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LATIHAN PENGUCAPAN BUNYI BAHASA INGGRIS PLUS REGULAR DAN IRREGULAR VERBS ['gæðэ:(r )] ['gæðэ:(r )d] ['gæðэ:(r )d] ['gæðэ:riŋ] A [èi] B [bi:] C [si:] D [di:] E [i:] ALL READY – ALREADY [,o:l'rèdi] O L E H AID – AIDE [èid] ALL TOGETHER – ALTOGETHER [,o:ltэ'gèðэ]
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Spelling & Irregular Verb

Nov 01, 2015

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Page 1: Spelling & Irregular Verb

LATIHAN PENGUCAPAN BUNYI

BAHASA INGGRIS

PLUS

REGULAR DAN IRREGULAR VERBS

['gæðэ:(r )] ['gæðэ:(r )d] ['gæðэ:(r )d] ['gæðэ:riŋ]

A [èi] B [bi:] C [si:] D [di:] E [i:]

ALL READY – ALREADY [,o:l'rèdi]

O

L

E

H

AID – AIDE [èid]

ALL TOGETHER – ALTOGETHER [,o:ltэ'gèðэ]

[trèd] [trod] ['trodn] [trèdiŋ]

DRS. ERLIS ALNUR

DAFTAR ISI

Page 2: Spelling & Irregular Verb

Hal

Daftar Isi

Kata Pengantar

Bagian Pertama 5

Alfabet Bhs.Inggris

Bagian Kedua 10

Bunyi hidup/vowel

Bagian Ketiga 15

Bunyi mati/konsonan

Bagian Keempat 26

Bunyi diftong

Bagian Kelima 29

Pengucapan homonyms, contractions,

silent words, strong & weak forms.

Kata Kerja Beraturan 37

Kata Kerja Tak Beraturan 49

DaftarPustaka 57

2

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KATA PENGANTAR

Alhamdulillah, dengan mengucap syukur kepada Allah Swt,

akhirnya penulis berhasil menyelesaikan penulisan buku kecil tentang cara

pengucapan bunyi bunyi yang ada dalam bahasa Inggris plus kata kerja

beraturan (regular verbs) dan kata kerja tidak beraturan (irregular verbs).

Buku latihan bunyi bahasa Bahasa Inggris ini terdiri atas lima

bagian dimana semuanya harus dilatih bagian demi bagian. Latihlah bagian

pertama sampai anda dapat mengucapkannya dengan baik baru kemudian

beralih pada bagian kedua dan seterusnya. Tekunlah berlatih secara rutin

setiap hari. Setengah jam tiap hari lebih baik dari pada lima jam tetapi

hanya sekali sebulan. Ingat bahwa PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT, alah

bisa karena biasa.

Buku ini dapat dipergunakan baik secara mandiri dirumah bagi

mereka yang telah mempunyai dasar-dasar bahasa INGGRIS maupun secara

bersama-sama dalam kelas oleh pelajar SD, SMP, atau SMA dengan arahan

seorang instruktur/guru yang telah mendapatkan pelatihan pengucapan

bunyi-bunyi bahasa INGGRIS.

Penggunaan tanda baca merupakan kombinasi dari pengucapan

RP(Received Pronunciation), Inggris Amerika dan ucapan bunyi bahasa

Indonesia untuk memudahkan penggunaannya.

3

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Penulis menyadari bahwa dalam buku kecil ini tentunya terdapat

kekurangan-kekurangan dan kami menantikan kritik yang membangun demi

kesempurnaan buku kecil ini.

Semoga berguna dan bermanfaat.

Pontianak, Juni 2001

ERLIS ALNUR

4

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Bagian Pertama

5

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Pada bagian ini anda akan diajak untuk melafalkan alfabet bahasa

Inggris dan diminta mengikuti petunjuk yang diberikan oleh guru/instruktur.

Alfabet bahasa Inggris mempunyai jumlah yang sama dalam bahasa

Indonesia yakni sebanyak  26 buah. Kini marilah kita latih masing-masing

alfabet tersebut. Pertama-tama ucapkan masing-masing bunyi 2 kali. Ikuti

contoh yang diberikan oleh guru.

A [èi] B [bi:] C [si:] D [di:] E [i:]

F [èf] G [ d i:] H [èit∫ ] I [ai] J [d èi]

K [khèi] L [èl] M [èm] N [èn] O [зu]

P [phi:] Q [kju:] R [a: ( r )] S [ès] T [thi:]

U [ju:] V [vi:] W [d^bl ju:] X [èks] Y [wai]

Z [zèd] or [zi:]

Sebelum memulai kembali latihan bunyi alfabet harap perhatikan

bunyi bunyi berikut ini:

P [phi:] T [thi:] K [khi:]

Ketiga bunyi tersebut mendapatkan aspirasi yang tidak ada dalam

bahasa Indonesia. Mari kita bedakan bunyi-bunyi tersebut baik dalam

bahasa Indonesia maupun bahasa Inggris. Ucapkan bunyi-bunyi tersebut

masing-masing 3 kali.

Bahasa Indonesia Bahasa Inggris

Pi [phi:] 3x6

Page 7: Spelling & Irregular Verb

Ti [thi:] 3x

Ki [khi:] 3x

Dapatkah anda merasakan perbedaannya? Sekarang ambil kertas

satu lembar dan letakkan kertas tersebut dekat bibir dan ucapkan bunyi-

bunyi di atas (p, t, k) masing-masing 3x. Sekarang coba ucapkan kembali

bunyi-bunyi tersebut.

[phi:] 3x

[thi:] 3x

[khi:] 3x

Jika anda sudah mengucapkannya dengan benar maka kertas

tersebut akan bergoyang ke depan. Kalau belum ulangi lagi dengan

meletakkan jari-jari tangan di depan bibir dan kembali ucapkan bunyi-bunyi

tersebut (p,t,k). Ulangi masing-masing sebanyak tiga kali.

[phi:] 3x

[thi:] 3x

[khi:] 3x

Apakah anda merasakan angin yang menerpa jari tangan anda? Jika

anda merasakan terpaan angin maka berarti anda telah berhasil dengan baik.

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Jika belum ,jangan bosan untuk melatihnya secara teratur dan terus

menerus.

Kini ulangi mengucapkan semua bunyi alfabet bahasa Inggris

masing-masing   3x.

A [èi] A [èi] A [èi]

B [bi:] B [bi:] B [bi:]

C [si:] C [si:] C [si:]

D [di:] D [di:] D [di:]

E [i:] E [i:] E [i:]

F [èf] F [èf] F [èf]

G [d i:] G [d i:] G [d i:]

H [èit∫ ] H [èit∫ ] H [èit∫ ]

I [ai:] I [ai:] I [ai:]

J [d èi] J [d èi] J [d èi]

K [khèi] K [khèi] K [khèi]

L [èl] L [èl] L [èl]

M [èm] M [èm] M [èm]

N [èn] N [èn] N [èn]

O [эu] O [ эu] O [ эu]

P [phi:] P [phi:] P [phi:]

Q [kju:] Q [kju:] Q [kju:]

R [a:(r )] R [a:(r )] R [a:(r )]

S [ès] S [ès] S [ès]

T [thi:] T [thi:] T [thi:]

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U [ju:] U [ju:] U [ju:]

V [vi:] V [vi:] V [vi:]

W [d^bl ju:] W [d^bl ju:] W [d ^bl ju:]

X [èks] X [èks] X [èks]

Y [wai] Y [wai] Y [wai]

Z [zèd] Z [zèd] Z [zèd]

[zi:] [zi:] [zi:]

CATATAN : 1. Tanda : yang mengikuti bunyi-bunyi di atas (contoh:

[si:]) berarti bunyi tersebut dipanjangkan.

2. Bunyi ( r ) diucapkan seperti anjing sedang berebut

tulang dan bukan seperti bunyi ( r ) dalam bahasa

Indonesia maupun bunyi ( r ) dalam bahasa Jerman.

3. Huruf ay bahasa Inggris dalam kata seperti pay, say,

day dan lain-lainnya mendapat tekanan dan dibaca

seperti mengucapkan bunyi ‘ a ‘ dalam alfabet yakni [èi]

4. Bunyi-bunyi p,t,k diucapkan dengan memberikan

aspirasi jika bunyi-bunyi tersebut diikuti oleh salah satu

bunyi vokal (12 buah) dan diftong (9 buah) yang terdapat

dalam halaman 10, 26. dan 27.

Contoh: Bunyi Diikuti bunyi Kata Diucapkan 9

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p i pint [phaint]

p èi paper ['phèipэ:(r)]

t æ tango ['thæŋgэu]

t ai time [thaim]

k ^ cup [kh^p]

k au cow [khau]

Bunyi-bunyi tersebut diatas harus diaspirasikan, dalam artian disertai

dengan bunyi [h]. Mengapa? Karena, bagi orang Inggris/Amerika

bunyi “time” dan “dime” akan terdengar sama jika bunyi “time”

tidak disertai dengan aspirasi, yakni [thaim]

=§§§§§=

Bagian Kedua

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Pada bagian kedua ini anda diperkenalkan pada semua bunyi

hidup/vokal, bahasa Inggris yang jumlahnya 12 buah. Bunyi hidup dalam

bahasa Inggris lebih banyak jumlahnya dibandingkan hanya 5 dalam bahasa

Indonesia.

Pertama-tama latihlah bunyi hidup yang berjumlah 12 buah tersebut.

Simbolnya adalah seperti di bawah ini:

1. ^ 2. a: 3. è 4. æ 5. כ

6. :כ 7 . i 8. i: 9. u 10. u:

11. э 12. э:

Satu hal yang perlu diingat adalah bahwa bunyi-bunyi dalam bahasa

Inggris tidak ada satupun yang persis sama dengan bunyi yang terdapat

dalam bahasa Indonesia. Yang ada hanyalah kemiripan namun tidak persis

sama. Ucapkanlah bunyi-bunyi di bawah ini mengikuti ucapan

guru/instruktur.

