Spring

23.1 23.1 23.1 23.1 23.1 Intr Intr Intr Intr Introduction oduction oduction oduction oduction A spring is defined as an elastic body, whose function is to distort when loaded and to recover its original shape when the load is removed. The various important applications of springs are as follows : 1. To cushion, absorb or control energy due to either shock or vibration as in car springs, railway buffers, air-craft landing gears, shock absorbers and vibration dampers. 2. To apply forces, as in brakes, clutches and spring- loaded valves. 3. To control motion by maintaining contact between two elements as in cams and followers. 4. To measure forces, as in spring balances and engine indicators. 5. To store energy, as in watches, toys, etc. 23.2 23.2 23.2 23.2 23.2 Types of Spr ypes of Spr ypes of Spr ypes of Spr ypes of Springs ings ings ings ings Though there are many types of the springs, yet the following, according to their shape, are important from the subject point of view. 1. Introduction. 2. Types of Springs. 3. Material for Helical Springs. 4. Standard Size of Spring Wire. 5. Terms used in Compression Springs. 6. End Connections for Compression Helical Springs. 7. End Connections for Tension Helical Springs. 8. Stresses in Helical Springs of Circular Wire. 9. Deflection of Helical Springs of Circular Wire. 10. Eccentric Loading of Springs. 11. Buckling of Compression Springs. 12. Surge in Springs. 13. Energy Stored in Helical Springs of Circular Wire. 14. Stress and Deflection in Helical Springs of Non- circular Wire. 15. Helical Springs Subjected to Fatigue Loading. 16. Springs in Series. 17. Springs in Parallel. 18. Concentric or Composite Springs. 19. Helical Torsion Springs. 20. Flat Spiral Springs. 21. Leaf Springs. 22. Construction of Leaf Springs. 23. Equalised Stresses in Spring Leaves (Nipping). 24. Length of Leaf Spring Leaves. Springs 820 23 C H A P T E R 1

Spring

Documents

spring stiffness

car springs

railway buffers

aircraft landing gears

shock absorbers

vibration dampers