States of Matter States of matter= the physical forms in which a substance can exist EXAMPLE: water exists in solid (s), Liquid (l), and gas (g) forms.

States of Matter• States of matter= the physical forms in which a

substance can exist • EXAMPLE: water exists in solid (s), Liquid (l), and gas (g) forms

• Solid water= ice• Liquid= water • Gas= steam (water vapor)

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Moving particles make up matter!!• Matter consists of tiny particles

called atoms & molecules that are too tiny to see with a microscope

• Atoms and molecules are constantly moving and bumping into one another!

• Atoms and molecules are attracted to each other

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Model of a solid

• SOLID= state in matter that has definite shape and volume

• Particles are STRONGLY attracted

• Held tightly in place• Particles VIBRATE in place

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1. Solid

Definite shape

Definite volume

Tightly packed. Slowly vibrating molecules and atoms. They do not change position

2 types of solids1. Crystalline

• Very orderly, 3-dimensional, particles arranged in a repeating pattern of rows

• EXAMPLES: iron, diamond, and ice

2. Amorphous• Composed of atoms or

molecules that are in no particular order or pattern

• EXAMPLES: rubber and wax

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Model of liquid• LIQUID= matter that takes the

shape of its container and has definite volume

• Particles are able to slide past one another

• Move fast enough to overcome the attraction between them

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2. LiquidsNo definite shape

Definite volume

Takes the shape of the container and has a horizontal surface

Move faster, less tightly packed. Can change position

2 Liquid Properties

1. Surface tension= the force acting on the particles at the surface that causes a drop to look spherical

• Different liquids have different surface tensions

2. Viscosity= liquids resistance to flow

• Stronger the attraction, MORE viscous• Weaker the attraction, LESS viscous

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Model of a Gas• GAS= matter changes

both shape and volume• Move fast enough to

overcome attraction• Particles move

independently from each other

• Amount of empty space can change

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3. Gases

No definite shape or volume

Molecules spread out to fill container

Temperature and pressure changes have large effects on gases

Very spread out, moving very quickly

Gas Under Pressure• Pressure= the amount of force exerted on a given area

• # of collisions in a closed container• As the # of collisions increase, force increases, pressure increases

Review:

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States of Matter States of matter= the physical forms in which a substance can exist EXAMPLE: water exists in solid (s), Liquid (l), and gas (g) forms.

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