment.
There is a major consideration that is taken into account in the design of cranes. The first
is that the crane must be able to lift a load of a specified weight and the second is that the
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crane must remain stable and not topple over when the load is lifted and moved to
another location.
In order for a crane to be stable, the sum of all moments about any point such as the base
of the crane must equate to zero. In practice, the magnitude of load that is permitted to be
lifted (called the "rated load" in the US) is some value less than the load that will cause
the crane to tip.
Under US standards for mobile cranes, the stability-limited rated load for a crawler crane
is 75% of the tipping load. The stability-limited rated load for a mobile crane supported
on outriggers is 85% of the tipping load.
The tower crane is a modern form of balance crane. Fixed to the ground (or "jacked up"
and supported by the structure as the structure is being built), tower cranes often give the
best combination of height and lifting capacity and are used in the construction of tall
buildings. To save space and to provide stability the vertical part of the crane is often
mounted on large beams, braced onto the completed structure, being lifted from one floor
to the next as the structure grows.
By the concept of the tower crane, we build our hoist support considering several
calculations to ensure that our prototype is stable enough to hold the loads given.
PROJECT OBJECTIVE AND GOALS
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We had been asked to build a model of a hoist support that can hold a load of 10N
using a minimum of materials.
As to complete the task, we were outlined to several goals to achieve along the
process. First goal is to learn the design process. We had joined our heads together to
create ideas in producing the best sketch and to plan the project outgoing process. Next,
we may see practical applications for trigonometry, physics, and statics. From this goal,
we can apply whatever we have learned in class. This is important to ensure that the hoist
support is extremely stable and can hold the given load. The third goal is to improve
skills associated with collecting data and drawing meaningful conclusions. We had been
measuring and all the data had been recorded as we may refer to it whenever we need to
calculate and build our prototype. Then we can cultivate leadership within the team. As a
team, we need a leader to ensure the effectiveness of each member. The leader plays a big
role and this will grant the task to complete due to datelines given. Last but not least, to
recognize the necessity of good communication skills for engineers by working in team,
completing memos, reports, drawings, and presentations. These skills may allow us to
apply them not only on this project, but later in real working field.
PROCESS AND PROCEDURE
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1. We produced two sketches on our project. By discussions, we decided on
choosing one best sketch as our next step.
2. After choosing the sketch, we then prepared the proposal. Then we handed the
proposal in need due to the timeline given.
3. Before starting the project, we collected several materials and tools limited as
printed in the project outlines such as; Wooden Tongue Depressor, Carpenter
Glue, Glue gun, Knife / Scissors, String, Mini-saw, Load-hanger.
4. Due to the calculations and drawing, we provided 3 boxes of Wooden Tongue
Depressor which each of it consists of 100 pieces.
5. We started the process by measuring the structure and planning on our materials.
Measuring had been done carefully to avoid any deviation.
6. Then we cut the wooden pieces due to specific measurement. We divided into
three partitions which are base part, hoist stand and the hoist part.
7. We keep on going by joining small parts into big parts and forming the hoist. This
step was done by gluing the small pieces together. Then we combined part by part
until we get the real hoist support, matched with our drawing.
8. To finish building the prototype, we buttered our hoist support with carpenter
glue. This is to ensure that our prototype is stable and have strong joining to
encounter loads.
9. Using the prototype, we then complete our calculations due to equilibrium
conditions.
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10. Finally, we completed the report and handed it on the date outlined by the
instructor.
THINGS USED
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Views of prototype
:
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Side view
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Front view
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Top view
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3D view
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Base view
Back view
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DISCUSSIONS
In this part, we are to discuss about problems encountered during the project. We
found out that every process had specific problems and we had solved them due to
complete the project.
Started on selecting the best sketch, we had to discuss several time as to choose
the most appropriate sketch providing less material but truly strong and stable enough to
hold 10 Newton. We encountered this problem by doing rough calculations and
comparing each sketches on certain criteria. Finally, we picked the best sketch with wise-
usage of materials and provide stability to hold loads, at least 10 Newton.
As our group members were having class til late evening, we found out that it was
hard for us to get together all the time. As the best solution, we did the project in the late
night and comparing our schedule to get the suitable timeslot in completing this project.
We had been dividing the workload to ensure all members contribute equally the
same. This is important so that each member may practice their skills that they had
learned in class.
Other problems occurred when we were hands on the project. These include the
deviation during measurements, cutting the wooden pieces accurately, joining the parts
and ensure the stability of the hoist. We had been very accurate where we had to cut the
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pieces over and over again until we have the right dimension. Same as the gluing process,
we did the process neatly and perfectly nice looking and stable.
CONCLUSION
After deciding on the sketch, and based on the tower crane concept, we finally
completed the task of building the hoist support. We choose the concept because it is able
to give maximum support with effective usage of materials. Our bridge support can hold
more than 50 Newton of loads. We reduced the weight by using less material as possible
so that it would not give extra force.
By examining the prototype, the main strength of the hoist support is the base part
where we can improve the stability by widen the base part. The joining also played their
role by supporting the force due to the load. We had ensured the joining to be attached
strongly. The most important is the hoist part that has to be strong enough to support the
loads. If the hoist part is fragile, it may be broken by the time it receives extra force by
the load. We had applied the calculation based on what we learnt in this subject,
providing the suitable materials. For the advantage, we presented our prototype based on
proper calculations and the unique creativity of our group members. We hope that we
may apply all these skills in real work later on.
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REFERENCES
Title : Engineering Mechanics-STATICS
Eleven Editions in SI Units
Author : R. C. Hibbeler
Publisher : PEARSON Prentice Hall
www.wikipedia.com
http://www.liebherr.com/cr/en/default_cr.asp
http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?
p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=9831
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TITLE:HOIST SUPPORT PROJECT
SUBJECT:MECHANICS STATICS 1 (MEMB123)
PREPARED FOR:MR.BAN KEAN NAM
PREPARED BY:
KEVINRAJ MANIAM (ME085581)SURAIN ELENDRAN (ME085666)MUNILRAJ (ME085470)RAVI VARMAN (ME085652)
DATE SUBMITTED:09-03-2011
SEMESTER:1
(2010/2011)
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