Sport id handbook english · Maria Florindo, João Azevedo, Manuel Marchante Sport Club Integra - Bulgaria Aneta Moyanova, Teodora Spasova Perspectives - Belgium Jamal Manad Fundación

Sport for Intercultural Dialoguesportid

handbook

sportforinterculturaldialogueErasmus+Sport,CollaborativePartnershipsCod.2016-3602/001–001January2017-December2018www.sport4id.eu

coordinatorOmnic-Italy

partnerAsinitasOnlus-ItalyDacorumCouncilforVoluntaryService-UKCentreforAdvancementofResearchandDevelopmentinEducation(CARDET)-CyprusLearningCenterforYouth(LCYouth)-Cyprus100%Aventura–AssociaçãodeDesportoeNatureza-PortugalSportClubIntegra-BulgariaPerspectives-BelgiumFundaciónRedDeporteYCooperación-Spain

ThisprojecthasbeenfundedwithsupportfromtheEuropeanCommission.Thiscommunicationmaterialreflectstheviewsonlyoftheauthor,andtheCommissioncannotbeheldresponsibleforanyusewhichmaybemadeoftheinformationcontainedtherein.

TheprojectresourcescontainedhereinarepubliclyavailableundertheCreativeCommonslicense:Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike4.0International

DesignandlayoutbyFrancescoSanesiIllustrations©ErnestAkayeu-stock.adobe.comFirstpublishedinNovember2018

authorsOmnic - ItalyAndrea Ciantar, Paolo Diana

Asinitas Onlus - ItalyCarolina Purificati, Livia Claudia Bazu

Dacorum Council for Voluntary Service - UKAlison May, Musarat Inayat, Penny Clifton

Centre for Advancement of Research and Development in Education (CARDET) - CyprusMichalis Ioannou

Learning Center for Youth (LCYouth) - CyprusLitsa Charalambous, Eleni Filippou

100% Aventura – Associação de Desporto e Natureza - PortugalMaria Florindo, João Azevedo, Manuel Marchante

Sport Club Integra - BulgariaAneta Moyanova, Teodora Spasova

Perspectives - BelgiumJamal Manad

Fundación Red Deporte Y Cooperación - SpainCarlos De Carcer

Special thanks to the organisations that have shared with us their good practices regarding Sport and Intercultural Dialogue, and to the volunteers and coaches who collaborated on the pilot activities of the project.

introductionp.6 Descriptionoftheprojectp.7 ProjectAimsp.8 Methodologyp.9 ProjectPartnersp.10 Whatisinthismanual sportandinterculturaldialoguep.12 Whyweneedinterculturaldialogue–facts,groundsandnumbers refugeecrisisineuropep.18 Whatisthedifferencebetweenarefugeeandamigrant?p.19 Whoisamigrant?p.20 Whoisarefugee?p.22 Refugeecrisisineuropep.24 Definitionofsportandinterculturaldialoguep.25 10reasonswhysportisamosteffectivetoolforintegrationp.28 HowsportatpresenthelpswithinterculturaldialogueinEurope

bestpracticesusingsportforinterculturaldialoguefoundinthepartnershipp.31 Bestpracticeexamplesfoundp.44 Whatsportinstitutionsdop.45 Typesofsportsusedp.47 GenderequalityinsportforinterculturaldialoguepracticesacrossEU

howtosetupunactivityonsportandinterculturaldialoguep.49 Createyourownactivityp.51 Hintsonhowtocreateyourownactivity sportidtrainingoftrainersmodulep.57 Introductionp.58 Learningobjectives resourcesandusefulmaterialsp.61 Referencesp.58 Learningobjectives

INDEX

5

INTRODUCTION

6

descriptionoftheprojectSportsandphysicalactivityare importantandeffectivevehiclestoimprovinghealthandwell-being.Furthermore,sport is a tool to promote integration and combat dis-criminationandracismsincesportsareinherentlybasedonparticipationandnonviolentvaluesattheircore.

The primary aim of the project is to create aware-ness-raising activities for amateur athletes, coaches,trainers,educatorswhoworkintheparticularfieldsofsports connected with solidarity and social inclusion,sharing good practices and creating Open EducationalResourcesabouthowsportscansupportsocialinclusion.

7

TheaimoftheSPORTIDProjectistocreateaprocesswherebysportandphysical activities become tools to achieve the goal of intercultural dia-logue,wheresportplaysthemaineducationalrole.Thereforespecificgoalsoftheprojectare:

• Create operators qualified to play a role in the process of integrationthroughsports.• Update and formalise knowledge, competencies and methodologies ofsocialpromotionandcommunitybuildingthroughsports.•Sharebestpracticeof integration, inclusion,socialisationthroughsportwithinEU.•AlertEuropeancitizenstothesocialroleofsportsinpromotinginterculturalcontactandintegration.•Acquireandsharenewabilitiesatanational,Europeanandinternationallevel•Prepareforprofessionaleducationinthefield.•Networkamongorganisationsworkingwithmigrantsandrefugeesusingsportasavehicleforintegration.

projectaims

8

methodology

Inordertoachievethosegoals,wearegoingtousenonformaleducation,activeandco-operativelearningandautobiographicaltechniquesamongstthemethods.

Why Use Non-Formal Education?

We will use non-formal education because it refers to anyplannedprogrammeofpersonalandsocialeducationforyoungpeopledesignedtoimprovearangeofskillsandcompetencies,outsidetheformaleducationalcurriculum.

Inthiscasewewantpeopletostrengthentheirinterculturaldi-alogueskillsandinterculturalexchangecompetenciesthroughsport.ThereforethismanualwillsharewithallorganisationsandoperatorsinterestedinsportaninterculturaldialogueourresearchonpracticesacrossEuropeandthepartners’sharedanalysisandproposalstosuccessfullyputintobeinginitiativesthatpromoteinterculturaldialoguethroughsportactivities.