1. ^ (pendek) 3. è (pendek)

2. a: (panjang) 4. æ (mulut melebar ditarik keatas dan kesamping)

7. i (pendek) (pendek) כ .5

8. i: (panjang) (panjang) :כ .6

9. u (pendek) 11.э (pendek)

10.u: (panjang) 12. э: (panjang)

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Coba ulangi bunyi-bunyi No.3 dan No.4 sehingga dapat

mengucapkannya dengan baik. Ucapkan bunyi-bunyi tersebut secara

berpasangan berulang kali.

3. è 4.æ 3. è 4. æ 3. è 4. æ

Apakah terdapat perbedaan? Jelas sekali. Pada produksi bunyi No.4

kita harus membuka rongga mulut lebih lebar kesamping dan keatas

sedangkan No.3 hanya kesamping saja. Ingat, bunyi No.4 memerlukan

latihan yang serius dan lama.

Kini tiba saatnya untuk mengulangi bunyi-bunyi hidup di atas

sebanyak-banyaknya.

1. ^ (pendek) 2. a: (panjang)

^ ^ ^ a: a: a:

3. è (pendek) 4. æ (mulut melebar ditarik keatas dan kesamping)

è è è æ æ æ

(panjang) :כ .6 (pendek) כ .5

כ כ כ כ: כ: כ :

7. i (pendek) 8. i: (panjang)

i i i i: i: i:

9. u (pendek) 10.u: (panjang)

u u u u: u: u:

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11.э (pendek) 12.э:(panjang)

э э э э: э: э:

Sekarang ucapkan bunyi-bunyi tersebut dalam kata-kata di bawah

ini sebanyak 3 X :

1. ^ = cup [kh^p], run [r^n], sun [s^ n], lunch [l^nt∫], cut [kh ^ t], gun

[g^ n]

2. a: = dark [da:(r)k], park [pha:( r)k], bar [ba:(r)], dart [da:(r)t], heart

[ha:(r)t], fart [fa:(r)t]

3. è = ten [thèn], lend [lènd], bend [bènd] men [mèn], den [dèn], pen

[phèn], send [sènd]

4. æ = tan [thæn], land [lænd], band [bænd], man [mæn], Dan [dæn],

pan [phæn],sand [sænd]

5. o = bond [bכnd], lot [lכt], not [nכt], cot [khכt], hot [hכt], pot [phכt],

dot [dכt], sot [sכt]

6. o: = norm [nכ:(r)m], form [fכ:(r)m], saw [sכ:], law [lכ:], paw [phכ:],

straw [strכ:]

7. i = sit [sit], hit [hit], knit [nit], bid [bid], lit [lit], fit [fit], grid [grid],

pit [phit]

8. i: = see - sea [si:], he [hi:], me [mi:], read - reed [ri:d], greed [gri:d]

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9. u = put [phut], book [buk], bull [bul], bully ['buli], full [ful], pull

[phul]

10. u: = stew [stu:], new [nu:], few [fju:],drew [dru:], grew [gru:], brew

[bru:], true [tru:]

11. э = open ['эupэn], student ['stju:dnt], management ['mænid mэnt],

settle ['setl]

12. э: = fur [fэ:(r)], blur [blэ:(r)], dirt [dэ:(r)t], murky ['mэ:(r)ki], heard

[hэ:(r)d], bird [bэ:(r)d], burnt [bэ:(r)nt]

=§§§§§=

Bagian Ketiga

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Pada bagian ini akan dijelaskan mengenai bunyi mati atau

konsonan, bagaimana mengucapkan akhiran -s dan -ies pada  kata benda

jamak dan kata kerja orang ketiga tunggal dan mengucapkan akhiran -ed

pada kata kerja bentuk past/past participle (bentuk kata kerja kedua dan

ketiga).

Pertama-tama ucapkan bunyi konsonan di bawah ini masing-

masing sebanyak 3 x :

1. p = dihasilkan dengan merapatkan kedua  bibir dan dibunyikan

sebagai berikut: pэh pэh pэh

2. b = juga dihasilkan dengan cara yang sama  dan dibunyikan sebagai:

bэh bэh bэh

3. t = dihasilkan dengan meletakkan ujung lidah  pada gusi bagian

atas dan dibunyikan sebagai thэh thэh thэh

4. d =   dihasilkan  dengan  cara  yang  sama  dan dibunyikan sebagai:

dэh dэh dэh

5. k =   dihasilkan dengan melengkungkanan lidah pada bagian belakang

langit-langit dan dibunyikan sebagai kh эh kh эh kh эh

6. g =   dihasilkan  dengan  cara  yang  sama  dan dibunyikan sebagai :

gэh gэh gэh

7. f = dihasilkan dengan meletakkan gigi  bagian atas pada bibir

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bagian bawah  dan hembuskan udara dengan bebas dibunyikan

seperti эf эf эf

8. v = dihasilkan dengan cara yang  sama  tetapi udara  ditahan  dengan

gigi  dan diucapkan sebagai: vэh vэh vэh

9. θ=  dihasilkan  dengan  meletakkan   ujung lidah diantara gigi atas

dan bawah dan kemudian menghembuskan udara lewat gigi.

10. ð = dihasilkan dengan cara meletakkan  ujung lidah  pada  gigi

bagian atas  dan kemudian menghembuskan udara sambil

menahan udara yang keluar dengan gigi.

11. s = katupkan  gigi atas dan gigi  bawah  dan hembuskan  udara

sehingga terdengar sebagai bunyi ular yang mendesis

12. z = dihasilkan dengan cara yang  sama  namun udara ditahan oleh

gigi.

13. ∫ = dibunyikan seperti orang mengusir ayam. syэh syэh syэh

14. = bentuk mulut sama seperti orang  mengusir ayam  namun

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 udara yang dikeluarkan ditahan oleh gigi dibunyikan

seperti yэh yэh yэh

15. t∫ = dihasilkan dengan membulatkan bibir diucapkan seperti

seperti cэh cэh cэh

16. = dihasilkan dengan cara yang  sama  namun udara  yang

dikeluarkan ditahan dengan  gigi dan dibunyikan sebagai

эh эh эh

17. h = dihasilkan dengan menghembuskan udara dari tenggorokan

hэh hэh hэh

18. m = seperti suara sengau dalam bahasa Indonesia yakni dengan

mengatupkan bibir dan udara dikeluarkan lewat hidung.

19. n = begitu pula dengan bunyi ini sama dengan bunyi pada

bahasa Indonesia.

20 ŋ = diucapkan seperti ng dalam bahasa Indonesia

21. l = diucapkan  seperti bunyi l  pada  bahasa Indonesia.

22. r = diucapkan seperti anjing berebut  makanan ataupun [rэh].

23. y = diucapkan seperti yэh.

24. w =diucapkan seperti wэh

Sekarang ucapkan bunyi-bunyi tersebut masing-masing

sebanyak 3 X.

1. p = paper  ['phèipэ:(r)], lip [lip], pot [phכt], spot [spכt], pulp [ph ^lp],

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drop  [drכp], step [stèp], nap [næp].

2. b = bond  [bכnd], blend [blènd], lab  [læb],bulb [b^lb], bravo

[ bra:'vэu], lobe [lэub], slab [slæb], crab [kræb].

3. k = book  [buk],  take [thèik],  kite  [khait], clock [klכk], make

[mèik], break  [brèik], keel [khi:l], cone [khэun], arch [a:(r)k].

4. g = dog  [dכg],  clog [klכg], gun  [g^n], got [gכt], single ['siŋgl],

angle['æŋgl], brag [bræg].

5. t = time [thaim], slit [slit], beat [bi:t],turn [thэ:(r)n], great [grèit], slot

[slכt], tango ['thæŋgэu], trunk [tr^ŋk].

6. d = drink [driŋk], bed [bèd], dream [dri:m], don't [dэunt], cradle

['krèidl],red [rèd], Andy ['ændi], riddle ['ridl].

7. f = file [fail], lift [lift], leaf [li:f],rifle ['raifl], offer ['ofэ(r)], refund

['ri:f^nd], knife [naif].

8. v = vain [vèin], of [эv], veto ['vi:thэu], river['rivэ(r)], move

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[mu:v],ever ['èvэ(r)], leaves [li:vz], violin [‚vai'эlin].

9. θ = thing [θiŋ], bath [bæθ], breath [brèθ],thin [θin], thought

[θo:t], death [dèθ], thimble [θimbl], oath [эuθ]

10. ð = with [wið ], breathe [bri:ð ], bathe [bèið], those [ðэuz], mother

['m^ðэ(r)], there-their [ðèэ(r)], brother ['br^ðэ( r)].

11. s = kiss [khis], list [list], sap [sæp], lass [læs], fast [fæst], its [its],

sit [sit], rice [rais].

12. z = zoo [zu:], razor ['rèizэ(r)], zeal [zi:l], hazel ['hèizl], maze

[mèiz], zero ['ziэrэu], zink [ziŋk].

13. ∫ = shoe [∫u:], shit [∫it], wash [wכ∫], sure [∫uэ], blush [bl^∫ ],

action ['æk∫n], ancient ['èin∫эnt], dictation [dik'tèi∫n].

14. =Asian ['èi эn/èi∫эn], vision ['vi эn], measure ['mè э(r)],

fussion ['fju: эn], seizure ['si: э(r)], Asean['æ èan].

15. t∫ = child [t∫aild], bitch [bit∫], beach [bi:t∫] ,watch [wכt∫], chop

[t∫כp], china ['t∫ainэ].

16. = general ['d ènэrэl], manager ['mæni э:(r)],giant[' aiэnt],

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gigolo[' igэlэu], gin[ in], badge [bæ ], ridge [ri ].

