SPORT SCIENCE - Department of Education Exam... · Question 2 . This question assesses Criterion 1. ... This question paper and any materials associated with this examination ...
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Tasmanian Certificate of Education
External Assessment 2016
SPORT SCIENCE (SPT315113)
PART 1 Time: 60 minutes
Candidate Instructions
1. You MUST make sure that your responses to the questions in this examination paper will show
your achievement in the criteria being assessed.
2. Answer ALL questions.
3. Answers must be written in the spaces provided on the examination paper.
4. You should make sure you answer all parts within each question so that the criterion can beassessed.
5. This examination is 3 hours in length. It is recommended that you spend approximately 60 minutesin total answering the questions in this booklet.
6. All written responses must be in English.
On the basis of your performance in this examination, the examiners will provide results on each of the following criteria taken from the course statement:
Criterion 1 Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the physiological aspects of exercise.
Criterion 4 Analyse and interpret sport science related data and information.
Criterion 5 Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of interrelationships between exercise physiology, skill acquisition and sport psychology.
This question assesses Criterion 1. Conditioning for physiological improvement should be an organised and adaptable process. It also needs to be designed to fit the needs of the individual athlete. (a) Define the terms ‘aerobic capacity’ and ‘speed’. (2 marks)
(b) In what phase(s) of a training year would you conduct fitness testing to measure aerobic capacity and/or speed? (2 marks) .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................
(c) List FOUR chronic, physiological adaptations of training to improve aerobic capacity. (2 marks)
(e) Explain why recovery intervals need to be longer if working at 85% of maximum heart rate (MHR) during work intervals than when working at 65% of MHR? (2 marks) .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................
(f) What type of recovery between work intervals may facilitate a slight reduction in recovery interval time following work at 85% of maximum heart rate (MHR)? (1 mark) .......................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................
SPT315113 Page 5 of 16
Question 2
This question assesses Criterion 1. You have been asked to assist the coach of a local sporting team with the organisation of training. Your role will be to ensure the athletes can train effectively and safely and that each training session supports the gradual physiological improvement of each athlete.
(a) Identify the sport you are working with. What are THREE fitness components necessary for an
athlete in this sport? Provide a brief description of each component. (3 marks)
This question assesses Criterion 1. The Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) is actively seeking athletes for their elite programs who are currently involved in completely different sports. The AIS recognises that elements of physiology are transferable between sports.
(a) The main energy system used in rowing would be beneficial to a rower wishing to become a triathlete. For this system, outline the major fuels used, the speed of ATP production and its limitations. (3 marks)
(b) Why would the main energy system used by a triathlete not be useful to a 100m track sprinter?
Which energy system would be most useful to a 100m sprinter and what is its source of fuel? (2 marks) .......................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................
Question 4 This question assesses Criterion 4. All answers to this question must make reference to the information that follows. Graphs 1 and 2 indicate physiological changes in response to exercise on a cycle ergometer.
Graph 1 – Changes in arterial and mixed venous oxygen content with increasing intensity of work on a cycle ergometer
(a) Identify the a – vO2 difference at both 125 watts and at 225 watts. Refer to data in your answer.
(b) Between which TWO work intensities does mixed venous oxygen content decrease at the greatest
rate? What is the mixed venous oxygen content at each of these work intensities? Refer to data in your answer. (2 marks) .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................
(c) Which measure on the graph remains constant and what is its value? (1 mark)
(g) Refer to Graph 2 to complete the following table. (2 marks)
Oxygen Uptake and Blood Lactate Concentration at Different Work Intensities
Work Intensity
(watts)
Oxygen Uptake (ml/kg/min)
Blood Lactate (mmol/L)
50 33
45
225 6.5
SPT315113 Page 12 of 16
Question 5
This question assesses Criterion 5. 2012 Olympic Gold medallist Sally Pearson, suffered a broken wrist in 2015. Her training schedule was severely interrupted. On returning to the track in 2016 in order to prepare for the Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games she struggled to be competitive in her hurdling races and did not compete in Rio. Discuss TWO interrelationships between improvements in Sally Pearson’s physiology (Exercise Physiology) that would refine her hurdling technique (Skill Acquisition) so that she can return to her best in the future. (12 marks) ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... = Question 5 continues.
This question paper and any materials associated with this examination (including answer booklets, cover sheets, rough note paper, or information sheets) remain the property of the Office of Tasmanian Assessment, Standards and Certification.
Tasmanian Certificate of Education
External Assessment 2016
SPORT SCIENCE (SPT315113)
PART 2 Time: 60 minutes
Candidate Instructions
1. You MUST make sure that your responses to the questions in this examination paper will show your
achievement in the criteria being assessed.
2. Answer ALL questions.
3. Answers must be written in the spaces provided on the examination paper.
4. You should make sure you answer all parts within each question so that the criterion can beassessed.
5. This examination is 3 hours in length. It is recommended that you spend approximately 60 minutesin total answering the questions in this booklet.
6. All written responses must be in English.
On the basis of your performance in this examination, the examiners will provide results on each of the following criteria taken from the course statement:
Criterion 2 Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the principles of skill acquisition.
