Stars and Stripes Village Master Plan

STARS AND STRIPES

VILLA G E

DYERSBURG ARMY AIRBASEhALLS, TENNESSEE

A2HASKEW HARGRAVES HARCOURT & ASSOCIATES, INC.

3009 DAVIES PLANTATION RD.LAKELAND, TN 38002-8215

PHONE: 901.372.0404 I FAX: 901.373.4002 I WW.A2H.COM

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PREPARED BY:PREPARED FOR:Town of Halls208 Church StreetHalls, TN 38040Phone: 731-836-9653 Fax: 731-836-9654 www.Town.Halls.Tn.Us


STARS AND STRIPES VILLAGE

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Table of contents

AERIAL ILLUSTRATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iTABLE OF CONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3REGIONAL LOCATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4HISTORICAL AERIAL PHOTO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5BASE HISTORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9VETERANS’ MUSEUM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10EXIST ING CONDITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11SITE PHOTOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-13CONCEPTUAL PROGRAMING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14PRELIMINARY CONCEPT PLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15MASTERPLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16AERIAL ILLUSTRATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17OFFICERS’ CLUB AND BASE CHAPEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18HOTEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19FUSELAGE RESTAURANT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20CONTROL TOWER AND BARRACKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

DISCLAIMERThe drawings and maps with this document are for illustrative purposes only and not intended for construction. This document is the property of ASKEW HARGRAVES HARCOURT & ASSOCIATES, INC., and all common law, statutory and other reserved rights shall be retained by same. Any changes made to this document without the expressed written consent of ASKEW HARGRAVES HARCOURT & ASSOCIATES, INC. shall be prohibited and are subject to legal prosecution. If changes are made without consent, the liability of any claim is accepted by the responsible party making the change. This document or any portions of this document may not be reprinted, copied, scanned or reproduced in any way without written permission from ASKEW HARGRAVES HARCOURT & ASSOCIATES, INC. The graphics, images, and photography included in this booklet are for the purposes of conveying design intent. The illustrations are not binding and are subject to change at the owner’s desire. All site design, engineering, architectural graphics, and images are subject to final design and approval. Some images in this booklet have been used to portray potential development characteristics. These images may not be actual ASKEW HARGRAVES HARCOURT & ASSOCIATES, INC. projects. A full list of photo credits can be provided if needed.

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Support of E lected Off icials

Lauderdale County Mayor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rod SchuhHal ls Mayor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eugene PughRepresentat ive (Dist r ict 82) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Craig F i tzhughSenator (Dist r ict 32) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mark Norr isCongressman (Dist r ict 8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Stephen F incher Town of Hal ls Board of AldermenDavid Jennings James TyusMatt Henderson Stan YoungWayne Belton Ty Brasf ield

Lauderdale County Chamber of Commerce

Lauderdale County Economic and Community Development

Veterans’ Museum Board of DirectorsPat Higdon, Pres ident T im Bivens Roger Charest, Vice-Pres ident Johnnie Mathews Martha Cr ites, Treasurer Dale McCasl in Pamela Cherry-Kerby Dot CraddockRonnie Roberts Melba HamiltonJean Spence Betty Lovelace Louis Wheatley

Veterans’ Museum Board of Vis i torsPat Higdon, Chairman - Hal ls , TNJerald Daws, Ret i red Banker - Memphis, TNSter l ing Forsythe, Ret i red Businessman - Carrol l ton, TXDr. Jerry Jernigan - Dyersburg, TNCol. G. L. Jones (USAF Ret) - Frankl in, TNChris Nunn, Banker - Memphis, TNThe Honorable Sammie Arnold - Jackson, TNHenry Cantrel l , Property Development - Boss ier City, LALt. Gen. John G. Castel law (USM Reti red) - Alamo, TNRobert Craddock, Attorney - Memphis, TNDr. Stewart Nunn - Memphis, TN

Ripley Power and Light Mike Al lmand, Pres ident - R ipley, TNGladys Crain, Area Property Owner - Hal ls , TN Barry Br i t t , Al len-Stone, Plant Manager - Hal ls , TNJoe Burrow, Commercial Real Estate Appraiser