17. h = hot [hכt ], hand [hænd], hide [haid],hit [hit], hood [hud],

bee-hive ['bi:haiv].

18. m = mad [mæd], mint [mint], moon [mu:n], rhyme [raim], Rome

[rэum], blame [blèim],home [hэum], him [him].

19. n = nine [nain], naive [na:'iv], clan [klæn],rain [rèin], hand

[hænd], fan [fæn].

20. ŋ = sing [siŋ ], rang [ræŋ], drink [driŋk],cling [kliŋ], fling [fliŋ],

song [sכŋ].

21. l = ball [bכl], boil [bכil], call [khכl], lock [lכk], blur [blэ:(r)],

riddle ['ridl], class [klæs], hail [hèil].

22. r = water ['wכ:tэ(r)], right [rait], clear[kliэ(r)], better ['bètэ:(r)],

wrangler ['ræŋglэ(r)], return [ri'tэ:(r)n].

23. y = you [ju:], yes [jès], young [j^ŋ], yawn [jכ:n], yeast [jist].

24. w = wet [wèt], wine [wain], wind [wind],window ['windэu], war

[wכ:(r)].

Bunyi  s, iz dan z pada kata benda jamak dan kata kerja orang

ketiga tunggal dalam bentuk Simple  Present Tense adalah seperti tergambar 20

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dalam contoh-contoh di bawah ini. Pertama-tama ikuti masing-masing

bunyi sebanyak 3X:

s s s

iz iz iz

z z z

CATATAN: 1. Untuk kata benda/kata kerja yang berakhiran dengan

bunyi  p,t,k,f dan θ maka bentuk ketiga kata kerja dan

jamaknya dibunyikan sebagai s. Ikuti ucapan guru

masing-masing 3 X:

eats  [i:ts],  stops  [stכps],  takes  [thèiks], mouths

[mauθs], bluffs  [bl^fs]  , lips [lips],  cats  [khæts], docks

[dכks],  roofs  [rufs].

Kini ikuti ucapkan kata-kata di bawah ini masing-masing

3 X:

Kata benda Kata kerja

bit - bits[bits] bite - bites [baits]

chit - chits[t∫its] write - writes [raits]

map – maps [mæps ] dip - dips [dips]

lap - laps [læps ] hope - hopes [hэups]

hook - hooks [huks] seek - seeks [si:ks]

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sake - sakes [sèiks] lock - locks [lכks]

reef - reefs [ri:fs]

2.  Kata benda/kata kerja orang ketiga tunggal yang

berakhiran dengan bunyi desis s,z, ∫, zy, t∫ dan j maka

akhiran -es dibunyikan sebagai :[iz]. Ikuti contoh ucapan

guru/instruktur sebanyak 3 X:

glasses  [glæsiz], classes [klæsiz],  buzzes [b^ziz],

houses ['hauziz] , watches  [wכt∫iz], beaches  (bi:t∫iz],

changes [t∫èin iz], stiches  [sti:t∫iz], manages

['mænid iz].

3. Bagi kata benda/kata kerja yang berakhiran dengan bunyi

selain pada No.1 & 2 maka bentuk jamak dan orang

ketiga tunggalnya diakhiri dengan bunyi ( z ).

Ikuti contoh pengucapan yang diberikan oleh guru

sebanyak 3 X:

ball - balls [bכlz] bail - bails [bèilz] dog - dogs [dכgz]

brag - brags [brægz] stream - streams [stri:mz] trim -

trims [trimz] song - songs [sכŋz] sing - sings [siŋz]

sin - sins [sinz] win - wins [winz] draw - draws [drכ:z]

bed - beds [bèdz] move – moves [mu:vz] baby

babies[bèibiz]

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4.Bagi kata kerja yang berakhiran dengan -ed  (  kata kerja

+ ed ) maka akhiran –ed tersebut dibunyikan sebagai

berikut:

a) [ t ] jika kata kerjanya berakhiran dengan bunyi p

,k , f , ∫, t∫, θ dan s. Ikuti ucapan bunyi-bunyi di

bawah ini setelah guru/instruktur:

kiss [khis] - kissed [khist] box [bכks] - boxed [b

- [ksכziэr'] kst], bath [bæθ] - bathed [bæθt] xeroxכ

xeroxed ['ziэrכkst] watch [wכt∫] - watched [w

- [∫כw] t∫t] clutch [kl^t∫ ] - clutched [kl^t∫t] washכ

washed [wכ∫t] blush [ bl^∫] - blushed [bl^∫t] bluff

[bl^f] - bluffed [bl^ft] slip [slip] - slipped [slipt]

chop [t∫כp] - chopped [t∫כpt] book [buk] - booked

[bukt] clock [klכk] - clocked [klכkt] shock [∫כk] -

shocked [∫כkt]

b). Dibunyikan [id] jika kata kerjanya berakhir

dengan bunyi [tэh] dan [dэh]. Ikuti contoh di

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bawah ini masing-masing 3 X: end [ènd] - ended

[èndid] blend [blènd] - blended [blèndid] mind

[maind] - minded [maindid] wait [wèit] -

waited [wèitid] treat [tri:t] - treated [tri:tid] shift

[∫ift] - shifted [∫iftid]

c). Dibunyikan  [d] jika kata kerjanya berakhir

dengan bunyi-bunyi selain yang telah dijelaskan

pada point (a) dan (b). Ikuti pengucapan yang

dilakukan oleh guru/instruktur sebanyak 3 X:

ball [bכl] - balled [bכld] kill [khil] - killed

[khild] moan [mэun] - moaned [mэund] dream

[dri:m] - dreamed [dri:md] row [rэu] - rowed

[rэud] tie [thai] - tied [thaid] move [mu:v] -

moved [mu:vd] brew [bru:] - brewed [bru:d]

pair [phèэ(r)] - paired [phèэ(r)d] tour [thuэ] -

toured [thuэd] rob [rכb] - robbed [rכbd] hang

[hæŋ] - hanged [hæŋd] bathe [bèið] - bathed

[bèiðd] bar [ba:(r)] - barred [ ba:(r)d] slay [slèi]

-slayed [slèid] dan lain-lainnya.

5. Bunyi-bunyi b,d dan g pada permulaan dan akhir kata

harus dibunyikan seperti contoh berikut:

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bag [bæg] , get [gèt] , bank [bæŋk], lab [læb], dog [d

[gכ seed [si:d], drug [dr^g], drink [driŋk], crab

[kræb]. Bunyi b,d,g ini merupakan “kembaran” dari

bunyi p,t,k karena cara pengucapannya tidak banyak

berbeda. Bedakan bunyi-bunyi tersebut dalam

contoh dibawah ini:

lab [læb] - lap [læp]

bad [bæd] - bat [bæt]

dog [dכg] - dock [dכk]

Jika tidak dibedakan mungkin saja akan

menimbulkan salah pengertian: She’s a bad girl bisa

terdengar menjadi She’s a bat girl. Where’s your dog?

akan terdengar Where’s your dock? ataupun Where’s

your bag? akan terdengar Where’s your back?

Usahakan agar dapat mengucapkan bunyi-bunyi di

bawah ini dengan sempurna dan memperhatikan

perbedaannya:

bad bat bed bet

[bæd] [bæt] [bèd] [bèt]

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karena jika tidak bunyinya akan sama yakni seperti

ini:

[bèt] [bèt] [bèt] [bèt]

6. Bunyi-bunyi lainnya kecuali ada penjelasan lain juga

harus dibunyikan. Lihat bagian The Silent Letters

(Huruf-huruf yang tidak dibunyikan)

=§§§§§=

Bagian Keempat

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Pada bagian ini akan diberikan contoh pengucapan bunyi diftong

bahasa Inggris dan dibandingkan dengan diftong bahasa Indonesia. Ingat

bunyi diftong bahasa Inggris tidak sama dengan diftong bahasa Indonesia.

Karakteristik bunyi diftong bahasa Inggris adalah bunyinya diucapkan

secara cepat sedangkan dalam bahasa Indonesia relatif lebih lambat.

Dengarkan contoh pengucapan masing-masing diftong oleh guru/instruktur.

Bahasa Indonesia Bahasa Inggris

Kau [kau] Cow [khau]

Bau [baau] Bough [bau]

Tai [taai] Tie [thai]

Kini ucapkan masing-masing diftong sebanyak 3 X.

Bahasa Indonesia Bahasa Inggris

Kau [kaau] Cow [khau]

Kau [kaau] Cow [khau]

Kau [kaau] Cow [khau]

Bau [baau] Bough [bau]

Bau [baau] Bough [bau]

Bau [baau] Bough [bau]

Tai [taai] Tie [thai]

Tai [taai] Tie [thai]

Tai [taai] Tie [thai]

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Ulangi keseluruhan diftong tersebut 3 X lagi.

Kau [kaau] bau [baau] tai [taai]

Cow [khau] bough [bau] tie [thai]

Kau   [kaau]    bau  [baau]    tai   [taai]

Cow [khau] bough [bau] tie [thai]

Kau [kaau] bau [baau] tai [taai]

Cow [khau] bough [bau] tie [thai]

Bagaimana?  Jelas perbedaannya bukan?  Latih terus sampai anda

dapat mengucapkannya dengan benar. Kini latihlah semua bunyi diftong

yang terdapat dalam bahasa Inggris dalam bentuk kata.

ai = Hi [hai], by [bai], try [trai], cry [krai], die [dai], imply [im'plai], fry

[frai]

oi = toy [thכi], decoy ['di:khכi], joy [d כi], employ [im'plכi], loin [lכin],

troy [trכi]

ei = May [mèi], sleigh [slèi], day [dèi], hey [hèi], state [stèit], date [dèit]

au = clown [klaun], now [nau], crown [kraun], how [hau], trousers

['trauzэ:(r)z],

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эu = ago [ э'gэu ], home [hэum], so [sэu], blow [blэu], low [lэu], don't

[dэunt]

iэ = beer [biэ(r)], fear [fiэ(r)], deer-dear [diэ(r)] tear [thiэ(r)], here

[hiэ(r)]

eэ = tear [thèэ(r)], hair - hare [hèэ(r)], dare [dèэ(r)], Blair [blèэ(r)], wear

[wèэ(r)]

uэ = pure [pjuэ(r)], duel ['dju:эl], truant [truэnt], fuel [fjuэl], truest

[truэst], tour [tuэ(r)]

auэ = power ['phauэ(r)] , shower ['∫auэ(r)], hour ['auэ(r)] tower ['thauэ(r)]

CATATAN : 1. Ulangi pengucapan diftong èi sebanyak 3 X: èi èi

èi.