Criterion 4 Analyse and interpret sport science related data and information.
Criterion 5 Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of interrelationships between exercise physiology, skill acquisition and sport psychology.
This question assesses Criterion 2. Motor skills are acquired throughout life. Beginners and accomplished players will refine, modify and apply their skills through experimentation, practice and direction from their coaches and will often do so under changing environmental circumstances. (a) (i) Select a motor skill and identify FOUR correctly sequenced subroutines of the skill for
effective execution. (2 marks) Motor skill: .............................................................................................................................. 1. ............................................................................................................................................ 2. ............................................................................................................................................ 3. ............................................................................................................................................ 4. ............................................................................................................................................ (ii) Referring to the motor skill from (i) above, differentiate between what an autonomous skilled
player would focus on during their performance compared to a beginner in the cognitive stage of skill development. (3 marks)
Question 6 (continued) (c) Outline TWO strategies that a coach could use in training to assist players to prepare for skill
execution in an open environment. (2 marks) .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................
(d) Schema can assist players cope with changing environments. Provide a practical example of a player utilising schema in their performance. (1 mark) .......................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................
(e) Describe TWO strategies a coach could use to present information to a beginner to improve the function of their short term memory. (2 marks) .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................
SPT315113 Page 4 of 12
Question 7
This question assesses Criterion 2. Athletes who compete successfully in sports have a significant ability to be able to cope with changing speed, time and space and still execute their skills accurately and with apparent ease. (a) Identify ONE example that could be included under the following phases of an information
(b) Briefly discuss the role of orienting and of selective attention for an athlete in a sport played in an open environment. In your answer, provide ONE practical example of each. (3 marks)
(d) With reference to the terms reaction time, movement time and response time, indicate how an athlete can overcome a relatively slow reaction time. (2 marks)
(e) Athletes who appear to always have time to execute skills may be using a form of memory referred to as Short Term Sensory Storage. Explain this form of memory, and support your explanation with an example of it in practice. (2 marks)
This question assesses Criterion 2. A key element of good coaching is the ability to analyse the movement of athletes and then to offer them appropriate information to adjust and/or improve their movements.
(a) For each of the following biomechanical concepts provide a brief description that a coach could use with an athlete in the cognitive stage of learning to explain the concept. (2 marks) Force: ..............................................................................................................................................
(c) Most overarm throwing skills have very similar movement patterns. Experienced athletes can usually identify and correct errors they make. What TWO types of feedback could they use to do
Question 8 (continued) (d) An athlete who is being coached to throw javelin is struggling to improve her throwing distance.
Identify and explain THREE influences on projectile motion that could be changed to increase the distance she throws. (3 marks) .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................
This question assesses Criterion 4. All answers to this question must make reference to the information that follows. Players and coaches are constantly seeking digital visual training aids to enhance their skill performance. The Skills Acquisition Trainer for Badminton (SATB) has been developed to enhance skill performance in this high speed racquet sport. The higher the mean score, the better the performance.
Graph 1 – The change in score for the SATB for the three skill level groups across a ten week experimental period
(a) Compare the performance of the Beginner and Advanced groups for experimental weeks 1, 2
(d) Identify the week in which two standards of player group achieved almost the same score. Which player groups were they and what was the score? (2 marks)
(e) What is likely to happen to the mean score of the advanced player group if the study continued beyond week 10? Refer to trends in the graph to support your answer. (2 marks)
(f) Identify the week with the greatest increase in mean score for the intermediate players. Identify the increase. (1 mark) .......................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................
SPT315113 Page 10 of 12
Question 10
This question assesses Criterion 5. Tiger Woods has had a rapid fall from the top of the World golf rankings. The stress of a public marriage breakup and recurring injury have resulted in great inconsistency in his play and may have undermined his confidence to ‘attack’ the golf course as he once did. Discuss TWO interrelationships between Tiger Wood’s skill execution (Skill Acquisition) and his confidence (Sport Psychology) which could enable him to improve his performance and his ranking. (12 marks) ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... Question 10 continues.
This question paper and any materials associated with this examination (including answer booklets, cover sheets, rough note paper, or information sheets) remain the property of the Office of Tasmanian Assessment, Standards and Certification.
Tasmanian Certificate of Education
External Assessment 2016
SPORT SCIENCE (SPT315113)
PART 3 Time: 60 minutes
Candidate Instructions
1. You MUST make sure that your responses to the questions in this examination paper will
show your achievement in the criteria being assessed.
2. Answer ALL questions.
3. Answers must be written in the spaces provided on the examination paper.
4. You should make sure you answer all parts within each question so that the criterion can beassessed.
5. This examination is 3 hours in length. It is recommended that you spend approximately 60minutes in total answering the questions in this booklet.
6. All written responses must be in English.
On the basis of your performance in this examination, the examiners will provide results on each of the following criteria taken from the course statement:
Criterion 3 Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of psychological factors which influence athletic performance.
Criterion 4 Analyse and interpret sport science related data and information.
