State-making Strategy and Regional Development from late Qing Empire to People’s Republic of China Wensheng Wang Department of History UH Manoa.

State-making Strategy State-making Strategy and Regional Development and Regional Development

from late Qing Empire to People’s from late Qing Empire to People’s Republic of ChinaRepublic of China

Wensheng Wang Wensheng Wang

Department of HistoryDepartment of History

UH ManoaUH Manoa

Lower Yangzi Delta:Lower Yangzi Delta:Economic and Cultural Heartland of China Economic and Cultural Heartland of China

after the 11after the 11thth century century

China’s loess plateau China’s loess plateau

Loess soil in north and northwest ChinaLoess soil in north and northwest China

(loess-fine wind-driven earth)(loess-fine wind-driven earth)

Building dikes on the Yellow RiverBuilding dikes on the Yellow River

“

“Suspended River”

Granary System:Granary System:Transporting rice to famine areaTransporting rice to famine area

Geographical pattern of population growthGeographical pattern of population growth

Route of Route of Taiping Taiping Advance Advance 1851-31851-3

Taiping Regime at its Height

Nian rebellion in North ChinaNian rebellion in North China((1852 – 68)1852 – 68)

Muslim Rebellions in XinjiangMuslim Rebellions in Xinjiang(1854–73, 1866-77) (1854–73, 1866-77)

The The People’s People’s

CommuneCommuneis good!is good!

Speed up the Speed up the mechanization mechanization of agriculture, of agriculture,

19601960

Developing Heavy IndustryDeveloping Heavy Industry

““Steel Steel industry is industry is

the the foundation foundation

of all of all industries” industries”

Hukou (residence card)Hukou (residence card)Employment, medicare

Retirement, housing, education, birth

A sculpture showing the start of the A sculpture showing the start of the “Household responsibility system”“Household responsibility system”

November 24, 1978 November 24, 1978

The rise of The rise of Township and Village Enterprises Township and Village Enterprises

State‑owned factories State‑owned factories

China's Signing World Trade China's Signing World Trade Agreement, 2001Agreement, 2001

Shenzhen Shenzhen at Night at Night

Go West Initiative Go West Initiative

Hydro stations planned for construction Hydro stations planned for construction from 1987 onfrom 1987 on

Water Availability Per Capita, 2007Water Availability Per Capita, 2007

Muslim Province of Xinjiang Muslim Province of Xinjiang

Peasant Peasant migrant migrant workers workers in citiesin cities

China: urban populationChina: urban population