2. Bedakan:

è dibunyikan seperti dalam kata bed [bèd]

э dibunyikan seperti dalam kata truant [truэnt]

ei dibunyikan seperti dalam kata day [dèi ]

Bagian Kelima

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Pada bagian ini akan diberikan contoh-contoh ucapan kata-kata

yang sama pengucapannya (HOMONYMS), penyingkatan

(CONTRACTIONS), huruf-huruf yang tidak dibunyikan (SILENT

LETTERS)  dan kata-kata tertentu dalam bentuk kuat dan lemah (STRONG

AND WEAK FORMS).

I. HOMONYMS

AID – AIDE [èid] ALL READY – ALREADY [l'rèdi:כ] ALL

TOGETHER

– ,ALTOGETHER [כ:ltэ'gèðэ] ALTAR – ALTER [כ:l'tэ] BIRTH -

BERTH[bэ:( r)θ] BREAK - BRAKE [brèik] BERRY - BURY ['bèri]

BUY- BY [bai] CAPITAL – CAPITOL ['khæpitl] CELLAR – SELLER

['sèlэ] CELL - SELL [sèl] SCENT - SENT [sènt] CITE – SITE [sait]

COMPLEMENT – COMPLIMENT [ 'kכmplimэnt] COUNCIL –

COUNSEL ['khaunsl] THEY'VE [ðèiv] DEER- DEAR [diэ(r)] DIE - DYE

[dai] DISCREET – DISCRETE [di'skri:t] DUAL – DUEL ['dju:эl ]

FLAIR – FLARE [flèэ(r)] FLOUR - FLOWER ['flauэ(r)]

FOREWORD – FORWARD ['fכ:wэd] FOURTH – FORTH [fכ (r)θ]

GUESSED- GUEST [gèst] GIBE – JIBE [jaib] GORILLA – GUERILLA

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[gэ'rilэ] HEAL - HEEL [hi:l] HOARD – HORDE [hכ:(r)d ] HEAR -

HERE [hiэ(r)] HIM - HYMN [him] HIGHER - HIRE [haiэ(r)] HOLE –

WHOLE [ hэul] IN - INN [in] KNEW - NEW [nju:] KNOT - NOT

[not] KNOW - NO [nэu] MADE - MAID [mèid] MENTAL –

MANTLE ['mæntl] MARSHALL – MARTIAL ['ma:∫l] MEET - MEAT

[mi:t] NAVAL – NAVEL ['nèivl] ONE - WON [w^n] OUR - HOUR

['auэ(r)] PEDAL – PEDDLE ['phèdl] PIECE - PEACE [phi:s] POLE –

POLL [phэul] POPULACE – POPULOUS ['phכpjulэs] PORE – POUR

[ phכ:(r)] PLANE - PLAIN[plèin] PRINCIPAL – PRINCIPLE ['prinsэpl]

RED - READ [rèd] RIGHT - WRITE [rait] ROAD - RODE [rэud] ROLE

- ROLL [rэul] SAIL - SALE [sèil]SCENE – SEEN [si:n] SEEM - SEAM

[si:m] SEES - SEIZE [si:z] STEAL - STEEL [sti:l] STATIONARY –

STATIONERY ['stèi∫nэri ] SO - SEW [sэu] SON- SUN [s^n] THERE'S –

THEIRS [ðèэz] THEIR - THERE [ðèэ(r)] THREW - THROUGH [θru:]

WAIST - WASTE [wèist] WAY - WEIGH [wèi ] WEAK - WEEK [wi:k]

WEIGHT - WAIT [wèit] WOOD - WOULD [wud]

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II.. CONTRACTIONS

I AM - I'M [aэm] YOU ARE - YOU'RE [juэ(r)] HE IS - HE'S [hi:z]

SHE IS - SHE'S [∫i:z] IT IS - IT'S [its] WE ARE - WE'RE [wiэ(r)]

THEY ARE - THEY'RE ['ðèiэ(r)] I WILL - I'LL [ail]YOU WILL -

YOU'LL [ju:l] THEY WILL - THEY'LL [ðèil] SHE WILL - SHE'LL [∫i:l]

WE WILL - WE'LL [wi:l] HE WILL - HE'LL [hi:l] I HAVE - I'VE [aiv]

YOU HAVE - YOU'VE [ju:v] HE HAS - HE'S [hi:z] SHE HAS - SHE'S

[∫i:z] THEY HAVE - THEY'VE [ðèiv] WE HAVE - WE'VE [wi:v] THAT

IS - THAT'S [ðèts] THERE IS - THERE'S [ðèэz] WHAT IS -

WHAT'S [wots]I WOULD - I'D [aid] I HAD - I'D [aid] WE HAD - WE'D

[wi:d] YOU HAD - YOU'D [ju:d] SHE WOULD - SHE'D [∫i:d] HE

WOULD - HE'D [hi:d] HE HAD - HE'D [hi:d] THEY WOULD - THEY'D

[ðèid] IS NOT - ISN'T ['iznt] ARE NOT - AREN'T [a:( r)nt] WAS NOT -

WASN'T ['wэznt] WERE NOT - WEREN'T [wэ:(r)nt] DO NOT - DON'T

[dэunt] DOES NOT - DOESN'T ['d^znt] DID NOT - DIDN'T ['didnt]

WILL NOT - WON'T [wэunt] HAVE NOT - HAVEN'T ['hævэnt] HAS

NOT - HASN'T ['hæznt] CANNOT - CAN'T[ khænt]

COULD NOT - COULDN'T ['kudnt] SHOULD NOT - SHOULDN'T

['∫udnt] MUST NOT - MUSTN'T ['m^snt]

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III. SILENT LETTERS

KNIFE [naïf] BUILD [bild] ANSWER['a:nsэ:(r)] KNEE [ni:] SCISSORS

['sisэ:(r)z] DOUBT [daut] HANDSOME ['hænsэm] CALF[ kha:f] GUARD

[ga:(r)d] HONEST ['^nэst] WRONG [rכŊ] CLIMB [klaim] KNEW [nyu:]

WRIST[rist] THUMB [θ^m] NEIGHBOR ['nèibэ:(r)] LISTEN[lisэn]

HONOR['^nэ:(r)] KNOCK [nכk] SWORD[sכ:(r)d] WALK [wכ:k]

WEDNESDAY ['wenzdèi] GUILTY [gilti] TALK [th k] KNEEL [ni:l]:כ

WHOLE [hэul] GUEST [gèst] SCENE [si:n] DUMB [d^m] AISLE

[ail] KNOW [nэu] HALF [hæf] GHOST [gэust] GUARANTY ['gærэnti:]

ISLAND ['ailэnd] CZAR [sa:(r)]

IV. STRONG & WEAK FORMS

Di bawah ini diberikan kata-kata yang umumnya dibunyikan dalam

bentuk kuat dan lemah dalam situasi tertentu. Bunyi dalam bentuk kuat

biasanya diucapkan apabila suatu kata diucapkan secara sendiri sendiri tidak

bergabung dengan kata lainnya, jika kita ingin menekankan kata tersebut

atau dibagian akhir dari suatu kalimat tanya. Sedangkan bentuk lemah

dilakukan misalnya dalam percakapan cepat. Bunyi hidup selalu

digabungkan dengan bunyi mati.

KUAT LEMAH

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[ æm ] AM [ эm]

[a:(r)] ARE [э (r)]

[khæn ] CAN [ kэn]

[khud ] COULD [ kэd]

[ wil ] WILL [ эl ]

[ wud ] WOULD [эd ]

[du: ] DO [ dэ ]

[ d^z ] DOES [ dэz ]

[hæd ] HAD [ hэd], [эd]

[hæz] HAS [hez],[z] [эz], [s]

[hæv] HAVE [hэv],[эv]

[iz] IS [z],[s]

[m^st] MUST [mэst]

[∫æl] SHALL [∫эl]

[w כz] WAS [wэz]

[wэ:(r)] WERE [wэ(r)]

[ æt ] AT [ эt ]

[f כ:(r)] FOR [ fэ: ]

[fr כm] FROM [frэm]

OF [эv] [vכ]

[ tu: ] TO [ tэ ]

[hi:] HE [i:]

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[hэ:(r)] HER [э:(r)]

[him] HIM [im]

[ðèm] THEM [ðэm]

[^s] US [эs] [s]

[ænd] AND [эnd /эn]

[ b^ t] BUT [ bэt ]

[ðæn ] THAN [ðэn]

[ ðæt ] THAT [ ðэt ]

[èi] A [э]

[æn] AN [эn]

[hiz] HIS [iz]

['auэ] OUR [a:(r)]

[s^m] SOME [sэm]

[ði:] THE [ðэ],[ði:]

[ sou] SO [ sэu ]

[ ju: ] YOU [ jэ ]

Contoh kalimat:

1. I want to talk to Tom tonight, Tim

Jangan mengatakan:

ai won tu tok tu tom tunait tim

tetapi katakanlah:

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ai w כn thэ th כk thэ th כm thэnait thim

2. Who are you looking for?

Jangan mengatakan:

hu: a:(r) yu: lukiŋ f כ:( r )?

tetapi katakanlah:

hu э yu: lukiŋ f כ:( r )?

