SPSS Final Report

INDEX

Sr. No. Topics Page No.

1 Background 4

2 Executive summary 5

3 Data Analysis 6-20

4 Literature Review 21

5 Need and scope of study 22

6 Objectives 23

7 Conclusion 24

8 Recommendation 25

9 Limitation 26

10 Learning from study 27

11 Appendix 28-29

12 Glossary 30

13 Bibliography 31

1

BACKGROUND

This report presents selected results from the Environmental awareness Survey and kind of fuel

used in the vehicle. The basic aim of conducting survey was to find out percentage of use of

alternative fuel used in vehicle and people perception about effect of vehicles on environment

pollution. Survey was conducted only on petrol pump using personal interview method with the use

of questionnaire forms. The survey questionnaire includes people preferences while purchasing a

car, environmental awareness, preferences to buy environmental friendly car etc. The questionnaires

are explained properly to the respondents and efforts are taken to collect correct and genuine

response from the respondents. The data will be useful to take necessary actions to reduce

environmental issues.

2

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This research report was prepared by the students of NCRD’s Sterling Institute of Management

(Nerul) in conjunction with the Research Methodology project professor. It provides an analysis of

the barriers to, and influences on, environmental effects by the automobile (Car) users in the

metropolitan regions of Mumbai. The report examines individual factors, with the aim of

identifying points of intervention to improve environmental effects by automobiles.

3

DATA ANALYSIS

4

LIST OF TABLES

Sr. No.

Topics Page No.

1. Mileage 6

2. Price 7

3. Performance 7

4. Aesthetics 8

5. Environment Friendly 8

6. Safety 9

7. Percentage possibility of environmental friendly car purchase v/s Age group 10

8. Chi-Square Test 11

9. How informed are you about environmental issues 15

5

LIST OF DIGRAMS/CHARTS

Sr. No. Topics Page No.

1. Top Most Component Desired 6

2. Mileage 6

3. Price 7

4. Performance 7

5. Aesthetics 8

6. Environment Friendly 8

7. Safety 9

8. Percentage possibility of environmental friendly car purchase v/s Age group 10

9. Damage caused by Petrol/ Diesel users is higher than alternate fuel cars 12

10. Switching off the engine at traffic signal reduces fuel consumption 12

11. I am prepared to suffer some apparent inconveniences 13

12. Creating awareness among auto users 13

13. Do you feel that the govt. should subsidise manufacturers of EFV’s 14

14. Driving at an average speed of 50kmph gives you optimal mileage 14

15. Servicing as recommended by manufacturer improves the mileage of your vehicle 15

16. Reducing A/C usage reduces fuel consumption 15

17. Braking is not as effective as throttling while reducing speed of automobile 16

18. Car pooling / public transport helps to reduce damage to the environment 16

19. How informed are you about environmental issues 17

TOP MOST COMPONENT DESIRED

6

13.5

11.4

52.3

9.1

11.4

2.3

PERCENTAGE

PRICE PERFORMANCE

MILEAGE ESTHETICS

SAFETY ENV

Fig 1

Top most ranking of all six variables has taken and the percentage of each of them is calculated. The above

diagram shows that while purchasing a car people gives prior importance to the mileage of car. Whereas at

the other end they are least bother about purchasing environmental friendly car. These two factors are at the

extremes of the scale where as other factors are given almost equal importance.

1. Mileage

Table 1 fig 2

If we study the above diagram, it concludes that Mileage has been ranked the highest for the most of

the responses. Thus, the study reveals that the most desired aspect of an automobile is mileage

7

Mileage

Frequency Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent

1 23 52.3 52.3 52.3

2 12 27.3 27.3 79.5

3 2 4.5 4.5 84.1

4 1 2.3 2.3 86.4

5 3 6.8 6.8 93.2

6 3 6.8 6.8 100.0

Total 44 100.0 100.0

2. Price

The above diagram depicts that price has given almost equal ranks in all the responses. Thus we

can say that people gives average preferences to prices while purchasing a car.

3. Performance

Table 3 Fig 4

If we study the above diagram, it concludes that Performance has got highest rank at third place. Thus it

says that people gives importance to the performance of the car while purchasing a car.

8

Frequency Percent Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

1 6 13.6 13.6 13.6

2 11 25.0 25.0 38.6

3 9 20.5 20.5 59.1

4 8 18.2 18.2 77.3

5 5 11.4 11.4 88.6

6 5 11.4 11.4 100.0

Total 44 100.0 100.0

Frequency Percent Valid PercentCumulative

Percent

1 5 11.4 11.4 11.4

2 3 6.8 6.8 18.2

3 15 34.1 34.1 52.3

4 7 15.9 15.9 68.2

5 7 15.9 15.9 84.1

6 7 15.9 15.9 100.0

Total 44 100.0 100.0

4. Aesthetics

According to the people response, we can conclude that aesthetics is not places prior importance while

purchasing a car.