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INTRODUCTIONThe Stars and Str ipes Vi l lage is the result of a vis ion of the Town of Hal ls and Pat Hig-don, Pres ident of the Dyers-burg Army Air Base Memorial Associat ion, Inc. (DAAB) and director of the Veterans’ Mu-seum. The concept is sup-ported by the DAAB Board, the Town of Hal ls , and area elected off icials . The Goal i s to preserve the history of the base by developing a region-al tour ist attract ion on the for-mer Airbase concrete apron. Repl ica histor ic st ructures wi l l be bui l t , and the exist ing airport wi l l plan for expan-s ion by opening an addit ion-al runway as the Stars and Str ipes Vi l lage develops into a regional tour ist dest ina-t ion. The Airshow event area wi l l be enhanced with the addit ion of organized park-ing, permanent shade struc-tures, and an event pavi l ion. The exist ing Co-op Dr ive wi l l be real igned to al low for the

creation of a tree- l ined median and the addit ion of s idewalks along the event area. An overnight RV parking area is to be developed on the sect ion of the concrete apron that current ly stores FEMA trai lers . The project wi l l enhance the Mu-seum and the Municipal Airport. Construct ion wi l l include the Base Chapel, Off icers’ Club, Control Tower, Hangar, and Barracks. A per iod Hotel and Fuselage Restaurant are also planned as part of the project. This f i rst phase development wi l l be bui l t on the concrete apron, current ly owned by The Town of Hal ls .

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Stars and stripes village

Regional locationStars and Str ipes Vi l lage is located on the grounds of the Histor ic Dyersburg Army Air Force Base in Hal ls , Tennessee. Hal ls i s a town in Lauderdale County, Tennessee, USA. At the 2010 Census Hal ls’ populat ion was 2,255. The Airbase was the main in land base for the B-17 F ly ing Fortress Bombers in the mid 40s dur ing World War I I .

Nearest ci t ies: Dyersburg, TN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.0 mi lesRipley, TN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.5 mi lesMaury City, TN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.2 mi les Covington, TN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.0 mi lesCaruthersvi l le, MO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.0 mi les

Nearest ci ty with pop. 50,000+:Jackson, TN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.7 mi les, pop. 59,643

Nearest ci ty with pop. 200,000+: Memphis, TN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.8 mi les, pop. 650,100St. Louis , MO .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430 mi les, pop. 319,294

Nearest ci ty with pop. 1,000,000+: Chicago, IL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422.5 mi les, pop. 2,896,016

Information provided by http://www.city-data.com/city/Halls-Tennessee.html

Dyersburg AAF, Halls TN [35 54 13N 89 24 03W] (1942-1946). CCTS, 419th AAF Base Unit. B-17s. Gunnery range at Chisolm Lake; 3 bombing ranges.

http://www.aerofiles.com/usaf-bases.html

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TOHistoric air baseThe Dyersburg Army Air Base (DAAB) was promoted by Congress-man Jere Cooper and solicited by local officials of Dyersburg in 1941. The base was located near the edge of Halls, Tennessee because an Army study indicated that the Lauderdale County site was better suited for the base. Construction began in March 1942 and continued until the Army deactivated the base in 1945. The base area totaled 2,541 acres, not including practice ranges.

The Base was one of the largest combat crew training schools built during the early war years. It was the only inland B-17 training base east of the Mississippi River. Approximately 7,700 crewmen re-ceived their last phase training at DAAB. 115 crewmen lost their lives.

Life on the baseDyersburg Army Air Base had 3 active concrete runways with room to add an additional 3 for a total of 6 runways. The base also contained a hospital, libraries, an Olympic-sized swimming pool, and a 600-seat movie theater.

Barracks were moved from other sites, and the soldiers built many for themselves. However, very little housing was available for families. Cit-izens in Brownsville, Ripley, Halls, and Dyersburg made room for the in-flux of wives, mothers and children who wanted to spend a short time with their soldiers before they were deployed to the European theatre. Attics, garages, and closets were transformed into sleeping areas.

President Harry Truman visited the base during the war. Halls High School sent students and teachers to greet the President’s entourage as they landed at DAAB.

Deactivation of the base When WWII ended in 1945, DAAB was quickly deactivated, and the base was dismantled. The land was sold, and barracks and guard shacks were moved to private property. The former morgue was moved and became a two-bedroom residence later occupied by a Mayor of Halls.

PHOTO DATE: JULY 9, 1945

Dyersburg Army Air Base (DAAB)

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Map Key1 .........................................................................................................ACTIVE RUNWAY2 .........................................................................................................ACTIVE RUNWAY3 ...................................................................................... UNCONSTRUCTED RUNWAY4 ...................................................................................... UNCONSTRUCTED RUNWAY5 ...................................................................................... UNCONSTRUCTED RUNWAY 6 .........................................................................................................................APRON7 ..................................................................................................... RAILROAD TRACKS8 .....................................................................................................RAILROAD STATION9 ..................................................................................................PX. POST EXCHANGE10 ................................................................................................SERVICE MEN’S CLUB11 .................................................................................................................... CHURCH12 ........................................................................................................................... GYM13 ................................................................................................................. BARRACKS14 ...............................................................................................INTELLIGENCE OFFICE15 ...................................................................................PLAYROOM AND MESS HALL16..............................................................................................................POST THEATER

419TH DANCE, MAY 16, 1943PRESIDENT HARRY TRUMAN VISITS BASE

Local citizens and dignitaries lined up to welcome President Harry Truman

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ryBombing range

In addition to the base proper, bombing and gunnery training was conducted at a variety of ranges near and far. One of the earliest bombing ranges in use was located in Dyer Coun-ty, north of Highway 20, and stretching westward from the Obion River to the Mississippi River.