3. You’ll end up in prison.

[yu:l end ^p in 'prizn ] Gabungkan bunyi d dengan ^ sehingga

berbunyi [d^p]

4. Send her in

[ sènd эr in] Gabungkan bunyi d dengan bunyi э dan bunyi r dengan

bunyi i sehingga seakan-akan berbunyi [sèndэrin]

=§§§§§=

REGULAR VERBS

KATA KERJA BERATURAN

INFINITIVE PAST TENSE PAST PRESENT ARTIPARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE

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to abate abated abated abating Menurunkan(harga)

[ э'bèit ] [ э'bèitid ] [ э'bèitid ] [ э'bèitiŋ ]

to abduct abducted abducted abducting melarikan(menculik)

[эb'd^ kt ] [эb'd^ ktid] [эb'd^ ktid] [эb'd^ ktiŋ]

to abhor abhorred abhorred abhorring benci akan

[эb'h כ::( r )] [эb'h כ:( r )d] [эb'h כ:( r )d] [эb' h כ:( r )iŋ]

to accept accepted accepted accepting menerima

[эk'sept ] [эk'septid [эk'septid] [эk'septiŋ ]

to adopt adopted adopted adopting mengangkat(anak)

[э'dכ pt ] [э'd כptid] [э'd כptid] [э'd כptiŋ ]

to affiliate affiliated affiliated affiliating memasukkan men-

[э'filièit] [э'filièitid] [э'filièitid] [э'filièitiŋ] jadi anggota

to agonize agonized agonized agonizing menderita(batin)

[ 'ægэnaiz ] [ 'ægэnaizd ] [ 'ægэnaizd ] [ 'ægэnaiziŋ ]

to aim aimed aimed aiming membidik

[ èim ] [ èimd ] [ èimd ] [ èimiŋ ]

to allocate allocated allocated allocating mengalokasikan

[ 'ælэukèit ] [ 'ælэukèitid ] [ 'ælэukèitid ] [ 'ælэukèitiŋ ]

to allow allowed allowed allowing mengizinkan

[э'lau ] [э'laud ] [э'laud ] [э'lauiŋ ]

to amaze amazed amazed amazing menakjubkan

[ э'mèiz ] [ э'mèizd ] [ э'mèizd ] [ э'mèiziŋ ]

to animate animated animated animating memberikan semangat

[ 'ænimèit ] [ 'ænimèitid] [ 'ænimèitid ] [ 'ænimèitiŋ]

to answer answered answered answering menjawab

[ 'ænsэ:(r ) ] [ 'ænsэ:(r )d] [ 'ænsэ:(r )d] [ 'ænsэ:(r )iŋ ]

to appear appeared appeared appearing memperlihatkan diri

[ э'piэ(r) ] [ э'piэ(r)d ] [ э'piэ(r)d ] [ э'piэriŋ ]

to argue argued argued arguing memperdebatkan

['a:(r )gyu:] ['a:(r )gyu:d] ['a:(r )gyu:d] ['a:(r )gyu:iŋ]

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to ask asked asked asking menayakan

[æsk ] [æskt] [æskt ] [æskiŋ ]

to assist assisted assisted assisting membantu

[э'sist ] [э'sistid ] [э'sistid ] [э'sistiŋ ]

to attend attended attended attending menghadiri

[э'tend ] [э'tendid ] [э'tendid ] [э'tendiŋ ]

to avert averted averted averting menentang

[э'vэ:( r )t] [э'vэ:( r )tid] [э'vэ:( r )tid] [э'vэ:( r )tiŋ]

to await awaited awaited awaiting menantikan

[ э'wèit ] [ э'wèitid ] [ э'wèitid ] [ э'wèitiŋ ]

to award awarded awarded awarding menghadiahkan

[ э'w כ:(r)d ] [э'w כ:(r)did ] [э'w כ:(r)did ] [э'w כ:(r)diŋ]

to bake baked baked baking memanggang kue

[bèik ] [bèikt ] [bèikt ] [bèikiŋ ]

to banish banished banished banishing mengucilkan

[ 'bæni∫] [ 'bæni∫t] [ 'bæni∫t] [ 'bæni∫iŋ]

to believe believed believed believing mempercayai

[bэ'li:v ] [bэ'li:vd ] [bэ'li:vd ] [bэ'li:viŋ ]

to bisect bisected bisected bisecting membagi dua

[bai'sekt ] [bai'sektid ] [bai'sektid ] [bai'sektiŋ ]

to blame blamed blamed blaming menyalahkan

[blèim ] [blèimd ] [blèimd ] [blèimiŋ ]

to brush brushed brushed brushing menggosok

[br ^ ∫ ] [br ^ ∫t ] [br ^ ∫t ] [br ^ ∫iŋ ]

to burn burned burned burning membakar

[ bэ:( r )n ] [ bэ:( r )nd ] [ bэ:( r )nd ] [ bэ:( r )niŋ ]

to call called called calling menyapa/menelpon

[ k כ:l ] [ k כ:ld ] [ k כ:ld ] [ k כ:liŋ ]

to carry carried carried carrying membawa

['kæri] ['kærid] ['kærid] ['kæriyiŋ]

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to celebrate celebrated celebrated celebrating merayakan

['selэbrit ] ['selэbritid ] ['selэbritid ] ['selэbritiŋ ]

to captivate captivated captivated captivating menangkap

['kæptivèit ] ['kæptivèitid ] ['kæptivèitid ] ['kæptivèitiŋ ]

to change changed changed changing merubah

[ t∫èinj] [ t∫èinjd] [ t∫èinjd] [ t∫èinjiŋ]

to charge charged charged charging men-cas aki

[ t∫a: (r )j ] [ t∫a: (r )jd ] [ t∫a: (r )jd ] [ t∫a: (r )jiŋ ]

to choke choked choked choking keselak

[ t∫эuk] [ t∫эukt] [ t∫эukt] [ t∫эukiŋ]

to claim claimed claimed claiming mengaku memiliki

[ klèim ] [ klèimd ] [ klèimd ] [ klèimiŋ ]

to climb climbed climbed climbing mendaki/memanjat

[ klaim ] [ klaimd ] [ klaimd ] [ klaimiŋ ]

to close closed closed closing menutup

[klэuz ] [klэuzd ] [klэuzd ] [klэuziŋ ]

to cogitate cogitated cogitated cogitating merenungkan

['kכd tèit ] ['k כd itèitid ] ['k כd itèitid ] [''k כd itèitiŋ ]

to command commanded commanded commanding memerintahkan

[kэ'mænd ] [kэ'mændid ] [kэ'mændid ] [kэ'mændiŋ ]

to compose composed composed composing mengarang

[ kэm'pэuz ] [ kэm'pэuzd ] [ kэm'pэuzd ] [ kэm'pэuziŋ ]

to concentrate concentrated concentrated concentrating berkonsentrasi

[ 'kכnsэntrèit ] [ 'kכnsэntrèitid ] [ 'kכnsэntrèitid ] [ 'kכnsэntrèitiŋ ]

to conform conformed conformed conforming menyesuaikan diri

[ kэn'fכ:(r )m ] [ kэn'fכ:(r )m d] [ kэn'fכ:(r )md ] [ kэn'fכ:(r )miŋ]

to cooperate cooperated cooperated cooperating bekerja-sama

[ kכ'эupэrèit ] [ kכ'эupэrèitid ] [ kכ'эupэrèitid ] [ kכ'эupэrèitiŋ ]

to create created created creating mencipta

[ kri:'èit ] [ kri:'èitid ] [ kri:'èitid ] [ kri:'èitiŋ ]

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to dance danced danced dancing menari

[ dæns ] [ dænst ] [ dænst ] [ dænsiŋ ]

to decorate decorated decorated decorating mendekorasi

[ 'dekэrèit ] [ 'dekэrèitid ] [ 'dekэrèitid ] [ 'dekэrèitiŋ ]

to devalue devalued devalued devaluing mendevaluasi

[.di:'vælju:] [.di:'vælju:d] [.di:'vælju:d] [.di:'vælju:iŋ]

to digest digested digested digesting mencerna

[ 'daid est] [ 'daid estid] [ 'daid estid] [ 'daid estiŋ]

to direct directed directed directing mengarahkan

[di'rekt] [di'rektid] [di'rektid] [di'rektiŋ]

to disburse disbursed disbursed disbursing membayar

[dis'bэ:( r )s] [dis'bэ:( r )st] [dis'bэ:( r )st] [dis'bэ:( r )siŋ]

to dominate dominated dominated dominating mendominasi

['dэuminèit] ['dэuminèitid] ['dэuminèitid] ['dэuminèitiŋ]

to drain drained drained draining menghabiskan

[drèin] [drèind] [drèind] [drèiniŋ]

to drop dropped dropped dropping mengantar

[drכp] [drכpt] [drכpt] [drכpiŋ]

to earn earned earned earning menghasilkan uang

[ э:( r )n] [ э:( r )nd] [ э:( r )nd] [ э:( r )niŋ]

to elaborate elaborated elaborated elaborating merinci

[i'læbэrèit] [i'læbэrèitid] [i'læbэrèitid] [i'læbэrèitiŋ]

to emancipate emancipated emancipated emancipating memerdekakan

[i'mænsipèit] [i'mænsipèitid] [i'mænsipèitid] [i'mænsipèitiŋ]

to endorse endorsed endorsed endorsing mengesahkan

[endכ:(r )s] [endכ:(r )st] [endכ:(r )st] [endכ:(r )siŋ]

to entice enticed enticed enticing menarik/mengajak

[in'tais] [in'taist] [in'taist] [in'taisiŋ]

to equate equated equated equating menyamakan

[i'kwèit] [i'kwèitid] [i'kwèitid] [i'kwèitiŋ]