5. Environment Friendly

Table 5 Fig 6

The above diagram concludes that Environmental free variable has got lowest response on first rank.

Thus it says that people are least concern about purchasing an environmental friendly car.

9

Frequency Percent Valid PercentCumulative

Percent

1 4 9.1 9.1 9.1

2 2 4.5 4.5 13.6

3 4 9.1 9.1 22.7

4 10 22.7 22.7 45.5

5 6 13.6 13.6 59.1

6 18 40.9 40.9 100.0

Total 44 100.0 100.0

Frequency Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

1 1 2.3 2.3 2.3

2 7 15.9 15.9 18.2

3 8 18.2 18.2 36.4

4 11 25.0 25.0 61.4

5 11 25.0 25.0 86.4

6 6 13.6 13.6 100.0

Total 44 100.0 100.0

6. Safety

Table 6 Fig 7

The above diagram depicts that safety has given almost equal ranks in all the responses. Thus we

can say that people gives average preferences to safety while purchasing a car.

10

Frequency PercentValid

PercentCumulative

Percent

1 5 11.4 11.4 11.4

2 9 20.5 20.5 31.8

3 8 18.2 18.2 50.0

4 7 15.9 15.9 65.9

5 11 25.0 25.0 90.9

6 4 9.1 9.1 100.0

Total 44 100.0 100.0

Percentage possibility of environmental friendly car purchase v/s Age group

Percentage possibility of environmental friendly car purchase

Frequency Percent Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

10 1 2.3 2.3 2.3

25 2 4.5 4.5 6.8

30 4 9.1 9.1 15.9

40 4 9.1 9.1 25.0

50 10 22.7 22.7 47.7

60 5 11.4 11.4 59.1

65 1 2.3 2.3 61.4

70 7 15.9 15.9 77.3

80 6 13.6 13.6 90.9

85 1 2.3 2.3 93.2

90 1 2.3 2.3 95.5

99 1 2.3 2.3 97.7

100 1 2.3 2.3 100.0

Total 44 100.0 100.0

Table 7

Fig 8

The table and chart depicts that Percentage of possibility of purchasing environmental free car is higher in 24 – 36 age group of people. Whereas the lowest possibility of purchasing an environmental free car is in 30 – 36 age group of people.

11

Chi-Square Test

Frequencies

Would you prefer to buy an environment friendly car?

Observed N Expected N Residual

yes 25 14.7 10.3

No 17 14.7 2.3

99 2 14.7 -12.7

Total 44

Table 8

Test Statistics

Would you prefer to buy an

environment friendly car?

Chi-Square 18.591a

Df 2

Asymp. Sig. .000

a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected frequencies less than 5. The

minimum expected cell frequency is 14.7.

Output result analysis-

We performed a chi-square test on how many people would prefer to buy an environment friendly car &

we evaluated that people who would like to buy are f(25) & who would not like to buy is f(17). Thus the

whole data was analysed using a chi-square goodness of fit test. The null hypothesis was rejected x 2(2) =

18.591, P≤ 0.05. Thus we can say that more than half of the people would like to buy an environment

friendly car.

12

1. Damage caused by Petrol/ Diesel users is higher than alternate fuel cars

Fig 9

According to the survey conducted and response given by the people we came to the conclusion that damage caused by petrol/diesel users is higher than alternate fuel cars is truth.

2. Switching off the engine at traffic signal reduces fuel consumption

Fig 10

According to the response given by people, most of the people feel that switching off the engine at

traffic signal reduces fuel consumption

13

1 – Myth

2 – Half Truth

3 - Truth

1 – Myth

2 – Half Truth

3 - Truth

3. I am prepared to suffer some apparent inconveniences for the sake of a better tomorrow by using Eco-friendly vehicles

Fig 11

According to the survey conducted and response given by the people we came to the conclusion that

they are prepared to suffer some apparent inconveniences for the sake of a better tomorrow by

using Eco-friendly vehicle

4. Creating awareness among auto users about the environment will lead to increase in sales of Eco friendly vehicles

Fig 12

According to the survey conducted and response given by the people we came to the conclusion that

creating awareness among auto users about the environment will lead to increase in sales of eco

friendly vehicles is truth.

14

1 – Myth

2 – Half Truth

3 - Truth

1 – Myth

2 – Half Truth

3 - Truth

5. Do you feel that the govt. should subsidise manufacturers of EFV’s?

Fig 13

According to the survey conducted and response given by the people we cam e to the conclusion

that govt should subsidise the manufacturers of EFV’s is truth. Thus it will help efv’s manufacturers

to increase its production.

