1 Prof. Stephan Anagnostaras Lecture 6: Multiple Memory Systems: Implicit Memory Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Different types of learning & memory rely on different brain structures Explicit memory Implicit memory Facts (semantic) Events (episodic) Medial temporal lobe; diencephalon Procedural memory: skills & habits (basal ganglia) Skeletal musculature (cerebellum) Classical conditioning Emotional Responses (amygdala) Priming (neocortex) Eyeblink conditioning in rabbit Squire’s Taxonomy of Memory Squire & Zola, PNAS, 1996 Implicit memory is a broader term than explicit memory Basal Ganglia • Can examine Parkinson’s & early Huntington’s Disease • no apparent amnesia (declarative memory ok) But implicit memory problems in “procedural memory” • Perceptual-Motor Learning • Habits • Skills Separate from motor disorders Serial Reaction Time (SRT) Task Subjects are not told about the sequence. SRT Results
6
Embed
Squire’s Taxonomy of Memory Basal Gangliapsy2.ucsd.edu/~sanagnos/6.pdf · 3 Win-Stay Acquisition Trials Double dissociation paper: Electrolytic lesions on win-stay Packard, Hirsh
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Triple D: Neurotoxic BLA lesionsimpair conditioned cue preference
McDonald & White, Behav Neurosci, 1993
�
Proposed characteristics of habitlearning
Squire, 1992:
• Knowledge expressed through performance, rather than recollection• Associations acquired across many trials• Less flexible (less transferable) than declarative learning
Salmon & Butters, 1995: “Habit learning refers to the formation of simple associations in which a neutral stimulus comes to elicit a certain motor response as a function of repeated reinforcement.”
Mishkin et al., 1984:Product of processing is “not cognitive information, but a non-cognitive simulus-response (S-R) bond…what is stored is not objects, emotions…but the changing probability that a given stimuluswill evoke a specific response due to the reinforcement contingencies at that time”
�
Sage & Knowlton, Beh Neurosci, 2000US Devaluation of Win-Stay
US Devaluation(Testing the hypotheses)
Protocol: Train
US devaluation
Test
• If performance does not involve representation of US, the CR should remain intact (e.g., accurate, fast) on test. This would be consistent with an S-R view.
• If performance mediated by representation of US, then recall of devalued US should change the CR (e.g., inaccurate, slow) on test