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to erase erased erased erasing menghapus

[i'rèiz] [i'rèizd] [i'rèizd] [i'rèiziŋ]

to establish established established establishing mendirikan

[i'stæbli∫ ] [i'stæbli∫t ] [i'stæbli∫t ] [i'stæbli∫iŋ ]

to exercise exercised exercised exercising berlatih

['eksэsaiz] ['eksэsaizd] ['eksэsaizd] ['eksэsaiziŋ]

to embroider embroidered embroidered embroidering membordir

[im'brכidэ:r )] [im'brכidэ:rd )] [im'brכidэ:rd )] [im'brכidэ:riŋ )]

to explore explored explored exploring menjelajahi

[iks'plכ:(r )] [iks'plכ:(r)d] [iks'plכ:(r)d] [iks'plכ:riŋ]

to fasten fastened fastened fastening mengencangkan

['fa:sn] ['fa:snd] ['fa:snd] ['fa:sniŋ]

to fill filled filled filling mengisi

[fil] [fild] [fild] [filiŋ]

to follow followed followed following mengikuti

['f^lэu] ['f^lэud] ['f^lэud] ['f^lэuwiŋ]

to forecast forecasted forecasted forecasting meramal(cuaca)

['fכ:kæst] ['fכ:kæstid] ['fכ:kæstid] ['fכ:kæstiŋ]

to formulate formulated formulated formulating memformulasikan

['fכ:(r)myulèit] ['fכ:(r)myulèitid] ['fכ:(r )myulèitid] ['fכ:(r )myulèitiŋ]

to fix fixed fixed fixing memperbaiki

[fiks] [fikst] [fikst] [fiksiŋ]

to gain gained gained gaining memperoleh

[gèin] [gèind] [gèind] [gèiniŋ]

to gather gathered gathered gathering berkumpul

['gæðэ:(r )] ['gæðэ:(r )d] ['gæðэ:(r )d] ['gæðэ:riŋ]

to glance glanced glanced glancing melihat sepintas

[glæns] [glænst] [glænst] [glænsiŋ]

to generate generated generated generating membangkitkan

['jenэrèit] ['jenэrèitid] ['jenэrèitid] ['jenэrèitiŋ]

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to govern governed governed governing memerintah

['g^vэ( r)n] ['g^vэ( r)nd] ['g^vэ( r)nd] ['g^vэ( r)niŋ]

to graduate graduated graduated graduating lulus

['grædyuèit] ['grædyuèitid] ['grædyuèitid] ['grædyuèitiŋ]

to guess guessed guessed guessing mengira

[gès] [gèst] [gèst] [gèsiŋ]

to habituate habituated habituated habituating membiasakan

[hэ'bit∫uèit] [hэ'bit∫uèitid] [hэ'bit∫uèitid] [hэ'bit∫uèitiŋ]

to hale haled haled haling menghirup udara

[hèil] [hèild] [hèild] [hèiliŋ]

to hunt hunted hunted hunting berburu

[h^ nt] [h^ ntid] [h^ ntid] [h^ ntiŋ]

to help helped helped helping membantu

[hèlp] [hèlpt] [hèlpt] [hèlpiŋ]

to identify identified identified identifying mengenali

[ai'dentifai] [ai'dentifaid] [ai'dentifaid] [ai'dentifaiyiŋ]

to implore implored implored imploring memohon sekali

[im'plכ:(r)] [im'plכ:(r)d] [im'plכ:(r)d] [im'plכ:(r) iŋ]

to improve improved improved improving memperbaiki

[im'pru:v] [im'pru:vd] [im'pru:vd] [im'pru:viŋ]

to induce induced induced inducing membujuk org

[in'dyus] [in'dyust] [in'dyust] [in'dyusiŋ]

to initiate initiated initiated initiating memprakarsai

[i'ni∫ièit] [i'ni∫ièitid] [i'ni∫ièitid] [i'ni∫ièitiŋ]

to interview interviewed interviewed interviewing mewawancarai

['intэ(r)vyu:] ['intэ(r)vyu:d] ['intэ(r )vyu:d] ['intэ(r )vyuiŋ]

to irrigate irrigated irrigated irrigating mengairi

['irigèit] ['irigèitid] ['irigèitid] ['irigèitiŋ]

to join joined joined joining ikut serta

[d כin] [d כind] [d כind] [d כiniŋ]

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to joke joked joked joking bergurau

[d эuk] [d эukt] [d эukt] [d эukiŋ]

to jump jumped jumped jumping meloncat

[j^mp] [j^mpt] [j^mpt] [j^mpiŋ]

to kick kicked kicked kicking menendang

[khik] [khikt] [khikt] [khikiŋ]

to kill killed killed killing membunuh

[khil] [khild] [khild] [khiliŋ]

to knit knitted knitted knitting merajut

[nit] [nitid] [nitid] [nitiŋ]

to launch launched launched launching meluncurkan

[lכ:nt∫] [lכ:nt∫t] [lכ:nt∫t] [lכ:nt∫iŋ]

to lie lied lied lying berbohong

[lai] [laid] [laid] [laiyiŋ]

to link linked linked linking menghubungkan

[liŋk] [liŋkt] [liŋkt] [liŋkiŋ]

to live lived lived living tinggal/berdiam

[liv] [livd] [livd] [liviŋ]

to laugh laughed laughed laughing tertawa

[la:f] [la:ft] [la:ft] [la:fiŋ]

to listen listened listened listening mendengar

['lisn] ['lisnd] ['lisnd] ['lisniŋ]

to marry married married marrying menikahi

['meэri] ['meэrid] ['meэrid] ['meэriyiŋ]

to mix mixed mixed mixing mencampur

[miks] [mikst] [mikst] [miksiŋ]

to move moved moved moving memindahkan

[mu:v] [mu:vd] [mu:vd] [mu:viŋ]

to need needed needed needing memerlukan

[ni:d] [ni:did] [ni:did] [ni:diŋ]

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to negate negated negated negating meniadakan

[ni'gèit] [ni'gèitid] [ni'gèitid] [ni'gèitiŋ]

to neglect neglected neglected neglecting mengabaikan

[ni'glèkt] [ni'glèktid] [ni'glèktid] [ni'glèktiŋ]

to open opened opened opening membuka

['эupn] ['эupnd] ['эupnd] ['эupniŋ]

to offer offered offered offering menawarkan

[fэ:(r)iŋכ'] [fэ:(r)dכ'] [fэ:(r)dכ'] [fэ:(r)כ']

to operate operated operated operating mengoperasi

[pэrèitiŋכ'] [pэrèitidכ'] [pэrèitidכ'] [pэrèitכ']

to oppress oppressed oppressed oppressing menekan/menindas

[э'près] [э'prèst] [э'prèst] [э'prèsiŋ]

to observe observed observed observing mengamati

[эb'zэ:(r)v] [эb'zэ:(r)vd] [эb'zэ:(r)vd] [эb'zэ:(r)viŋ]

to obtain obtained obtained obtaining memperoleh

[ эb'tèin] [ эb'tèind] [ эb'tèind] [ эb'tèiniŋ]

to pack packed packed packing mengepak

[phæk] [phækt] [phækt] [phækiŋ]

to pass passed passed passing lulus/menyampaikan

[ phæs] [ phæst] [ phæst] [ phæsiŋ]

to play played played playing bermain

[plèi] [plèid] [plèid] [plèiyiŋ]

to plan planned planned planning merencanakan

[plæn] [plænd] [plænd] [plæniŋ]

to provoke provoked provoked provoking menghasut

[prэ'vэuk] [prэ'vэukt] [prэ'vэukt] [prэ'vэukiŋ]

to quarrel quarreled quarreled quarrelling bertengkar

['kwכ:rэl] ['kwכ:rэld] ['kwכ:rэld] ['kwכ:rэliŋ]

to reach reached reached reaching tiba/menggapai

[ri:t∫] [ri:t∫t] [ri:t∫t] [ri:t∫iŋ]

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to receive received received receiving menerima

[ri'si:v] [ri'si:vd] [ri'si:vd] [ri'si:viŋ]

to redeem redeemed redeemed redeeming menebus

[ri'di:m] [ri'di:md] [ri'di:md] [ri'di:miŋ]

to rehabilitate rehabilitated rehabilitated rehabilitating merehabilitir

[ri:hэ'bilitèit] [ri:hэ'bilitèitid] [ri:hэ'bilitèitid] [ri:hэ'bilitèitiŋ]

to reduce reduced reduced reducing mengurangi

[ri'd us] [ri'd ust] [ri'd ust] [ri'd usiŋ]

to rule ruled ruled ruling memutuskan

[ru:l] [ru:ld] [ru:ld] [ru:liŋ]

to sail sailed sailed sailing berlayar

[sèil] [sèild] [sèild] [sèiliŋ]

to scale scaled scaled scaling menimbang

[skèil] [skèild] [skèild] [skèiliŋ]

to search searched searched searching mencari

[sэ:(r)t∫] [sэ:(r)t∫t] [sэ:(r)t∫t] [sэ:(r)t∫iŋ]

to select selected selected selecting memilih

[sэ'lèkt] [sэ'lèktid] [sэ'lèktid] [sэ'lèktiŋ]

to shine shined shined shining bersinar

[∫ain] [∫aind] [∫aind] [∫ainiŋ]

to shout shouted shouted shouting berteriak

[∫aut] [∫autid] [∫autid] [∫autiŋ]

to smile smiled smiled smiling tersenyum

[smail] [smaild] [smaild] [smailiŋ]

to smoke smoked smoked smoking merokok

[smэuk] [smэukt] [smэukt] [smэukiŋ]

to study studied studied studying belajar

['st^di] ['st^did] ['st^did] ['st^diyiŋ]

to start started started starting memulai

[sta:(r)t] [sta:(r)tid] [sta:(r)tid] [sta:(r)tiŋ]