6. Driving at an average speed of 50kmph gives you optimal mileage

Fig 14

According to the survey conducted and response given by the people we cam e to the conclusion

that driving at an average speed of 50 km ph gives you a optimal average is truth.

15

1 – Myth

2 – Half Truth

3 - Truth

1 – Myth

2 – Half Truth

3 - Truth

7. Servicing as recommended by manufacturer improves the mileage of your vehicle

Fig 15

According to the survey conducted and response given by the people we cam e to the conclusion

that servicing done as per recommended by the manufacturer improves the mileage of the vehicle is

truth.

8. Reducing A/C usage reduces fuel consumption

Fig 16

According to the survey conducted and response given by the people we cam e to the conclusion

that reducing AC usage reduces fuel consumption is truth.

16

1 – Myth

2 – Half Truth

3 - Truth

1 – Myth

2 – Half Truth

3 - Truth

9. Braking is not as effective as throttling while reducing speed of automobile

Fig 17

According to the survey conducted and response given by the people we cam e to the conclusion

that braking is not as effective as throttling while reducing speed of vehicle is half truth.

10. Car pooling / public transport helps to reduce damage to the environment

Fig 18

According to the survey conducted and response given by the people we cam e to the conclusion

that car pooling and public transport helps to reduce the damage to the environment is truth.

17

1 – Myth

2 – Half Truth

3 - Truth

1 – Myth

2 – Half Truth

3 - Truth

How informed are you about environmental issues

How informed are you about env issues?

Frequency Percent Valid PercentCumulative

Percent

Very well informed

17 38.6 38.6 38.6

Fairly well informed

19 43.2 43.2 81.8

Not well informed 7 15.9 15.9 97.7

Not informed at all 1 2.3 2.3 100.0

Total 44 100.0 100.0

Table 9

Fig 19

According to the responses on an average people are fairly well informed about environmental issues

18

LITERATURE REVIEW

In the 21st Century, automobile industry is expanding exponentially as a result of global economic

development, which has also caused serious environmental pollution. Pollutants derived from

automobile operation have begun to pose environmental problems of considerable magnitude.

About 70% of the carbon monoxide, 45% of the nitrogen oxides, and 34% of the hydrocarbon

pollution in the world can be traced directly to automobile exhausts.

In addition, rubber (which wears away from tires), motor oil, brake fluid, and other substances

accumulate on roadways and disposing of the automobiles etc; these are the major corporate social

responsibility problems in the industry. Many activists and NGOs have initiated campaigns to raise

the awareness of the problem, pressure the automobile makers and make world-wide standards of

environmental management and testing. The main goal is how reduce pollution and protect the

environment is the basic concen. Thus the automobile industry needs standardization.

Due to the failure of regulation by conventional politics to reverse the pollution caused by the

automobile industry, market based strategies have gained momentum. The strategy is to increase

awareness of environment friendly automobiles.

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NEED & SCOPE OF STUDY

‘Environmental studies’ is all about the environment awareness among the people. It is not only

done from one point of view of one particular discipline, but it is the study and understanding of

the interlink-ages- the complex ways in which one phenomenon, one action, is connected to

another, what are the different perspective of the same variable are studied. Perspectives often

rooted in different disciplines.

The problems of pollution and wanton degradation of environmental resources cannot be solved

without proper understanding of their causes and effects. Alongside, it is necessary to build up

professional capabilities to develop and adopt policies, measures and programs for environmental

studies.

For the students of management schools, who are future managers of business in different sectors of

economic growth and social welfare, it is appropriate to have an introduction to environmental

studies.

Thus main cause of air pollution are vehicles continuously plying on the roads .So there was a need

to conduct survey on how much aware people are about the environment related issues caused due

to vehicles . Thus according to the planning a Questionnaire was prepared so that we can have an

idea about the thinking of the people about the use of environment friendly cars and fuels.

The scope of the study was it gave us an idea about the mindset of people & their awareness about

the environment. Now after completely analyzing the survey we came to know the exact percentage

of people who are aware about the environment friendly cars & thus now necessary steps can be

taken to create more awareness among the people so that we can save our environment. As it is said

“The best time to plant a tree was 20 years ago, The second best time is now.”

Thus we can say that it is the future need of the society to use environment friendly car & fuels so

that we can develop a good environment for our coming generation, hence the efforts should be

taken from now itself and awareness should be created among different strata of the society to use

environment friendly cars & fuels.

20

SURVEY OBJECTIVE

The environmental awareness survey’s objective was to collect socioeconomic and Environmental

concern behavioural data to analyse people’s behaviour. In order to achieve the desired results, the

Environmental awareness survey had the following goals:

1] Capture a random sample of people who are users of car vehicle.

