Stairs. Objectives Be able to calculate size needed for a staircase Apply staircase calculation to own stairs Identify types of staircase designs Gain.
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Slide 1
Stairs
Slide 2
Objectives Be able to calculate size needed for a staircase
Apply staircase calculation to own stairs Identify types of
staircase designs Gain knowledge of general size information
Slide 3
Stairway Series of steps with or without landings or platforms
which is installed between two or more floors of a building
Provides easy access to various levels All styles of homes have
stairs except ________? Ranch Design
Slide 4
Main stairs vs. service stairs Main stairs Generally
prefabricated parts and are of a much better quality than the
service stairs Typically made from hardwoods (oak, maple, birch)
Service stairs Typically constructed on site of Douglas fir or pine
(construction lumber)
Slide 5
Seven types of stairs Straight run L stairs Double-L stairs U
stairs Winder stairs Spiral stairs (Circular stairs)
Slide 6
Straight run stairs No turns Not as expensive as other types to
construct Require a longer open space
Slide 7
L stairs One landing at some point along the flight of steps
long L Used when there is not enough space for straight run
Slide 8
Double L stairs Two 90 degree turns along the flight Typically
not used in residential construction Expensive and break up the
floor plan
Slide 9
U stairs Wide or narrow U Two flights of steps parallel to each
other Landing between the two flights of steps
Slide 10
Winder stairs Pie shaped steps Width of the triangular/pie
shaped steps? Sufficient at midpoint Not as safe as other
stairs
Slide 11
Spiral stairs Gaining in popularity Used where little space is
available Most are made from steel and welded together Not very
safe
Slide 12
Circular stairs Custom made Trapezoid shaped steps Large homes.
Probably too big for your two-story houses
Slide 13
Terminology Open Stairs-stairs that have no wall on one or both
sides Enclosed stairs-have a wall on both sides (housed or box
stairs)
Slide 14
Terminology Landing-floor area at either end of stairs and
possibly in between
Slide 15
Terminology Rail (handrail)- Designed to be grasped by the
hand. They are supported by posts or fixed directly to a wall.
Baluster- Vertical member that supports the handrail.
Slide 16
Terminology Newel-main posts of the handrail at the top, bottom
or points in between where stairs change directions
Slide 17
Newel Handrail
Slide 18
Terminology Stringer (string er)- structural member that
supports the treads and risers Two are usually sufficient. But if
width exceeds 3 feet, a third stringer is needed Housed/ closed
stringer Plain stinger
Slide 19
Plain Stringers Made from fir Risers and treads nailed directly
to the stringer Service stairs, main stairs if they are carpeted
Sturdy Squeaky and do not have a finished appearance Risers are 1in
and treads are typically 2in
Slide 20
Housed Stringers Made from finished lumber Generally precut or
preassembled Stringer is routed to hold the treads and risers
Wedges are driven in to hold in place Glued and nailed in
place
Slide 21
Terminology Nosing-rounded projection of the tread that extends
past the riser
Slide 22
Terminology Tread- horizontal member of each step. Usually 1
thick. Either 10(most popular) or 11 deep Run-the distance from the
face of one riser to the face of the next Total Run-total
horizontal length of the stairs 10-1/2
Slide 23
Terminology Riser-vertical face of a step. Usually thick,
between 7 and 7 5/8 high Rise-distance from the top of one tread to
the same position on the next tread Total Rise-total floor-to-floor
height 7 7 5/8
Slide 24
Terminology Headroom-shortest clear vertical distance between
the nosing on the treads and the ceiling (6-8 minimum) 6-8
min.
Slide 25
Rules Stairs should be minimum 3-0 wide (traffic circulation
rule) The slope of the stairs (rise-run ratio) should be between 30
and 35 deg The sum of two risers and one tread should equal
approximately 25 in The product of the riser height multiplied by
the tread width should equal appox. 75in The sum of one riser and
one tread should be 17-18 inches
Slide 26
Procedures What is your Ceiling Height of your first floor?
(Standard ceiling height: 8 - 12) _________ Add together: finished
floor to finished ceiling (Ceiling Ht.) ________ thickness of
ceiling material (drywall).5 width of floor joists (2 x 10)9.5
thickness of subfloor (.5 plywood).5 thickness of finished floor.75
Total Rise = ________ Ceiling Height Example Problem: 10-0
10-11
Slide 27
Procedures Convert Total Rise from feet to inches. [ _________
x 12 ] + _________ = __________ Divide Total Rise (inches) by 7
(min. riser height) to find the total number of risers for your
stairs. _________ 7 = __________ # of feet leftover inchesTotal
Rise (inches) # of Risers 1011 131.25 18.75
Slide 28
Procedures If your Total Riser # is a decimal, plug the whole
number into the equation below, WITHOUT the decimal part: Example:
If the Total Riser # is 22.18, plug in 22 _________ _________ =
__________ The numbers below would allow you to draw elevations How
many Risers do your stairs have? ________ What is the Height of
Each Riser? ________ Total Rise inches Height of Each Riser
(inches) # of Risers (w/out decimal) 131.25187.29 18 7.29
Slide 29
Procedures Calculate Total Run _________ x [_________ - 1] =
__________ Convert Total Rise and Total Run back into Inches.
_________ 12 = __________ (For Elevations) _________ 12 =
__________ (For Floor Plans) Tread Depth Total Run # of Risers
***THERE IS ALWAYS ONE LESS TREAD THAN RISER Total Rise (in)Total
Rise (ft/in) Total Run (in)Total Run (ft/in) 10.518178.5
131.25approx. 10-11 178.5 approx. 14-10