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to talk talked talked talking berbicara

[thכ:k] [thכ:kt] [thכ:kt] [thכ:kiŋ]

to tend tended tended tending cenderung

[tènd] [tèndid] [tèndid] [tèndiŋ]

to thrash thrashed thrashed thrashing mengirik gabah

[θræ∫] [θræ∫t] [θræ∫t] [θræ∫iŋ]

to tickle tickled tickled tickling menggelitik

[thikl] [thikld] [thikld] [thikliŋ]

to try tried tried trying mencoba

[trai] [traid] [traid] [traiyiŋ]

to tramp tramped tramped tramping mengembara

[træmp] [træmpt] [træmpt] [træmpiŋ]

to trample trampled trampled trampling menginjak-injak

['træmpl] ['træmpld] ['træmpld] ['træmpliŋ]

to transfer transferred transferred transferring memindahkan

[træns'fэ:(r)] [træns'fэ:(r)d] [træns'fэ:(r)d] [træns'fэ:(r)ŋ]

to trust trusted trusted trusting mempercayai

[tr^st] [tr^stid] [tr^stid] [tr^stŋ]

to turn turned turned turning berputar/mengelilingi

[tэ:(r)n] [tэ:(r)nd] [tэ:(r)nd] [tэ:(r)niŋ]

to uglify uglified uglified uglifying membuat menjadi

['^glifai] ['^glifaid] ['^glifaid] ['^glifaiyiŋ] jelek

to ululate ululated ululated ululating meraung

['ju:ljэlèit] ['ju:ljэlèitid] ['ju:ljэlèitid] ['ju:ljэlèitiŋ]

to unite united united uniting bersatu/menyatukan

[ju:'nait] [ju:'naitid] [ju:'naitid] [ju:'naitiŋ]

to use used used using menggunakan

[ju:z] [ju:zd] [ju:zd] [ju:ziŋ]

to utter uttered uttered uttering mengucapkan

['^tэ:(r)] ['^tэ:(r)d] ['^tэ:(r)d] ['^tэ:riŋ]

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to vacate vacated vacated vacating mengosongkan

[vè'ikèit] [vè'ikèitid] [vè'ikèitid] [vè'ikèitiŋ]

to vote voted voted voting memberikan suara

[vэut] [vэutid] [vэutid] [vэutiŋ]

to wait waited waited waiting menunggu

[wèit] [wèitid] [wèitid] [wèitiŋ]

to walk walked walked walking berjalan kaki

[wכ:k] [wכ:kt] [wכ:kt] [wכ:kiŋ]

to wander wandered wandered wandering mengembara

['wכndэ(r )] ['wכndэ(r)d] ['wכndэ(r)d] ['wכndэriŋ]

to want wanted wanted wanting menginginkan

[wכnt] [wכntid] [wכntid] [wכntiŋ]

to warn warned warned warning memperingatkan

[wכ:(r)n] [wכ:(r)nd] [wכ:(r)nd] [wכ:(r)niŋ]

to watch watched watched watching mengamati

[wכt∫] [wכt∫t] [wכt∫t] [wכt∫iŋ]

to whisk whisked whisked whisking berjalan cepat

[hwisk] [hwiskt] [hwiskt] [hwiskiŋ]

to work worked worked working bekerja

[wэ:(r)k] [wэ:(r)kt] [wэ:(r)kt] [wэ:(r)kiŋ]

to wreak wreaked wreaked wreaking melampiaskan

[ri:k] [ri:kt] [ri:kt] [ri:kiŋ]

to wreck wrecked wrecked wrecking merusak

[rèk] [rèkt] [rèkt] [rèkiŋ]

to xerox xeroxed xeroxed Xeroxing memfotokopi

['ziэrכks] ['ziэrכkst] ['ziэrכkst] ['ziэrכksiŋ]

to yearn yearned yearned yearning mendambakan

[jэ:(r)n] [jэ:(r)nd] [jэ:(r)nd] [jэ:(r)niŋ] merindukan

to yoke yoked yoked yoking memasang bajak

[jэuk] [jэukt] [jэukt] [jэukiŋ]

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=§§§§§=

IRREGULAR VERBS

KATA KERJA TAK-BERATURAN

INFINITIVE PAST TENSE PAST PRESENT ARTI

PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE

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to abide abode abode aboding berdiam,ada

[э'baid] [э'bэud] [э'bэud] [э'bэudiŋ]

to awake awoke awoke --- membangunkan

[э'wèik] [э'wэuk] [э'wэuk]

to be was been being -

[ bi:] [wэz] [bin] [bi:yiŋ]

to bear bore born bearing menderita

[ bèэ(r) ] [b כ:(r)] [b כ:(r)n] [bèэriŋ]

to beat beat beaten beating memukul

[ bi:t ] [bi:t] [bi:tэn] [bi:tiŋ]

to become became become becoming menjadi

[bi'k^m] [bi'kèim] [bi'k^m] [bi'k^miŋ]

to begin began begun beginning memulai

[bэgin] [bэgæn] [bэg^n] [bэginiŋ]

to bend bent bent bending membengkokkan

[ bènd] [ bènt] [ bènt] [ bèndiŋ]

to bite bit bitten biting menggigit

[ bait ] [ bit ] [ bitэn] [ baitiŋ]

to bind bound bound binding mengikat

[ baind] [ baund] [ baund] [ baindiŋ]

to blow blew blown blowing meniup

[blэu] [blu:] [blэun] [blэuiŋ]

to break broke broken breaking mematahkan

[brèik] [brэuk] ['brэukэn] ['brèikiŋ]

to breed bred bred breeding memelihara

[bri:d] [brèd] [brèd] [bri:diŋ]

to bring brought brought bringing membawa

[briŋ] [brכ:t] [brכ:t] [briŋiŋ]

to build built built building membangun

[bild] [bilt] [bilt] [bildiŋ]

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to burst burst burst bursting meletus/meledak

[bэ:(r)st] [bэ:(r)st] [bэ:(r)st] [bэ:(r)stiŋ]

to buy bought bought buying membeli

[bai] [bכ:t] [bכ:t] [baiyiŋ]

to burn burnt burnt burning membakar

[bэ:(r)n] [bэ:(r)nt] [bэ:(r)nt] [bэ:(r)niŋ]

to catch caught caught catching menangkap

[khæt∫] [kho:t ] [kho:t] [khæt∫iŋ]

to cast cast cast casting membuat

[khæst] [khæst] [khæst] [khæstiŋ]

to come came come coming datang

[kh ^m] [khèim] [kh^m] [kh^miŋ]

to choose chose chosen choosing memilih

[t∫u:z] [t∫эuz] [t∫эuzn] [t∫u:ziŋ]

to cost cost cost costing berharga

[kh כst] [kh כst] [kh כst] [kh כstiŋ]

to creep crept crept creeping merangkak

[kri:p] [krèpt] [krèpt] [kri:piŋ]

to cut cut cut cutting memotong

[kh ^t] [kh ^t] [kh ^t] [kh ^tiŋ]

to deal dealt dealt dealing menangani

[di:l] [dèlt] [dèlt ] [di:liŋ]

to dig dug dug digging menggali

[dig] [d^g] [d^g ] [digiŋ]

to draw drew drawn drawing menarik/perhatian)

[dr כ:] [dru:] [dr כ:n] [dr כ:wiŋ]

to dream dreamt dreamt dreaming bermimpi

[dri:m] [drèmt] [drèmt] [dri:miŋ]

to drink drank drunk drinking minum

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[driŋk] [dræŋk] [dr^ŋk] [driŋkiŋ]

to drive drove driven driving mengendarai

[draiv] [drэuv] ['drivn] [draiviŋ]

to dwell dwelt dwelt dwelling berdiam

[dwèl] [dwèlt] [dwèlt] [dwèliŋ]

to eat ate eaten eating makan

[i:t] [æt] [i:tn] [i:tiŋ]

to fall fell fallen falling jatuh

[f כ:l] [fèl] [f כ:lэn] [f כ:liŋ]

to feel felt felt feeling merasa

['fi:l] [fèlt] [fèlt] ['fi:liŋ]

to fight fought fought fighting berkelahi

[fait] [f כ:t] [f כ:t] ['faitiŋ]

to find found found founding menemukan

[faind] [faund] [faund] ['faindiŋ]

to flee fled fled fleeing melarikan diri

[fli:] [flèd] [flèd] ['fli:yiŋ]

to fly flew flown flying terbang

[flai] [flu:] [flэun] [flaiyiŋ]

to forget forgot forgoten forgetting lupa

[fэ'gèt] [fэ'g כt] [fэ'g^tn] [fэ'gètiŋ]

to forgive forgave forgiven forgiving memaafkan

[fэ'giv] [fэ'gèiv] [fэ'givn] [fэ'giviŋ]

to forsake forsook forsaken forsaking mengabaikan

[fэ'sèik] [fэ'suk] [fэ'sèikn] [fэ'sèikiŋ]

to freeze froze frozen freezing membeku

[ fri:z] [ frэuz] [ frэuzn] [ fri:ziŋ]

to get got got getting memperoleh

[ gèt ] [ g כt ] [ g כt ] [ gètiŋ ]

to go went gone going pergi

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[gэu] [wènt] [g כn] [gэuiŋ]

to give gave given giving memberi

[giv] [gèiv] [givn] [giviŋ]

to grow grew grown growing bertumbuh

[grэu] [gru:] [grэun] [grэuiŋ]

to hang hung hung hanging bergantung

[hæŋ] [h^ŋ] [h^ŋ] [hæŋiŋ]

to have had had having memiliki

[hæv] [hæd] [hæd] [hæviŋ]

to hear heard heard hearing mendengar

[hiэ(r)] [hэ:(r)d] [hэ:(r)d] [hiэriŋ]

to hide hid hidden hiding bersembunyi

[haid] [hid] [hidn] [haidiŋ]