2] Collect data on type of fuel used in the vehicle.

3] To collect the information as how many people are familiar about the environmental facts.

4] To know the buying pattern of people as far as vehicles are concerned

5] To know the demand for the eco-friendly car in the society and how much amount they are ready to

pay to convert their car into eco – friendly car

21

CONCLUSION

After doing studying all the tables and diagrams we reach to the following conclusion:-

1. The percentage of people willing to buy an environmental friendly car is very less

2. People gives more importance to the mileage of a car while purchasing a car whereas at the

other end they give least importance to buying an environmental friendly car

3. Percentage of possibility of purchasing environmental free car is higher in 24 – 36 age group of

people.

4. Most of the people feel that govt. should subsidise manufacturers of EFV’s

5. Most of the people state that damage caused by petrol/diesel users is higher than alternate fuel

cars.

6. According to the responses on an average people are fairly well informed about environmental issues

7. Government should conduct seminars and other programs to increase environmental awareness

among the people

22

RECOMMENDATIONS

After conducting the survey and completely surveying the report we would like to recommend

following things:

1) There is an utmost need to create an awareness among the people about environment friendly cars

& fuels

2) The Environment safety awareness campaign should be arranged in various areas across the city.

3) The use of environment friendly cars should be recommended in various industries where vehicles

are used for internal transportation within the industry.

4) Various marketing strategies should be used to create popularity about environment friendly cars

& fuels.

5) There should be camps held in schools and colleges about use of environment friendly cars.

6) The environment friendly cars help in maintaining clean and safe environment.

23

LIMITATION OF THE SURVEY

1] People are not responding quickly, we had to request them to fill the entire survey form

2] Some People might not have given genuine responses

3] People are not easily given their true response due to the fear of misuse of data

4] Samples are very less

24

LEARNINGS FROM THE STUDY

1] We Learn job and responsibilities of researcher

2] Factions of SPSS software

3] How to make complete survey report

4] People’s behaviour towards responding to survey

5] Ethics plays vital role in surveys

25

APPENDIX

26

GLOSSARY

CNG

CNG is a fuel which is mixed with biogas, produced from landfills or wastewater, which doesn't

increase the concentration of carbon in the atmosphere.

LPG

Liquefied petroleum gas (also called LPG, GPL, LP Gas, or liquid propane gas) is a flammable

mixture of hydrocarbon gases used as a fuel in heating appliances and vehicles.

Biodiesel

Biodiesel refers to a vegetable oil- or animal fat-based diesel fuel consisting of long-chain alkyl

methyl, propyl or ethyl esters.

PETROL

Petrol is a transparent petroleum-derived liquid that is primarily used as a fuel in internal

combustion engines.

ETHANOL

Ethanol is ethanol (ethyl alcohol), the same type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages. It is most

often used as a motor fuel, mainly as a bio fuel additive for gasoline.

DIESEL

Diesel in general is any liquid fuel used in diesel engines. The most common is a specific fractional

distillate of petroleum fuel oil, but alternatives that are not derived from petroleum, such as

biodiesel, biomass to liquid (BTL) or gas to liquid (GTL) diesel, are increasingly being developed

and adopted.

Electric

Electric fuel is one source of energy which is readily available which could be made a made out of

any Resource which includes from sunlight to Bacteria.

SOLAR

The fuel generated through sun (SOLAR ENERGY ) is known as solar fuel.

27

MILEAGE

Mileage is literally a distance measured in miles. It is also known as fuel economy of automobiles.

PRICE

Here price is the cost of the vehicle.

PERFORMANCE

Performance is the quality of the vehicle how it performs in various conditions.

SAFETY

Safety over here is the safety functions available in vehicle.

ENVIRONMENT

It defines how much environment friendly your vehicle is.

AESTHETICS

Here it refers to the design of the car, its body shape and colour.

ENGINE CAPACITY

Engine capacity refers to the volume swept by all the pistons of an engine, within their bores, from

the top to the bottom of their travel in litres.

TURNING RADIUS

The turning radius or turning circle of a vehicle is the size of the smallest circular turn (i.e. U-turn)

that the vehicle is capable of making.

BRAKING DISTANCE

Braking distance refers to the distance a vehicle will travel from the point where its brakes are fully

applied to when it comes to a complete stop.

POWER

Power is the rate at which energy is transferred, used, or transformed.

LEG SPACE

Leg space here refers to the space available for keeping legs inside a car. 28

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Research Methodology – D. K. Bhattacharya

2. Research Methodology Methods & Techniques – C. R. Kothari

3. Research Methodology – Paneer

4. A Text book of Research Methodology in Social Sciences – P. C. Tripathy

5. www.google.com

6. www.youtube.com

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