9

BulgariaSport Club Integra www.integra.bg

UKCommunity Action Dacorumwww.communityactiondacorum.org

SpainFondacion Red Deporte y Cooperacion www.redeporte.org

ItalyONMIC - Opera Nazionale Invalidi civiliwww.onmic.itAsinitas Onlus www.asinitas.org

CyprusCentre for Advancement of Research and Development in educationwww.cardet.orgLearning center for youth www.lcyouth.org

Portugal1000/00 Aventura - Assocaçao de Desporto e Natureza

BelgiumPerspectives www.performat.be

projectpartners

10

whatisinthismanual

In this manual you will learn about :

Sport and Intercultural Dialogue •Whyweneedinterculturaldialogue–facts,groundsandnumbers•RefugeecrisisinEurope•Definitionofsportandinterculturaldialogue•10reasonswhysportisamosteffectivetoolforintegration•HowsportatpresenthelpswithinterculturaldialogueinEurope

Best practices using Sport for Intercultural Dialoguefound in the partnership•Bestpracticeexamplesfound•Whatsportinstitutionsdo•Typesofsportsused•GenderequalityinsportforinterculturaldialoguepracticesacrossEU

How to set up an activity on sport and intercultural dialogue•Createyourownactivity•Hintsonhowtocreateyourownactivity

Sport ID Training of trainers module•Introduction•Learningobjectives

Resources and useful materials

11

SPORTand INTERCULTURAL

DIALOGUE

12

whyweneedinterculturaldialogue–facts,groundsandnumbers

Multicultural Europe

MostEuropeancountriesnowadaysaremulticulturalduetothefreemove-mentofcitizensacrossEuropeandalsomigrationfromnon-EUcountries.Thesemovementsdesignnewsocialpatternsandphenomena.Peoplewithdifferentcultural,socialandreligiousbackgroundinteractonadailybasisinmostEuropeancities.Diversityisagreatopportunitybutalsoaverygreatchallengeforthecom-munication and cooperation of individuals and communities. Habits, cus-toms,assumptionsonwhatisappropriatebehaviourindifferentsituationsmaydiffer,aswellaseducationbackgroundandsocio-economicstandards.Whilethismultiplicitymaycausedifficultiesincommunicationandconflicts,

13

itmayalsohelptofindbetteranswerstolifeproblemsandfosterthewaytofindinnovativesolutions.Thisiswhyisofparamountimportancetoover-comethosedifficultiesinordertoharvestthecropsofmulticulturalthink-ingandsocialcohesion.Firstofall,wehavetounderstandthefullscopeofthosephenomena,thesocial and hystorical context that brings together all these people in EUnowadays.Fewnumbersandfactswillgiveusanoverallideaofmulticul-turalEuropeatpresent.

14

Which are the most intercultural countries in Europe?

In absolute terms, the largest numbers of non-nationals living in the EUMemberStateson1January2017werefoundinGermany(9.2millionper-sons,counting11%ofthepopulation),theUnitedKingdom(6.0million,9%),Italy (5.0million,8%),France (4.4million,7%)andSpain (4.4million,9%)(Eurostat,2017-lastdataavailable).Inrelativeterms,excludingLuxembourg,whichbytraditionhasaveryhighpercentofnonnational residents (48%), themore influencedby interna-tionalmovementswereCyprus(17%ofthepopulation),Austria,LatviaandEstonia(15%),Belgium,MaltaandIreland(12%).ThesefiguresincludeEUnationalslivinginanotherEUcountry,aswellasnonEUnationalslivinginEuropeancountries,givinganoverallpictureofmajorestablishedinterculturalcontextswithinEUterritory.N.B.UKisstillconsideredaEUcountryuntilBrexitnegotiationswillbetterdefineitssta-tusandrelationswithEU.

15

Changing nationalities

Allthosemobilitiesoftentimescometoastablerelocation,withmigrantsacquiringthecitizenshipofthehostcountries,andchildrenbeingbornandraisedawayfromtheirparents’homeland.Inabsoluteterms,thenumberofpeopleacquiringthecitizenshipofanEUMemberStatein2016was994.8thousand,correspondingtoan18%increasewithrespectto2015.(Eurostat,2017–lastdataavailable).Italyhadthehighestnumberofpersonsacquir-ingcitizenshipin2016,at201.6thousand(or20%oftheEU-28total).ThenexthighestlevelsofacquisitionofcitizenshipwereinSpain(150.9thou-sand), theUnitedKingdom(149.4 thousand),France(119.2 thousand)andGermany(112.8thousand).Inrelativeterms,theEUMemberStatewiththehighest naturalisation rate in 2016 was Croatia (9.7 acquisitions per 100non-nationalresidents),followedbySwedenandPortugal(with7.9and6.5acquisitionsper100non-nationalresidentsrespectively).Viewedintermsoforiginalcitizenship,asinpreviousyears,thelargestgroupswereMoroc-cans(101300,correspondingto10.2%ofallcitizenshipsgranted),followedbyAlbanians(67500,or6.8%),Indians(41700,or4.2%),Pakistanis(32900,or3.3%)andTurks(32800,or3.3%).(samesource).Manyofthemholdadoublecitizenshipalongwithadoubleidentityandculturalbelonging,thusredefiningnationalandEuropeansenseofself.

16

Europe migration crisis

Butthispictureisconstantlymoving,especiallyinthelastyears,withwhatwascalled“therefugeecrisis”.Since2014,massiveflowsofpeoplereversedintothecontinent,mostofthemdemandingasylumorotherformsofhu-manitarianprotection.In2015morethanamillionmigrantsandrefugeescrossedintoEuropeandonlyafteragreementwithTurkeydidtheflowofmigrantsdiminish.In2017,therewere728,470applicationsforinternationalprotectionintheEU.Thisfigurerepresentsadecreaseof44%comparedto2016,whentherewerealmost1.3millionapplications.In2017,EUcountriesgrantedprotectiontomorethan538,000people,downbyalmost25%on2016.AlmostoneinthreeofthesewerefromSyriawhileAfghanistanandIraqroundedupthetopthree.Ofthe175,800SyriancitizensgrantedinternationalprotectionintheEU,morethan70%receiveditinGer-many.(Source:EuropeanParliamentThinktankonmigration–seeresources).