to hit hit hit hitting memukul

[hit] [hit] [hit] [hitiŋ]

to hold held held holding mengadakan/memegang

[hэuld] [hèld] [hèld] [hэuldiŋ]

to hurt hurt hurt hurting menyakiti

[hэ:(r)t] [hэ:(r)t] [hэ:(r)t] [hэ:(r)tiŋ]

to keep kept kept keeping menyimpan

[khi:p] [khèpt] [khèpt] [khi:piŋ]

to kneel knelt knelt kneeling berlutut

[ni:l] [nèlt] [nèlt] [ni:liŋ]

to know knew known knowing mengetahui

[nэu] [nju] [nэun] [nэuwiŋ]

to knit knit knit knitting merajut

[nit] [nit] [nit] [nitiŋ]

to lay laid laid laying meletakkan

[lèi] [lèid] [lèid] [lèiyiŋ]

to lead led led leading memimpin

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[li:d] [lèd] [lèd] [li:diŋ]

to lean leant leant leaning bersandar

[li:n] [lènt] [lènt] [li:niŋ]

to leap leapt leapt leaping melompat

[li:p] [lèpt] [lèpt] [li:piŋ]

to learn learnt learnt learning belajar sesuatu

[lэ:(r)n] [lэ:(r)nt] [lэ:(r)nt] [lэ:(r)niŋ]

to leave left left leaving berangkat

[li:v] [lèft ] [lèft ] [li:viŋ]

to lend lent lent lending meminjamkan

[lènd] [lènt] [lènt] [lendiŋ]

to let let let letting menyewakan

[lèt] [lèt] [lèt] [lètiŋ]

to lie lay lain lying berbaring

[lai] [lèi] [lèin] [laiyiŋ]

to light lit lit lighting menyalakan

[lait] [lit] [lit] [laitiŋ]

to lose lost lost losing kehilangan

[lu:z] [l כst] [l כst] [lu:ziŋ]

to make made made making membuat

[mèik] [mèid] [mèid] [mèikiŋ]

to mean meant meant meaning bermaksud

[mi:n] [mènt] [mènt] [mi:niŋ]

to meet met met meeting bertemu/menjumpai

[mi:t] [mèt] [mèt] [mi:tiŋ]

to pay paid paid paying membayar

[phèi] [phèid] [phèid] [phèiyiŋ]

to put put put putting meletakkan

[put] [put] [put] [putiŋ]

to read read read reading membaca

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[ri:d] [rèd] [rèd ] [ri:diŋ]

to ring rang rung ringing membunyikan bel

[riŋ] [ræŋ] [r^ŋ] [riŋiŋ]

to rise rose risen rising bangun/terbit

[raiz] [rэuz] ['rizn] [raiziŋ]

to run ran run running berlari

[r^n] [ræn] [r^n] [r^niŋ]

to say said said saying berkata

[sèi] [sèd] [sèd] [sèiyiŋ]

to see saw seen seeing melihat

[si:] [so:] [si:n] [si:yiŋ]

to sell sold sold selling menjual

[sèl] [sэuld] [sэuld] [sèliŋ]

to send sent sent sending mengirim

[sènd] [sènt] [sènt] [sèndiŋ]

to set set set setting memasang

[sèt] [sèt] [sèt] [sètiŋ]

to seek sought sought seeking mencari/berusaha

[si:k] [so:t] [so:t] [si:kiŋ]

to shake shook shaken shaking bergoyang

[∫èik] [∫uk] ['∫èikэn] ['∫èikiŋ]

to shoot shot shot shooting menembak

[∫u:t] [∫ot] [∫ot] [∫u:tiŋ]

to show showed shown showing mempertujukkan

[∫эu] [∫эud] [∫эun] [∫эuwiŋ]

to steal stole stolen stealing mencuri

[sti:l] [stэul] ['stэulэn] [sti:liŋ]

to sing sang sung singing bernyanyi

[siŋ] [sæŋ] [s^ŋ] [s^ŋiŋ]

to sink sank sunk sinking tenggelam

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[siŋk] [sæŋk] [s^ŋk] [siŋkiŋ]

to sleep slept slept sleeping tidur

[sli:p] [slèpt] [slèpt] [sli:piŋ]

to smell smelt smelt smelling mencium/berbau

[smèl] [smèlt] [smèlt] [smèliŋ]

to sow sowed sown sowing menabur

[sэu] [sэud] [sэud] [sэuwiŋ]

to speak spoke spoken speaking berbicara

[spi:k] [spэu:k] ['spэukэn] [spi:kiŋ]

to spend spent spent spending membelanjakan

[spènd] [spènt] [spènt] [spèndiŋ]

to spoil spoilt spoilt spoiling merusak/memanjakan

[sp כil] [sp כilt] [sp כilt] [sp כiliŋ]

to spread spread spread spreading menyebarkan

[sprèd] [sprèd] [sprèd] [sprèdiŋ]

to spin spun spun spinning memintal/memutar

[spin] [sp^n] [sp^n] [spiniŋ]

to spring sprang sprung springing menerkam

[spriŋ] [spræŋ] [spr^ŋ] [spriŋiŋ]

to sew sewed sewn sewing menjahit

[sэu] [sэud] [sэun] [sэuwiŋ]

to stand stood stood standing berdiri

[stænd] [stud] [stud] ['stændiŋ]

to stick stuck stuck sticking menempel

[stik] [st^k] [st^k] [stikiŋ]

to strike struck striken striking memukul

[straik] [str^k] [strikэn] [straikiŋ]

to swear swore sworn swearing bersumpah

[swèэ(r)] [sw כ:(r)] [sw כ::(r)n] ['swèэriŋ]

to sweep swept swept sweeping menyapu

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[swi:p] [swèpt] [swèpt] [swi:piŋ]

to swim swam swum swimming berenang

[swim] [swæm] [sw^m] [swimiŋ]

to take took taken taking mengambil

[thèik] [thuk] ['thèikэn] ['thèikiŋ]

to teach taught taught teaching mengajar

[thi:t∫] [th כ:t] [th כ:t] ['thi:t∫iŋ ]

to tear tore torn tearing merobek

[thèэ] [thכ:(r)] [thכ:(r)n] [thèэriŋ]

to tell told told telling mengatakan

[thèl] [thэuld] [thэuld] [thèliŋ]

to think thought thought thinking memikir

[θiŋk] [θ כ:t] [θ כ:t] [θiŋkiŋ]

to throw threw thrown throwing melempar

[θrэu] [θru:] [θrэun] [θrэuwiŋ]

to tread trod trodden treading menempuh jalan

[trèd] [tr כd] ['tr כdn] [trèdiŋ]

to understand understood understood understanding mengerti

[,^nde'stænd] [,^nde'stud] [,^nde'stud] [,^nde'stændiŋ]

to wake woke woken waking bangun/jaga

[wèik] [wэuk] ['wэukэn] [wèikiŋ]

to wear wore worn wearing memakai

[wèэ] [w כ:(r)] [w כ:(r)n] [wèэriŋ]

to weep wept wept weeping menangis

[wi:p] [wèpt] [wèpt] [wi:piŋ]

to win won won winning memenangkan

[win] [w^n] [w^n] [winiŋ]

to wind wound wound winding memutar jam

[waind] [waund] [waund] [waindiŋ]

to write wrote written writing menulis

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[rait] [rэut] ['ritn] [raitiŋ]

=§§§§§=

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

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1. AS Hornby, Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current

English ., Oxford University Press, London, 1987

2. Daniel Jones, The Pronunciation of English, Cambridge University

Press, 1978, London, Great Britain, 1978

3. Daniel Jones, Everyman’s English Pronouncing Dictionary, J.M.Dent

& Sons Ltd., 1979, London, Great Britain.

4. M.Elizabeth Clarey and Robert J.Dixon, Pronunciation Exercises in

English, Regents Publishing Co, Inc.,1963, New York, USA.

=§§§§§=

RIWAYAT HIDUP

Dilahirkan di Batusangkar, Sumatera Barat 22 November 1947.Pendidikan:

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SR Nurali No.1 Pontianak 1962SMP Negeri III Pontianak 1965SMA Negeri I Pontianak 1968Sarjana Muda Bahasa Inggris Fakultas Keguruan Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak 1979

Sarjana S-1 Bhs.Inggris FKIP-Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak,1986

Pekerjaan:PT.KAYU PAPA ENTERPRISES, Pontianak, Joint Venture Indonesia-Italia, Sekretaris perusahaan dengan tugas utama menerjemahkan surat-surat/dokumen, 1970-1974.PT.ALCOA MINERALS OF INDONESIA Pontianak sebagai Radio Operator, 1975.SNOWY MOUNTAIN ENGINEERING CORPORATION Colombo Plan, Pemerintah Indonesia-Australia , Pontianak,sebagai Radio Operator, 1976.

Pengalaman Mengajar:SMEA Negeri I, Pontianak, guru bidang studi Bahasa Inggris,1979-1986FKIP Untan, Jurusan Bahasa Inggris, Asisten Dosen Luar Biasa, 1979-1986FKIP Untan, Program Studi Bahasa Inggris, 1987- 2003 (Asisten Ahli)ABA Pontianak, 1996 sampai saat ini Berbagai kursus bahasa Inggris di Pontianak sejak 1978Guru Privat English Conversation

Pengalaman lain:Penerjemah Bahasa Inggris-Indonesia- Indonesia-Inggris sejak 1992 . Penerjemah Resmi Tersumpah sejak April 2002.

MOTTO:

Death is a shadow that always follows the body59

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English Proverb (14th Century)

If the sea were inkFor the words of my Lord,the sea would be spent before the Words of myLord are spentQur’an, The Cave 18:109

Immature love says:”I love you because I need you.” Mature love says:I need you because I love you.”Erich Fromm (1980-1990), U.S psychologist.

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