Spectrum Spectrum Analyzer Analyzer Ray Mathes, Nirav Patel, Ray Mathes, Nirav Patel, Sagar Savant, Richard Sagar Savant, Richard Wunderlich Wunderlich Group 8, ECE4006D Group 8, ECE4006D Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia Institute of Technology School of Electrical and Computer Engineering School of Electrical and Computer Engineering
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Spectrum Spectrum AnalyzerAnalyzerRay Mathes, Nirav Patel, Ray Mathes, Nirav Patel,
Sagar Savant, Richard Sagar Savant, Richard WunderlichWunderlich
Group 8, ECE4006DGroup 8, ECE4006DGeorgia Institute of TechnologyGeorgia Institute of Technology
School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringSchool of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 2
Project OverviewProject OverviewA Spectrum Analyzer that synthesizes A Spectrum Analyzer that synthesizes
audio input from the computer and audio input from the computer and outputs it as a physical spectrum.outputs it as a physical spectrum.
Input: MP3, Wave-Input, MicrophoneInput: MP3, Wave-Input, Microphone Output: Water Jets representing Output: Water Jets representing
Tunable to frequency ranges to increase Tunable to frequency ranges to increase bin resolutionbin resolution
Real-Time ResponseReal-Time Response
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 3
Design LayoutDesign LayoutPumpArray
Computer
Audio
Winamp
FFT Plugin
UP2 Input
MAX7000Chip
PWMLogic
P15
P16
P1
P2
…
Paralell Port
PowerSupply
SwitchingCircuit
Altera Board
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 4
SoftwareSoftware WinampWinamp
Generates signal vector from MP3, Generates signal vector from MP3, Wav, etc.Wav, etc.
Creates a 256 bit amplitude stored Creates a 256 bit amplitude stored in an array according to frequency in an array according to frequency channel.channel.
Convert the amplitude into 3 bits Convert the amplitude into 3 bits by chopping off the lower 253 bits.by chopping off the lower 253 bits.
Divide up the frequencies into Divide up the frequencies into usable bins of 16 for each pump usable bins of 16 for each pump address, 4 Bits.address, 4 Bits.
Allow for variation of frequency Allow for variation of frequency rangerange
Use API Calls for the Parallel Port Use API Calls for the Parallel Port to send pump address and data to send pump address and data bits to the Altera board.bits to the Altera board.
Computer
Audio
Winamp
FFT Plugin
Paralell Port
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 6
HardwareHardware Want a visually variable amplitudeWant a visually variable amplitude
Varying speed of pump varies flow rateVarying speed of pump varies flow rate Flow rate determines height of water jetFlow rate determines height of water jet
SolutionSolution DC Motors vary speed with input voltageDC Motors vary speed with input voltage Easiest way to achieve this digitally is Easiest way to achieve this digitally is
through Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)through Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)
UP2 Input
MAX7000Chip
PWMLogic
Altera Board
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 7
Pulse Width ModulationPulse Width Modulation A PWM signal is a pulse train A PWM signal is a pulse train
with varying duty cycleswith varying duty cycles
If the frequency of If the frequency of the input voltage is the input voltage is too high, the motor too high, the motor cannot turn on and cannot turn on and off fast enough.off fast enough.By modifying the By modifying the duty cycle, PWM duty cycle, PWM reduces the voltage reduces the voltage to the pump.to the pump.
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 8
7 Bit Input7 Bit Input Want 8 steps of resolution in the heightWant 8 steps of resolution in the height
Sending 3 bits of amplitude data per pump:Sending 3 bits of amplitude data per pump:3*16 = 48 bits3*16 = 48 bits
Requires too large of a bus for parallel Requires too large of a bus for parallel interfaceinterface
Solved through AddressingSolved through Addressing Send 3 bits for amplitude and 4 bits address Send 3 bits for amplitude and 4 bits address
data (7 bits total). Requires 16 calls from data (7 bits total). Requires 16 calls from the Parallel Port to update every pumpthe Parallel Port to update every pump
Logic continues generating PWM on each Logic continues generating PWM on each output channel until updated again.output channel until updated again.
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 9
LogicLogic 16 channels of PWM generation logic16 channels of PWM generation logic Amplitude and address decoding logicAmplitude and address decoding logic
Would require a Would require a large quantity of large quantity of ICs and discrete ICs and discrete logic to logic to implement.implement.Solution: FPGASolution: FPGA
Darlington Transistor: Cascaded BJTs for current Darlington Transistor: Cascaded BJTs for current amplificationamplification
Diode: Assist motor to discharge stored currentDiode: Assist motor to discharge stored current Benefits: High current amplificationBenefits: High current amplification
SwitchingCircuit
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 13
Attwood V500 Water Attwood V500 Water PumpsPumps
CharacteristicsCharacteristics DC powered, low power DC powered, low power