17

REFUGEE CRISIS IN EUROPE

18

whatisthedifferencebetweenarefugeeandamigrant?•Aneconomicmigrantnormallyleavesacountryvoluntarilytoseekabetterlife.Shouldheorshedecidetoreturnhome,theywouldcontinuetoreceivetheprotectionofhisorhergovernment.

•Refugeesfleebecauseofthethreat of persecutionandcan-notreturnsafelytotheirhomes.

19

whoisamigrant?Massivemigrationfloodshavebeenregisteredsinceman’sorigin.Europeanscolonizedandmigratedtowardsallthecontinentsfromthe16th–17thcenturytothefirsthalfofthe20th,whileRomaandJewishpeoplesmigraterespectivelysincemedievalandprehistorictimes.Amigrantissomeonewho:

•Canmovefromonecountrytoanotherusuallytofindworkortojoinfamilymembers.•Somemovevoluntarily,whileothersareforcedtoleavebecauseofeconomichardshiporotherproblems.• People can migrate ‘regularly’, with legal permission to workandliveinacountry,or‘irregularly’,withoutpermissionfromthecountrytheywishtoliveandworkin.

Regardless of their status in a country, both regular and irregularmigrantshavehumanrights,includingthe“right to freedom from slavery and servitude, freedom from arbitrary detention, the right to freedom of assembly, the right to education for their children, equal access to courts and rights at work.”

Declaration on human rights

20

whoisarefugee?Refugeefloodsalsohappenedcountlesstimesinhumanhistory,asdifferentcommunitiesweretryingtoescapewars,naturaldisasters,dominationsandpersecutions.ManyEuropeansflewEurope(mostlyGermany,alliedcountriesandoccupiedterritories)asrefugeesduringWWII.Arefugeeissomeonewhopriortoleavingexperienceseither:

•War.•Severediscriminationorpersecution.•Violence,enprisonmentortortureinflictedbydominantgroups,par-tiesoroccupationforcescontrollingtheterritoryoftheirhomeland.

Which often make it too dangerous for people to remain in theirhomeland.

“AndnowweareAsstrawinthewindWecan’ttakeroots,OurheartisinanendlessmournAndourmouthdoesnotknowwhatitsays”Biagio Marin, refugee

21

prior to leaving

Fearofdetection Fearfulfortheirsafetyorlives Justarrivedandnevergoingbackhome

Languagebarriers

Anxietyaboutconditions Theymayleavesecretlyorarechasedout Lossoffamilyandfriends

Theyenteredanewcontextbuttheyarenotpartofit

Pressureaboutescape Manydietryingtoescape Lossoffamiliarcultureandconcernoverculturaladaptation

Theyareoftenlabelledbythenewsociety

Fearofpersecution Those lucky enough to escape their country are considered refugees Concernforeconomicsurvival

Theirtimeismarkedbywaitingtheywaitfordocuments

Theyarenotself-sufficient

Anticipatedsadnessoverlosses

escaping arriving in new country

22

refugeecrisisineuropeIn2015Europefacedtheso-called“refugeecrisis”withmorethanhalf(54%)ofallrefugeesworldwidecomingfromjust3countries.•SyrianArabRepublic4.9million•Afghanistan2.7million•Somalia1.1million

Butinfact9outof10personsfoundprotectionintheGlobalSouth.

Asia29.7millionforceddisplacedpeople+5.7millionPalestinianrefugeesunderUNWRAprotection,settled in Jordan,Lebanon,Syria,Gazaand theWestBank.

Africa20.3million.

Central and South America 7.7million.

Europe5.5million.

North America715,000.

23

24

definitionofsportandinterculturaldialogue“Intercultural dialogue is an open and respectful exchange of views be-tweenindividualsandgroupsbelongingtodifferentculturesthatleadstoadeeperunderstandingoftheother’sglobalperception.”(CouncilofEurope).Regarding the contribution of sport to intercultural dialogue, annexes totheAmsterdamTreaty(1997)specificallyrefertoitspotentialandthene-cessityfortheEUtodevelopconsistentpolicyinthefield.“Playedandwatchedbypeoplefromavarietyofsocialbackgrounds,ithasaneducationalandsocialisingeffectthatmakesitanidealvehicleforintercul-turaldialogueandsocialintegration.Indeed,whenwespeakabout“integra-tionthroughsport”,thereiswideacknowledgementofthepositivecontribu-tionsportmakestosocialintegration,forethnicminoritiesandimmigrantcommunities inparticular.Thisconsensushasbeenhighlightedbyvariousopinionpolls inEuropeandby references inpoliticaland institutionaldis-course.Regularparticipationinsportisthought,forexample,tohelpyoungpeopleofimmigrantorigintodevelopkeyskillsandtointegratebetterintosociety.”(Sportfacingthetestofculturaldiversity–CouncilofEurope–EPAS,2010).Butwhatexactlydoesmakesportworkforinterculturaldialogue?

25

10 reasonswhysportisamosteffectivetoolforintegration1 - The concept of sport is transcultural Whiledifferentculturesandsocietiespraiseandpracticedifferentsports,the concept of sport itself is spread and valued worldwide nowadays. Itunitespeoplefromallovertheworldatanylevel,fromOlympiccompeti-tionstograssrootlevel.2 - Sport is for all Sport activities can involve everybody: men and women, children, adultsandelders,peoplebelongingtodifferentsocialcategoriesandwithdiffer-entmindsets,habits,needsandbeliefs.3 -Respite/sense of normality Sportisaframewhereenergiescanbespentinthepresent,thebodyenjoysmovement,themindenjoyspeaceandthecompanyofothers.Thus,moti-vationtolifeandgoalsarises,evenafterthedisruptionofmajortraumaticevents,suchasrefugeesoftenexperiment.

