Startup: Week 4 In the front of your N.B. Review before the quiz… 10 risk factors for heart disease BP lab last week What is the function of the respiratory.

Startup: Week 4In the front of your N.B.

Review before the quiz…10 risk factors for heart diseaseBP lab last weekWhat is the function of the

respiratory system and the structures involved?

Classroom Business! This is week 4. No late work for all previous

assignments accepted after week 4. Be here tomorrow and Wednesday to

analyze data! 5 week grades due next week:

Part 1: Typed lab report for Heart Rate and Blood Pressure lab! Worth 50 points.

Part 2: 1st Notebook check! All warm-ups, handouts, and stamps for assignments are worth 1 point ~ 30-60 HP possible!

Today’s AgendaWeekly Quiz (Risk factors for Heart

Disease, BP Lab, and Respiration)Pass back last week quiz (37-1

Blood Flow)Make sure everyone has complete

data for their lab report.

Startup: How do I write a lab report?Complete in the front of you NB

Step 1: Pick up the “Blood Pressure LAB GRADE Sheet” as you enter.

Step 2: Copy the questions and answer

What three sections are worth the most points? What section has the most parts to it? How many sections are there total to the lab report?

Sample Data Table

PositionHeart Rate (Avg BPM)

Systolic (Avg

mmHg)Diastolic

(Avg mmHg)

Sitting 60 120 80

Standing 65 140 90

Laying Down 58 110 60

Running (2 min) 120 180 110

Sample B.P. GraphBlood Pressure

0

50

100

150

200

Sitting Standing LayingDown

Running(2 min)

Position

Pre

ssu

re (

mm

Hg

)

Systolic (Avg mmHg)

Diastolic (Avg mmHg)

Sample Heart Rate Graph

Heart Rate (Avg BPM)

020406080

100120140

Sitting Standing LayingDown

Running(2 min)

Position

Hea

rt R

ate

(BP

M)

Heart Rate (Avg BPM)

Startup: Ch. 37 VocabularyDo this SU in the BACK of your NB

Atrium Ventricle Pulmonary Circulation

Systemic Circulation

Valve Aorta

Capillary Vein Hemoglobin

Platelet Lymphocytes Bronchus

Alveolus Diaphragm Trachea

Vocabulary for Lab Report

Control GroupsExperimental GroupsStethoscopeSphygmomanometerSystolicDiastolic

Respiratory System

What does it do?

1. RS brings oxygen into the body

2. Oxygenated blood gets pumped by the CS to cells of the body

3. O2 is exchanged for CO2 at the cellular level

4. Deoxygenated blood is transported back to the lungs via the CS

5. CO2 is expelled by the lungs

YEAH! I’M ALIVE!

Your Breathing

1. Have a partner count the number of breaths you take in 15 seconds. Multiply that number by 4 for the number of breaths per minute.

2. Now, take a deep breath and hold it for as long as you can. Have your partner record your time.

Your Breathing

1. Why are there differences in breathing rates among members of the class?

2. What factors might affect how long you could hold your breath?

3. A child having a tantrum declares she is going to hold her breath “until I turn blue!” Do you think this is possible?

Function• Brings oxygen

into the blood and tissues and carbon dioxide out to the air.

Nasal Passageway

• First structure of the respiratory system.• Mucus moistens the air and traps dust.• Cilia sweep dust so that it is swallowed or

spit out.

Structures

• Pharynx– Passageway for air

and food

• Larynx– Vocal cords

• Trachea– Passageway for air

only

Structures

• Bronchi– Passageway

from trachea to lung

• Alveoli– Air sacs in lungs

that are used for gas exchange

Alveoli

Bronchiole

Capillary

There are 150 millionalveoli in each healthylung!

Gas Exchange

• There are 150 million alveoli in each healthy lung.

• Oxygen diffuses from alveoli into blood cells

• Carbon Dioxide diffuses out of blood cells and into avleoli

Lung Capacity

• What do you think Lung Capacity is?

• What factors do you think affect Lung Capacity?

Lung Capacity

• Tidal Lung Capacity– The amount of air moved in and out of your

lungs in one normal breath

• Vital Lung Capacity– The amount of air exhaled after one DEEP

breath• Experimental Value

– Actually measure how much air you exhale

• Calculated Value– Calculate how much air you should be able to exhale

based on body surface area and age

Breathing• The diaphragm is a muscle at the bottom of

the chest cavity that controls breathing.• The diaphragm contracts when a person

inhales.• When using force to blow out, other muscles

are used.

Let’s Review• What is the first structure of the

Respiratory System?

• The _________ are air sacs located in the __________ where gas exchange occurs

• The _________ is a passageway for both food and air

• List the following structures in order:– Bronchi, Larynx, Nasal Passage, Trachea,

Alveoli, Pharynx

Alveoli

Lungs

Pharynx

Nasal Passage

Respiratory System

IV. Diseases of the RSA. Asthma

1. Allergic reaction2. Smooth muscles contract, narrowing

the airways3. Clogs the airways with mucus

B. Bronchitis1. Excess mucus and inflammation of the

bronchioles2. Caused by long-term exposure to

irritants such as cigarette smoke and air pollutants

Respiratory System

C. Cystic Fibrosis1. Genetic defect that causes excessive

mucus production that clogs the airways; die from drowning

D. Pneumonia1. Inflammation of the lungs caused by

Streptococcus pneumoniaeE. Tuberculosis

1. Bacterial infection (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) of the lungs that causes the formation of hard nodules and crusty dead spots in lungs

Respiratory System

V. Effects of Smoking1. Nicotine constricts bronchioles,

decreasing airflow in lungs = bad2. CO binds to hemoglobin reducing O2

carrying capacity = bad3. Irritants in smoke caused increased mucus

secretion and swelling of mucosal lining = bad

4. Irritants in smoke inhibit movement and eventually destroy cilia in lining of RS = bad

5. Over time, the elastic fibers of the lungs are destroyed causing collapse of small bronchioles and the trapping of air in alveoli = bad

Respiratory System

Respiratory System

VI. Smoking-Related DiseasesA. Emphysema: Destruction of the

walls of the alveoli resulting in less surface for gas exchange

Respiratory System

B. Chronic bronchitis: Excessive secretion of bronchial mucus

Respiratory System

C. Lung Cancer: leading cause of cancer deaths in US; most people die within a year of initial diagnosis; 85% of cases are related to smoking

Respiratory System

DON’T SMOKE OR YOU COULD WIND UP LIKE THESE GUYS!!!!!!!