Criterion 5 Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of interrelationships between exercise physiology, skill acquisition and sport psychology.
This question assesses Criterion 3. Most elite athletes are rarely in a peak psychological state at all times. Injuries, plateaus in performance and more time spent ‘on the bench’ can each undermine their self confidence. (a) Provide a definition of self confidence. (1 mark)
(b) What are TWO characteristics of an athlete with low self-efficacy traits? How may these influence
their performance in their sport? (2 marks) .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................
(c) Outline the concept of vicarious experience. Provide an example from a sport of your choice to
explain how this can improve an athlete’s self-efficacy. (2 marks) .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................
(d) Achieving goals can be rewarding for athletes. Briefly discuss how using process goal setting can
(f) An athlete who has been ‘benched’ for inconsistency in performance has set the goal of getting more game time. How can they use the S, the M, and the T principles of the SMARTER acronym to achieve this outcome? (3 marks) .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................
This question assesses Criterion 3. Fatigue, pain and unimportant information can often distract some athletes from the task at hand. Other athletes appear able to maintain their focus throughout a performance by apparently ignoring those things which are distractions.
(a) Explain how an athlete with good concentration may struggle in competition if they have poor
(b) From a sport of your choice, provide an example of how an athlete needs an ability to concentrate both internally and externally in the one performance. (2 marks)
(c) Midfielders in team sports are usually chosen for these positions because they can maintain their focus. Identify and describe the attentional dimension they are most likely to perform well in. Provide ONE positive and ONE negative characteristic of athletes in this dimension. (4 marks)
This question assesses Criterion 3. Quality athletes are able to cope under extreme mental and physical duress. They continue to apply themselves to the task and maintain the quality of their performance. When other athletes experience the same duress they will often completely lose the capacity to maintain their performance standard.
(a) How does the Inverted U Hypothesis explain the situation in the introduction above? (2 marks)
(c) Explain how an intrinsically motivated athlete may be better able to cope with the pressures of a difficult competition compared to an athlete who is primarily extrinsically motivated. (2 marks)
(e) An athlete who has a history of becoming over anxious seeks help from the team psychologist. It is
suggested that the athlete establish primary and coping strategies for the time leading up to competition. Complete the table below to assist this athlete. (4 marks)
Strategy Item Primary Strategy Coping/Back Up Strategy
E.g. Waking up in time to shower, eat and catch the team bus.
Set the alarm for three hours before bus departs.
Arrange a Telstra wake-up call for 10 minutes after the alarm time.
Have all necessary equipment and clothing.
Getting to team bus departure point in time to travel to venue.
Commence relaxation and mental preparation several hours before competition.
Commence appropriate warm up 60 minutes prior to competition.
SPT315113 Page 8 of 12
Question 14
This question assesses Criterion 4. All answers to this question must make reference to the information that follows. Five athletes in the same team, and all with similar resting heart rates, are asked to record their heart rate (HR) when they first wake in the days leading up to and including their grand final. This is to assist the coaches to monitor anxiety levels before the contest. The athletes’ results appear in Table 1.
Table 1 – Resting Heart Rate (RHR) Response to Time Before a Grand Final
5 Days Before
4 Days Before
3 Days Before
2 Days Before
1 Day Before
Grand Final
Mean RHR 2
Athlete A 54 55 55 53 54 55 55 Athlete B 53 53 52 51 52 66 55 Athlete C 56 58 60 61 60 62 60 Athlete D 56 59 64 69 70 75 66 Athlete E 55 55 59 62 68 69 62
Mean RHR 1 55 56 58 60 61 66
Note: Mean RHR 1 & 2 are rounded up and each is measured in beats per minute (bpm).
(a) Explain the difference between what Mean RHR 1 and Mean RHR 2 are measuring. (2 marks)
(b) Identify the athlete that was the most anxious throughout the six days. Refer to the data to justify your choice. (2 marks) .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................
Question 14 continues.
SPT315113 Page 9 of 12
Question 14 (continued)
(c) Which day caused the most anxiety for the athletes? Refer to the data to support your answer. (2 marks)
(d) Which athlete is most likely to have relatively low levels of trait anxiety but higher levels of state anxiety? Refer to the data to support your answer. (3 marks)
(e) If anxiety equates to arousal, which athlete may have been under-aroused on grand final day? What was the difference between his grand final day RHR and the Mean RHR for that day? Refer to the data to support your answer. (1 mark)
This question assesses Criterion 5. The Australian Womens Netball team has been the dominant team in the world for a number of years. Their main challenger New Zealand has re-built its team with young and athletic players to counter Australia’s high tempo game. These teams will continue to compete against each other. Identify and discuss TWO interrelationships between the Australian players’ mental preparation/strength (Sport Psychology) and their physical preparation (Exercise Physiology) that will assist them to withstand the challenge posed by New Zealand. (12 marks) ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... Question 15 continues.
This question paper and any materials associated with this examination (including answer booklets, cover sheets, rough note paper, or information sheets) remain the property of the Office of Tasmanian Assessment, Standards and Certification.