26

4 - Body interactionPhysical interaction is a very important tool for intercultural dia-loguefortwodifferentreasons:-itcreatesamoreimmediatecontactwiththeothers(nativesandmigrantsfromotherpartsoftheworld)whichsocial,mainlyver-bal,interactionmorerarelyprovides(especiallywhentherearelan-guagebarriers);-itempowersthroughthefullexpressionofwill,force,andabilities.

5 - Rules Asreportedbymany trainers, sport, likegames, isaspacewheresocialinteractionandgoalsaresimplifiedanddefinedbyasimplesetofrules:integrationandequalinteractioniseasyandprovidesastartuppointforafullintegrationintosociety,providingatem-porarycommunity.

6 - Fair play Fairplaydevelopsmoralskills inmigrantsandnatives: tolerance,acceptanceof theother, respect for rivals,conflict resolutionandobjectivityontheplaygroundareimportantmindsetswhichhelpinteractionandfosterequalityandsolidarity.

27

7 - Breaking down linguistic barriersWordsareaccompaniedbyphysicalactionwhichismoreselfevidentandhelpsclarifythespeaking.Emotionalin-volvementenhancesmotivation,solittlelanguageprofi-ciencyisnotanobstacletothelastcomeinthecommu-nitytopracticesportandbeinvolved.

8 - Sport as a mean to know different culturesWhenpeoplefromdifferentculturesmeettheyexchangecommonlifeculturalheritagesuchasfood,music,storiesandclothes.Learningnewsportsorgamesbroughtfromdifferent countries is a very interactive, emotional andimmediatewaytoparticipateinadifferentculture.

9 - Sense of belongingAlloftheseaspectstendtocreateasenseofbelonging:making teams, living pleasant and stimulating experi-ences in a group, sharing goals and resolving disputeswithfairplayareinherentsportsfeatures.Inthecontextofprojectswhichincludemigrantsandrefugeesalltheseconceptsareofparamountrelevance.

10 - Holistic approach Afterthematchtheencounterisnotover:itreallybegins.Differentcomplementaryactivitiescanbeassociatedtosporteventsandcarriedouttobreakbarriersandcreatebondsamongindividualsandcommunities.

28

howsportatpresenthelpswithinterculturaldialogueineuropeAstudyonsportandmulticulturalismin2004,showedthatsporthasbeenusedtoreduceinterculturaltensionsinthe(then)25EUmemberstates.

Theapproachesatpresentfocusonthefollowing:•Interculturalism,promotinginterculturalexchangewithequalityofeachculture,separatebutequal.•Cohesionratherthandiversity,with‘unitary’notionsofnationalculture.•Incorporategroupsintoexistingnationalculture.•Non-intervention,wherepopulationsareregardedashomogeneousandthereisnoperceivedneedforprovision.

Regardingthecontributionofsporttointerculturaldialogue,adeclarationannexed to the Amsterdam Treaty (1997)“emphasises the social signifi-canceofsport,inparticularitsroleinforgingidentityandbringingpeopletogether”.SeveralsurveysshowthatalmostthreeinfourEUcitizensviewsportasameansofpromotingintegration,whiletwothirdsperceivesportsasameansoffightingdiscrimination.

29

«Theroleofsportinpromotingsocialintegration,inpar-ticularofyoungpeople,iswidelyrecognised.Sport…isarecognised social phenomenon.Sports offera commonlanguageandaplatformforsocialdemocracy.[Sport]cre-atesconditionsforpoliticaldemocracyandisinstrumen-tal to thedevelopmentofdemocraticcitizenship.Sportenhancestheunderstandingandappreciationofculturaldifferencesanditcontributestothefightagainstpreju-dices.Finally,sportplaysitsparttolimitsocialexclusionofimmigrantandminoritygroups».The Council of Europe’s study on Diversity and Cohesion Niessen 2000

30

BEST PRACTICE ACROSS THE PROJECT

PARTNERSHIP

31

BEST PRACTICE ACROSS THE PROJECT

PARTNERSHIP

Introduction

The“best practice” involving sport and migrants/refugees hasbeenexaminedandresearchedinthisproject,inordertodefinetheexistingbackgroundandalsotoraiseawarenessaboutwhatbestpracticelookslikeacrossEurope.

Main findings

MajorcountriessuchasUKandItalyhavedevelopedandsup-ported official integration policies from governmental andnon-governmentalorganisationsthroughsportformanyyears.Therearevariouspermanent initiatives thathelpasignificantnumberofrefugeesandmigrantseachyear.Onthecontrary,smallcountrieslikeCyprushavenotdevelopedyetofficialpoliciesandthereareonlysomegoodpracticeswithlocalimpact.

Thebestpracticescollectedbythepartnershipfromeachcoun-tryaresummarisedasfollows.

32

bestpractice-unitedkingdomBackground

TheUKisoneofthecountrieswithasignificantmulticulturalbackgroundandisapioneerinpoliciesaboutsocialintegrationandinclusion.Butheprocessofintegratingisolatedcommunities,accordingtoareviewfromDameLouiseCasey,hasbeenseentobetoomuchforsomelocalcom-munitiesespeciallysincetheeconomicdownturn,andconcernaboutthestrainonpublicserviceshasincreased.Inaddition,ethnicormigrantgroupsin localareashavebecomeincreas-inglydivided.Consequently,thereisa“viciouscircle”inwhichMuslimsfeeltheyarebeingblamedforterrorismandextremism,leadingtosuspicion,mistrustandhostility.Thereisconstantworktopromotegreaterinvolvementinsportandphysi-calactivitybydisadvantagedcommunitiesparticularlytheBlack,AsianandMinorityEthnic(BAME)population.TherearemanycurrentinitiativesandprojectsaroundsportandintegrationintheUK.SportCoachUKprovidesawidelistofprojectsaimedtosupportpeoplecurrentlyunder-representedinsportandcoaching,like“WomeninSport”supportingfemaleparticipa-tionand“SportEquals”supportingminorityethnicgroups.