In addition to this Finley range, others were established locally near Ridgely (Lake County) and Covington (Tipton County). Then, in May of 1944, the high altitude bombing range at Shelbyville (Bedford County) was made available to crews for daytime practice, and a new 7,800-acre range with a battleship target was opened near Chisholm Lake in Lauderdale County late in June 1944.

For the training of gunners on the ground, the Poorman’s Range was opened west of Halls, north of Highway 88, and straddling the boundary between Lauderdale and Dyer Coun-ties. For practice in air-to-ground gunnery, crews flew two-thirds of the way across the state to use the Spencer (Van Buren County) range. Air-to-air practice carried the crews some 600 miles south of the field to the Gulf of Mexico, off the coast of Gulfport, Mississippi.

Bomb range information courtesy of Dr. H. Blair Bentley, Professor Emeritus of History, Dyersburg State Community College.

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Dyersburg Army Air Base (DAAB) Women’s Army Corps (WAC) in forma-tion in front of base barracks. The Women’s Army Corps (WAC) was the women’s branch of the US Army. It was created as an auxiliary unit, the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC), on May 15, 1942 and con-verted to full status as the WAC in 1943.

ABOVE: FRONT ROW (L TO R) Samual Hall, Fred Samu-els, Michael Egan, Max Anderson, James Ellis. REAR ROW (L To R) Donald Bestelmeyer, Howard Rayford, William Hess, Frederick Needles.

BELOW: The photo lab was essential at the base. Shown below is the Photo Officer and assistant laying out photo sheets.

BELOW: The base quatermaster’s cold storage build-ing, where meat was purchased from area cattlemen, processed, and stored.

RIGHT: Color Guard On Ramp.

BELOW: Dance In Service Club.

BELOW RIGHT: Mural In Officers’ Club.

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DEACTIVATION

In 1946 the US Army discontinued opera-tion of the Dyersburg Army Airbase. By the late 1950s, the base’s use was in decline, and the Airforce officially transferred the base to the Town of Halls and the former property owners. The Town of Halls cur-rently owns and manages the airport and the remaining runways and apron area.

After the Army left Dyersburg, the land was returned to farmland and the farmers began growing crops. The Town of Halls took owner-ship of the concrete apron and runways. The property directly adjacent to the runways and existing road system began to devel-op into industrial property. The runways and apron have had many uses over the years. Local businesses have leased the apron from the city for a variety of business uses such as auto auctions, trailer storage, lumber yards, and more. Many Halls residents experienced their first time behind the wheel of daddy’s car on the apron of the former airbase. For a time in the 60s, the concrete apron was used as a speedway and for motor car races.

Today, the only evidence of the base’s loca-tion includes the configuration of crumbling runways, a Norden bombsight storage build-ing, one hangar out of the original five, tall chimneys where the theatre and other sites were located, and a 95-acre concrete apron.

In 1979 the Town of Halls opened the munici-pal airport called Arnold Field Airport, which utilized one of the old runways.

In 1992 the Halls Airbase Museum was co-founded by Pat Higdon and Martha Cites.

BOMB SITE PHOTO FARMING PHOTO

The concrete apron was used as a speed-way and for motor car races in the 1960s.(The above photos were taken by Al Clemens in July 1967, http://www.motoringinvestments.com/Y101.htm)

Existing business located on the former airbase apron.

Farmland located between the former airbase runways.

In 1979 the Town of Halls opened and currently manages Arnold Field, utiliz-ing one of the former airbase runways.

The former Norden bombsight vault still remains on property adjacent to the con-crete apron.

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MVETERANS’ MUSEUM

The Veterans’ Museum was built on the apron of the former Dyersburg Army Air Base in 1997. The base was operational from 1942-45, and was adjacent to the Town of Halls.

The Museum honors veterans from World War II with displays, photographs, and history of the base. The exhibits connect wartime with the civilians in rural West Tennessee and portrays how everyone in the Halls area was af-fected by the base, as well as the War.

The Museum also honors other veterans and active servicemen and wom-en with displays from the different wars and conflicts in which the United States has been involved.

The Museum is owned and operated by The Dyersburg Army Air Base Me-morial Association, Inc., a non-profit organization co-founded in 1992 by Pat Higdon and Martha Cites, both of Halls.

The purpose of this Museum is to preserve materials and artifacts from WWI to date with emphasis on WWII, as a reminder to the older generations and to educate the younger generations about their heritage.

