I know matter has measurable physical properties and those properties determine how matter is classified, changed, and used. I can classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy. (5.5A)
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STATES OF MATTER...The Physical States of Matter . Solids •A solid is matter that has a definite shape and takes up a definite amount of space. •The particles in a solid are close
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I know matter has measurable physical properties and those properties determine how matter is classified, changed, and used.
I can classify matter based on physical properties, including mass,
magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in
water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy. (5.5A)
What is Matter? • Everything in the universe that has MASS and takes
up space (has volume) is classified as MATTER.
5.5AB 4.5AB 3.5ABC
Vocabulary Preview • Matter
• Physical Properties
• Mass
• Magnetism
• Physical State – Solid
– Liquid
– Gas
• Volume
• Temperature
• Heating
• Cooling
• Boiling point
• Freezing point
• Density
• Sinking
• Floating
• Conduct
• Insulate
• Thermal energy
• Electric energy
• Mixtures
• Maintain
• Iron Filings
• Solution
• Solubility
• Dissolve
What is Matter?
• All matter is made up of small particles called
molecules.
• These molecules are so small that they can be
seen only with the strongest microscopes.
• The arrangement of molecules and the amount of
energy in the molecules give matter properties
(characteristics/qualities).
Physical Properties
• The physical properties of matter are
measurable.
• Physical properties are features you can
observe with your senses.
• Physical properties are characteristics you can
measure with a tool.
• Physical properties are qualities that can be
changed without changing the matter itself.
What are the physical properties of matter?
1. Mass
2. Volume
3. Temperature
4. Magnetism
5. Physical State (solid, liquid, gas)
6. Relative Density
7. Solubility in Water
8. Ability to Conduct thermal energy or electric energy
9. Ability to Insulate thermal energy or electric energy
Mass
• Mass is the amount of matter something
contains.
• Scientists measure the mass of matter instead
of the weight of matter.
• Mass is measured in metric units.
• Mass is measured with a balance.
• Mass is not effected by gravity like weight is.
The mass of a dog is the same on Earth as it is
on the moon. The weight of a dog is greater on
Earth than on the moon.
Volume
• All matter has volume.
• Volume is the amount of space something
takes up.
• Volume is measured in two ways.
– 1. use a ruler: length x width x height
– 2. use a graduated cylinder (displacement)
Density
• Items that are not dense will float.
• Items that are very dense will sink.
• Relative Density is the physical property of matter
that compares the amount of matter to the space
taken up.
• When we talk about density, we are usually
referring to “how crowded” the molecules are.
• Density can be measured in grams per milliliter (
g/ml ).
• Solids are the densest phase of matter.
• Gases are the least dense.
Magnetism • Magnetism is a type of force, an attraction, that pulls across a distance.
• Matter that contains Nickel, Iron, or Cobalt are magnetic.
• Steel is made of Iron, so a magnet attracts anything made of steel like paper
clips, staples, and food cans.
• Not all metals are attracted to a magnet. The metal must contain iron to be
magnetic.
A magnet does NOT attract aluminum, most coins, glass, plastic, wood, or
rubber.
• The center of the earth is iron which is why we have magnetic poles and
why a compass works.
• A magnet is an object that attracts certain metals (mainly iron).
• One end of a magnet is called the south pole. The other end is called the
north pole.
• One end of a magnet repels while the other attracts.
• Opposite poles attract.
• The same poles repel.
Temperature
• Temperature measures the physical property of ‘how hot’ or ‘how cold’ material is.
• Celsius is the common unit of measurement for temperature C
• Thermometers are the scientific tools used to measure temperature.