Examples

Madeley Youth and Community Centre (Derby) aimstobringtogetherAsianBritishandKurdishasylumseekersthroughfootball.

Voluntary Action Leicester, Asylum seekers and Refugee Sports Development Project develop and support sporting projects, amongst the refugee andasylumseekercommunityinLeicester.

United Glasgow Football Club (UGFC) competes in an anti-racist footballleagueinGlasgow,ScotlandcomprisedofamixtureofScottishnationals,refugees,asylumseekers,andimmigrants.Theprojectwasinitiallytargetedatyoungmenintheasylumsystem,butwasthenopentoall.

bestpractice-spain

Background

Spainhashadaconsiderableincreaseinthemigrantpopulationduringthelast20years.In1998thetotalpopulationwas38million,withjustoverhalfamillionpeoplecomingfromothercountries,whilein2017thetotalpop-ulationhasreachedalmost42million,withmorethan4andahalfmillionforeignerslivinginSpain.AccordingtotheInstitutoNacionaldeEstadística(Spanish Statistical Office) Morocco is the country that contributes mostforeigners to the Spanish population, with more than 750,000 migrants,followedbyalmost720,000Romanians,255,000British,200,000Chineseandalittlebitmorethan160,000fromEcuador.Asfortheasylumseekers,theconflictsinSyriaandUkrainecausedaspikeinpetitionsandreachedarecordhigh,with15,000peopleapplyingforprotectioninSpain.Non-governmentalorganisations,footballteamsoftheSpanishProfession-alLeague“LaLiga”,andprivatecompaniesdeveloporsupportsocialpro-jectsrelatedwithsporttopromoteinterculturalityinsociety,withspecialemphasisonminorities.

Examples

Sports and Co-operation Network,basedinMadrid,givessupporttootherinternational organisations, governments, public and private associationsandsportfederations.Ithascompletedmorethan100developmentprojectsinEurope,Africa,AsiaandLatinAmerica,helpingmorethan160,000peopletoimprovetheirqualityoflifeandintegrateintosociety.

The Spanish Olympic Committee organises the“Intercultural Olympics”, a“big”day toput intopracticeall the learningacquiredduringworkshopsandtrainings.

Real Madrid Foundation’s social sport soccer schoolbenefitsgirlsandboysbetween5and17yearsold,offeringaneducationbasedonvaluesthroughsport,encouraginginclusionofvulnerablepeople.

Judokan Program, socio-educational integration through judo, for youngpeopleofRuzafaneighborhood.

36

bestpractice-italyBackground

Italyisoneofthecountriesmostaffectedbythewavesofrefugees,espe-cially from northern Africa. The Italian population is 60.795.612 citizens,while 5.014.437 (8.2%) have a foreign nationality and 3.929.916 of themhavearesidencepermit.ThemajorityofthosewhohavearesidencepermitcamefromthecountriesofcentralandeasternEurope(30%)followedbyNorthAfrica(20.7%)toCentralAsia(13.9%)andEastAsia(13.4%).Themainreasonsrelatedtotheneedforresidencepermitsmainlyconcernsworking(52.5%)andfamily(34.1%)issues.MostoftheimmigrantsinItaly(60%)liveinthenorth,whilefrom2009to2015,thepercentageofforeignerswithajobrosefrom5.9to7.8.Since2014,ItalianOlympicCommittee,inco-operationwiththeMinistryofLabourandWelfare,promotesthe“Sporteintegrazione:lapiùbellavitto-ria”(Sportandintegration:themostbeautifulvictory)programme,whichawardsthebestpracticesofintegrationthroughsportinItaly.In2016,45projectswereincludedinanationalselectionofbestpracticeswhichpro-videsarepresentativepointofreferenceofthecurrentstateoftheartinourfield.Fromtheseprojects21involvefootball(astheonlyactivity,orinassociationwithothersports).

37

Examples

National level organisations

CSI – Italian Sports Centre promotes sport and Christian values. It counts13.000clubsindifferentsports,withover1.000.000members.

UISP – Unione Italiana Sport Popolare major national not for profitorganisationorganiseseverysummertheMondialiantirazzisti (TheAnti-RacistWorldCup)event.

SSF (SportWithoutBorders)unitesasolidarityNetworkof109clubsacrossItaly.

Local most renowned practices

Associazione Italiana Cultura Sport (AICS) of CampaniaorganisesaCricketRegionalChampionshipinNaples,8teamsmadeupbyrefugeesandasylumseekers.

Afro-Napoli United football team, made up of migrants from Africa andSouthAmerica,Italiansofsecond-generationandNeapolitans.

Liberi Nantes football team in Rome, entirely composed by refugees andasylumseekers.

38

bestpractice-belgiumBackground

Since2013Belgiumhashadastructural resettlementprogramme,whichoffers protection to a number of vulnerable refugees every year. In 2015Belgiumresettled300refugees:225SyrianrefugeesfromLebanonand75CongoleserefugeesfromtheGreatLakesregion.In2016Belgiumaimedtoresettleatotalof550refugees,amajorityofwhomwereSyrian.Belgiumhasover25,000receptionplacesintotal,andthenetworkcomprisescollectiveandindividualreceptionstructures.Thereceptioncentresare‘open’centres,meaningtheresidentsarefreetocomeandgo.Theyreceiveaccommodationandmeals,clothingandalsosocial,medicalandpsychologicalsupport,adaily allowance (pocket money) as well as access to legal assistance andservicessuchasinterpretingandtraining.Followinganegativedecision, the‘failed’asylumseekerreceivesanordertoleave.Since2012andtheestablishmentofthe‘returnprocedure’,thosewhose negative decision has been confirmed by the Council for AlienDisputesareinvitedtogotooneofthefourFedasilcentersthatorganise‘openreturnplaces’.