The first Museum was built in 1997. The collection of artifacts more than filled the 4,000 sq. ft. facility; and, in 2004, the Edith Tanner Center was built. Total footage to date is 8,900 sq. ft. Pictures and documents from the National Archives, materials from WWI through Iraq, diaries, personal and official letters, technical publications and divisional histories, WWII and Korean military vehicles, uniforms, and videos excite adults and give the young an opportunity to look at history personally. Unusual exhibits for a private, non-profit museum are three of the murals painted by Ernie Berke while based at DAAB. Photographs of 72 crews are also displayed. Tim Bivens, who is one of the DAAB incorporators, has been able to secure these and many more pictures that reveal base life.

1. Veterans’ Museum facility located on the former Dyersburg Air Base concrete ramp adjacent to the Halls Municipal Airport---Arnold Field.2. (L to R) 4 Bomb Squadron Insignias and the 91st Bomb Group Insignia. These came from the 91st Bomb Group, Eighth Air Force of the U. S. Army Air Force in Bassingbourn, England.3. WWII Jeep on display.4. This exhibit contains two A-2 leather flight jackets of DAAB Veterans and Army Air Force Class A “Pinks and Greens” officer’s uniform that also belonged to a DAAB Veteran. 5. One of the three WWII murals painted by Ernie Berke while he was stationed at DAAB. This is the only original, painted in 1945, for the Open House that year. In 1986 it was rescued from an abandoned, dilapidated building on the former base. The other two murals have been reproduced.

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ORIGINAL DYERSBURG ARMY AIR BASE BOUNDARY

EXISTING LAND OWNERS

AIR SHOW FLIGHT LINE

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Programming

Throughout the planning pro-cess for Stars and Stripes Village, programming decisions were made that helped drive the de-sign team to follow certain con-ceptual paths. As ideas were envisioned, the design team’s direction for the Stars and Stripes Village began to take shape. The team developed a series of goals and objectives that stood out from the rest, and it was de-cided that these principle ele-ments would serve as the guid-ing influences for the Stars and Stripes Village Master Plan.

PRESERVE: The team wants to preserve the history and integrity of the for-mer Dyersburg Army Air Base and surrounding community. Three key elements to be pre-served and enhanced are the 95-acre concrete apron, Nor-den bombsight storage vault, and the former hangar building.

EDUCATE: The team’s goal is to educate the public about the significant role the Air Base played in the history of Halls, TN and the world.

GROW:The goal to grow the Museum and Air Base into a regional tourist’s destination is one of the most important. The goal is for the new investment to create new building and development opportunities for the Museum, Airshow, private en-terprise, and surrounding industry.

The Conceptual Diagram Studies and photos are examples of relationship stud-ies between the various uses of the Village and the surrounding community. The photos help put a visual image to some of the more abstract ideas in the conceptual planning phase.

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lanPreliminary Concept Plan

The development of Preliminary Concept Plans was the next step in the evaluation of the process for the design team. A series of sketches were created that put shapes and forms to some of the abstract elements developed in the Conceptual Programing phase. The illustra-tion on this page is one example of several sketches that were created during the process.

DAAB Program Elements

• Dual-Use Building for Fuselage Restaurant • Creation of Greenspace and Airport Offices • DAAB Industrial Park • Stars and Stripes Business District • Separation of Industrial Traffic • Defined Event Area • Streetlights• Permanent Event Pavilion • Permanent Shade Structures• Organized Parking for Events • Identifiable Entrance to Village Area• Expanded Airport Ramp Area • Preservation of Bombsight Vault • Landscape Median for Co-op Drive

Stars and Stripes Village Program Elements

• Barracks Buildings (4) • Air Base Hangar/Multi-Purpose Building (1)• Control Tower (1) • Chapel (1) • Expanded Existing Museum Building • Officers’ Club (1)• Organized Parking Area • Covered Drop-off for Museum• Memorial Rose Garden • Pedestrian Walkway from Event Area to • Boutique Hotel/Bed & Breakfast Museum and Airport• Gated Entrance • Reflection Garden • Connection between Airport and Restaurant

As the preliminary concept plan evolved several themes began to emerge and helped to form the foundation for future efforts to build upon. Many of these are illustrated and includ-ed in the following Master Plan.

The team was impressed by the assets in DAAB, the Veterans’ Museum, and the Town of Halls. These include its proximity to major transportation routes and metropolitan areas, their strong history and regional significance, the intact downtown core and ongoing revitaliza-tion efforts of the town, and the area’s friendly people and natural resources. These assets, combined with the current leadership and citizen involvement, position the Stars and Stripes Village for a thriving and prosperous future.

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Stars and Stripes Village Master Plan

Technology

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