39

Examples

Inthefieldofsocial integrationthroughsport, theRedCrosshascreatedseveral sports initiatives, some involving popular sports and others forsportsthatarelittlepracticedatanationallevel,forrefugees.

Mini football championshipisorganisedeveryyearbetweenallthecentersoftheFrancophoneRedCrossforrefugees.

Kick-off association undertakes initiatives to facilitate access to sport foranyone.

Football Club Kraainem in theFlemishareaofKraainem(Brusselsregion)hasbeenopenedforrefugees.Themajorityofpeoplewhojoinedtheclubareunaccompaniedminors-refugeechildrenaged8-9to16-17yearsold(80%ofthepublic),around700youngpeopleperyear;alittlemorethan1,300youngpeoplesincethebeginningoftheproject.

40

bestpractice-cyprusBackground

Cyprusisrelativelysmall,butauniqueislandcountry.Itislocatedinahighlysignificant and strategic position near the Middle East and has a longhistoryasacrossroadforcultures.Cyprushasbeenadividedcountrysince1974andtheTurkishinvasionthatledtotheso-called“Cyprusproblem”.Thepopulationwas838,897onthe1stofOctober2011(fortheRepublicofCyprus,the southern part of the island).There are estimates of total populationof1,133,803,fromwhich80%areGreek-Cypriots,18%TurkishCypriotsandTurkishsettlersand2%,otherminorities(Maronites,Armenians,Latinsandothers). Since 2004, relationships between the two divided communitieshaveimproved,thankstothedecisionofTurkishCypriotregimetopartiallyallowtheopeningofthebordersandbi-communalactivities,inwhichsportplayedasignificantpart(dovesOlympicproject,PeacePlayers).There are no official policies yet concerning sport and integration. In therefugeereceptioncentre(Kofinou)therearenoorganisedsportactivities.

41

Examples

The most relevant recent initiatives were from the Cyprus OlympicCommittee. In Rio 2016, the leader of the refugee team ‘Tegla Loroupe’inspiredofficialsofCyprusOlympicCommitteetodevelopgoodpracticesforrefugees.

Sport stand with refugees initiatives and conference“Women and Sport”whichwasdedicatedtorefugeewomen,helpedmanyrefugeesinCyprustolearnaboutOlympism,playsport,meetTeglaLoroupeandinteractwithCypriotsportingsociety.

Omonoia Nicosia whichisthemostpopularfootballclubinCyprusandhasaleftwingbackground,developsseveralinitiativestosupportrefugeesandprovidesagoodexampleinCypriotfootball.

42

bestpractice-portugalBackground

Portugal, has a rich multicultural and cosmopolitan history. Portugal istodayoneoftheEuropeancountrieswithavividAfricandescentthatcameupwiththedecolonisationprocess,economicgrowth,publicconstructionprojects with a need for human resources, the democratic consolidationand(in1986)integrationintotheEconomicEuropeanCommunityhaveallbecomestructuralfactorsthatincreasedimmigration.PortugalisoneofveryfewEuropeancountrieswhereasinglepublicbody-theHighCommissionforImmigrationandInterculturalDialogue-takesresponsibilityforpoliciesoninterculturaldialogue.TherearethetwoNationalImmigrationSupportCentres(CNAIs,inLisbonandinPorto,offeringservicesforimmigrantsatnationallevelandalsoLocalImmigrationSupportCentres(CLAIs)acrossthecountry.In addition, there is a Portuguese Network of Intercultural Cities whichpromotes the development and implementation of policies for theintegration, diversity management and intercultural dialogue, andpromotesbestpractices.IthasaconnectionwiththeEuropeanNetworkofInterculturalCities.

Examples

National Corfball tournament thiswasamixed tounamentwhichaimedtopromoteequalopportunities,combatbiasanddiscriminatorybehaviorthroughsports.ThegoalwastopracticethesportandcreatealocalteamforrepresentationintheInterculturalTournamentwhichtookplaceonMay19,2013.Joiningthecelebrationsofthe“WorldDayforCulturalDiversityforDialogueandDevelopment”.

Corfebol sem Fronteiras Corfebol is a sport of mixed teams, composed ofequal numbers of men & women, the teams must integrate native andforeign citizens, thus promoting the reinforcement of cultural diversity,as a way of expressing and appreciating their presence and diversity inPortuguesesociety.

whatsportinstitutionsdoOlympic committees

AcommonfindinginmostcountriesisthatNationalOlympicCommitteesdevelopprojectsrelatedtosocialinclusionandintegration.Theseinclude:

• Italian Olympic Committee - Sport and integration: the most beautifulvictoryprogramme,whichmakesawardstoexamplesofthebestpracticeofintegrationthroughsportinItaly.

•The InterculturalOlympicsand the recentagreementbetweenSpanishOlympicCommitteeandtheSpanishCommissionforRefugeeAssistanceCEAR to promote actions and programs that use sport as a tool for theintegrationofrefugeesintoSpanishsociety.

•Cyprus Olympic Committee–‘Sportstandswith refugees’and‘WomenandSport2017’conference.

45

typesofsportsusedFootball

Football,beingthemostpopularsportinEurope,isalsothemostpopularsportforthistypeofinitiative.MajorEuropeanfootballclubs (RealMadrid inSpain,OmonoiaNicosia inCyprus) have developed initiatives that promote the social inclusion ofrefugees. Also, local football clubs develop initiatives about refugees andmigrantsaswell(KraainemFootballClubinKraainemBrusselsregion).In Italy football is the sport through which refugees express themselvesmosteasily.(Afro-NapoliUnited&LiberiNante).Similarly,intheUK,footballclubslikeUnitedGlasgowFootballClub(UGFC)competeinananti-racistfootballleagueinGlasgow.ItiscomprisedofamixtureofScottishnationals,refugees,asylumseekers,andimmigrants.

Other sports

Thereareothertraditionalsportsplayedbymigrants/refugeeswhichnowtakeplace inEuropeancountries.Forexample,Sikh,Bengali,SriLankaandIndiancommunitiesbecometherepresentativesfortheirItaliancityinnationalcricketcompetitions.InBelgium,cricketispracticedbyAfghanandPakistaninationals.Inthesamevein,CorfeballtournamentinPortugalusedthisunfamiliarsportto bring Portuguese citizens and foreigners together. There was also theopportunityformenandwomentoplaytogetherastheteamsweremixed.

46

Thisisperfectlycoherentalsowiththecountriesoforiginofmostmigrantsand refugees on EU territory, mostly coming from Asia, Africa and LatinAmerica.Giventhemostpracticedsportsthroughouttheworldasshowninthemapabove,wecaneasilyunderstandwhichsportscanbetargeteddependingonthecommunitiesinvolved.

47

genderequalityinsportforinterculturaldialoguepracticesacrosseuGender equality

There is a special interest in promoting gender equality in sport projects.Forthisreason,wehighlightthe“WomeninSport”projectintheUKwhichsupportsfemaleparticipationaswellasthe“WomenOnlyExercises”whichdevelop creative learning in Muskaan - Pakistani MuslimWomen. In Italy,outof45relevantprojectsaboutsportandrefugees,only21wereopentobothsexes,and3were targetedatwomen/girls (featuringyoga,volleyballandsoftball),whiletheremaining21wereonlyopentomales.InCyprusthe2017annualcongressofWomenandSportoftheCyprusOlympicCommitteewasdedicatedtorefugeewomen.Generalconclusionsofthecongressshowconcordancewithourpresentfindings,consideringthepracticesweanalysed:there are some very good initiatives, and many are emerging, yet they arestillasmallminority.Thisindicatesthereisalongroadtogenderequalityinsportsatpresent,butwearemakingverygoodstepstobeginwith.

48

HOW TO SET UP AN ACTIVITY

ON SPORT ANDINTERCULTURAL

DIALOGUE

49

creatingyourownactivityFromourresearchithasbeenshownthatthefollowingaspectsshouldbetakenintoaccountwhencreatingyourownsportactivityforInterculturaldialogue.

• strategy

• needs

• specific skill set

• define the activity programme• Best sport activities for ID• Complementary activities• Ease of access

• network

• communication

HOW TO SET UP AN ACTIVITY

ON SPORT ANDINTERCULTURAL

DIALOGUE

50

strategy communication

sportactivitiesnotjustasport needs

networkspecificskillset activityprogramme

easeofaccess

51

hintsonhowtocreateyourownactivity

strategySportforInterculturalDialogueactivitiesshouldbepartofawiderstrategyfortheorganisation.Thisisimportant,becausebydefiningastrategy,theorganisation:

• will be more aware about the vision, the values, the motivations thatunderlietheactivityprovided;•willoperateinawaythatimprovestheskillsandabilitiesneededtoplanandmanagetheactivities.

needsNeeds analysis

Sportsactivitiesshouldmeettheneeds,expectations,anddesiresofthoseinvolved.This means that an important part of the preparation of theseactivitieswillalsobededicatedtounderstandingtheneedsandaspirationsofthisgroup.Itisimportanttobeabletoidentifythe“maintargetgroup”,as well as secondary targets. In addition, take into consideration theeducationalgoalsoftheorganisation.

52

specificskillsetEnhancingtheskillsetsofstaff,trainers,instructors,andvolunteers,isakeypartofthesuccessofsportsactivitiesaimedatinterculturaldialogue.Inparticular,thestaffshouldhaveknowledgeof:

• the issues of migration, minorities, cultural difference,interculturaldialogue;

•sportingpracticessuitable for thepurposeofpromotinginterculturaldialogue.

Aswellastheability:

• to organise a sporting activity or event aimed atpromoting intercultural dialogue, integrating sportsactivitieswithcomplementaryactivities;

• to facilitate groups of participants or work groupscomposedofpeoplefromdifferentcultures.

53

activityprogrammeThissectionweareexploringtheissue:whattypeofactivitycanweorganise?•Sportevents.•Setupasporttrainingcoursesprogramme.

sportactivitiesBest sport activities for Intercultural Dialogue

Activitiesadaptedforinterculturaldialogue,caninclude:

1.Sportingactivitiesthatdrawattentiontointerculturaldialogue,forexample:• Include participants from different cultures, and tailor the activities totheirneeds(likethe“Women-onlyexercise”,UK).•Includecontentsaimedatfosteringinterculturaldialogue(like“InterculturalOlympics”,Spain).•PlaysportssuchasFootballThree,whichinvolveparticipantsindecidingtherulesofthegame,andagreeingamongstthemselves.

2. Sporting activities adapted to enrich them with educational activitiesthroughplayandmovement,allowingparticipantstoworkontheissuesofinterculturaldialogue.

54

notjustsportComplementary activities

As well as sporting activities, it is important to organise complementaryactivities that are aimed at encouraging the integration of migrants orpeoplefromotherculturesingeneral,andpromotinginterculturaldialoguewithinthecommunity.Examplesinclude:•Languagecourses•Provisionofassistancetomigrantsandminorities•Culturalactivities ingeneral, tocreateawarenessof theculturesof thecountriesoforiginofmigrants,aswellasthehostcultureitself.These activities often require other organisations to be involved, hencethe importance of establishing a network with other stakeholders andorganisationsinthearea.

easeofaccess

Otherimportantaspectsofplanningsportsactivitiesare:•Timing•Place•Cost

Alloftheseneedtobeinplacetomaketheactivitiesaccessibletoparticipants,respectingtheirneedsfromasocial,economicalandculturalpointofview.

55

network

Aimtoestablishawidenetworkofcontacts,topartnerorworkwithyouonvariouselementsoftheactivity.Thesecanbe:

•Stakeholders(communityleaders,experts,etc.)•Organisations•Publicsectoradministrators

Itisalsoimportantthattheorganisationandtheactivitiesitoffersrepresenttheneedsofthecommunity,especiallytheneedtointegratethedifferentcommunitiesandencourageinterculturaldialogue.

communication

Communicationoftheactivitiesyouareplanningwillbeneeded,inordertomakesurethewidercommunityisinvolved.Thismustbeplannedinadvance,incoordinationwiththedevelopmentofthestrategyforyourproject.

56

SPORT ID TRAINING

OF TRAINERSMODULE

57

SPORT ID TRAINING

OF TRAINERSMODULE

introductionThe Sports ID partnership has created and tested a training module.DifferencesbetweenEuropeannations–suchasdifferentsporttraditions,differentmigrationroutesanddifferentapproachestoinformaleducation– were taken into account.The partnership developed a common set ofpracticesandactivities,withdifferentteachingstrategies,trainingstructureand context. Each part of the training course focuses on specific aspectsof the learningobjectivesandusesdifferentmaterialsandactivities.YoucanfindtheSPORTIDTrainingmoduleplan,togetherwithwholerangeofmaterialsandactivitiesonSPORTIDwebsite.

58

learningobjectivesFromtheinitialprojectwork,thepartnershipagreedonsixspecificlearningobjectives.

•IntroductiontoSportandInterculturalDialogueinEurope•Diversitycohesion•Rulesandconflictresolution•Theroleofthefacilitator•Sportprogrammesforinterculturaldialoguewithinthecommunity•Howtoplanandperformsportandsportrelatedactivitieswithmulticulturalgroups

59

learning objectives

SportforInterculturaldialogueinEurope

•Beingawareofhowdifferenttraditionssociallyconstructsportandsportrelatedactivities•Beingawareofwhatkindoforganisationsarethereoperatingatna-tionalandeuropeancontextinthefieldofSportforinterculturaldia-logueandwhichkindofprogrammesaretheyimplementingatpresent

DiversityCohesion

•Beingabletopreventandtacklediscriminationandracismwithinamulticulturalgroup• Being able to promote tollerance and communication within amulticulturalgroup• Being able to foster sensitivity towards cultural diversity andsportdiversity

Rulesandconflictresolution•Beingabletonegotiatecommonrulesinamulticulturalgroup•Beingabletofosteractivelisteningamongallmembersofthegroup•Beingabletomediateconflictsinamulticulturalgroup

acquired skills – learning outcomes

Theroleofthefacilitator

•Beingawareofproblemsthatmayarisewhiletrainingagroup,andamulticulturalgroupspecifically•Beingawareofpossibilesolutions•Beingabletoexperimentandchoosesolutionsonthefield

Sportprogramsforinterculturaldialoguewithinthecommunity

• Being aware of which criteria a sport for intercultural dialogueactivityshouldfulfill•Beingabletoplanaprogram/activityforaspecificcommunity/group•Beingabletoinvolvethecommunity

Planandperformsportndsportrelatedactivitieswithmulticulturalgroups

•Experimenttheactivitiesandprogramswithaspecifictargetgroup•Beingabletogetthefeedbackfromthegroup•Beingable tochangeone’sfacilitatingstylebasedon thefeed-backofthegroup

60

RESOURCES AND USEFUL MATERIALS

61

RESOURCES AND USEFUL MATERIALS

referencesOn migration issues:www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/headlines/society/20170629STO78630/eu-migrant-crisis-facts-and-figures

ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Migration_and_migrant_population_statistics#Acquisitions_of_citizenship:_EU_Member_States_granted_citizenship_to_almost_1_million_persons_in_2016

ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Migration_and_migrant_population_statistics

www.hrw.org/tag/europes-migration-crisis

On sport and intercultural dialogue in the EU:

www.euractiv.com/section/sports/linksdossier/sport-and-intercultural-dialogue/

rm.coe.int/sport-facing-the-test-of-cultural-diversity-integration-and-intercultu/1680734be5

pjp-eu.coe.int/documents/1017981/1667865/Sport .pdf/2500e8fb-e89d-47f7-bdec-baa01c28f828

www.coe.int/en/web/sport/epas

www.coe.int/en/web/sport-migrant-integration-directory/home

On SPORT ID website you can fi nd:

•SPORT ID Handbook:ausefultooltoorientateyourorganisation’sactivitytowardssportforinterculturaldialogue

•SPORT ID Training module plan:youcanuseittoplananddeliveryourownSPORTIDtrainingmodule

•Asetofactivitiesandgamesyoucanuseduringtrainings

•SPORT ID DAY Guidelines:youcanuseittoorganiseyourownSPORTIDDayEvent

•LinkstotheSPORT ID Network:youcanuseittocontactortakeinspirationfromalltheorganisationsjoiningthenetworkacrosstheEUorevenbecomeamemberyoursel

•Otherusefullinkstonews,eventsandinitiativesacrossEuropeandmaterialsdeveloppedindifferentprojectsandcontexts

63

sportforinterculturaldialogueErasmus+Sport,CollaborativePartnershipsCod.2016-3602/001–001January2017-December2018www.sport4id.eu

[email protected]

[email protected]

dacorumcouncilforvoluntaryservicewww.communityactiondacorum.orgEUprojects@communityactiondacorum.org.uk

centreforadvancementofresearchanddevelopmentineducation(cardet)[email protected]

100% aventura–associaçãodedesportoenaturezawww.facebook.com/associacao.aventura/[email protected]

[email protected]

learningcenterforyouth(lcyouth)[email protected]

fundaciónreddeporteycooperació[email protected]

[email protected]

64