PRESENTATION Thanks to my PG Trainee for the preparation of this presentation Dr. Babar Yasin PGR II Histopathology FMH
PRESENTATION
Thanks to my PG Trainee for the preparation of this presentation Dr. Babar Yasin PGR II Histopathology FMH
SPECIAL STAINS
Histopathology involves detailed
microscopic study of
diseased tissue after use of
special techniques for preparation of the specimen.
For us every specimen is a patient, which we have to make talk and tell about itself.
Routine (H&E) staining
Corner stone of tissue-based diagnosis.
Haematoxylin dye stains cell nuclei blue.
Eosin dye stains other structures pink or red.
This technique provides exceptional detail of tissue structure and the makeup of the cells.
Special stains use a variety of dyes and techniques to stain particular tissues, structures or pathogens to assist pathologists with tissue-based diagnosis.
MORPHOLOGIC DD OF HOMOGENOUS ACELLUAR GLOMERULAR MATERIAL:
STAIN HYALINOSIS
SCLEROSIS
AMYLOID FIBROSIS FIBRIN THROMBUS
H&E +++ +++ ++ ++ +++
PAS +++ +++ + ++ +
MS - +++ - + -
TRICHROME
RED/BLUE
BLUE BLUE BLUE DARK RED
CONGO RED
- - +++ - -
PAS (Periodic Acid-Schiff) Stains basement membrane (normal
and in tumors), glycogen, some mucins and mucopolysaccharides.
Kidney: recommended for routine evaluation of renal biopsies due to basement membrane staining; also useful to diagnose renal cell carcinoma.
PAS STAINING OF A NORMAL GLOMERULOUS.
PAS highlights basement
membranes of glomerular
capillaries and tubular epithelium.
Thin capillary
loops with endothelial
cells.
Normal size mesangium
.
Podocytes forming viseral
epithelium
Bowman space along
with Parietal
epithelial cells.
PAS STAINING IN MEMBRANOUS GN:
PAS STAINING IN FSGS
PAS STAINING IN NODULAR GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson Nodules highlight with PAS stain
PAS STAINING IN LIGHT CHAIN DISEASE DISEASE:
AMYLOIDOSIS:
MPGN: GLOBAL CRESENTS
THROMBOTIC MICROANGIOPATHY:
SILVER STAIN:
Special stain for detecting fungi. Stains Basement membranes. There are several silver stains,
including:1) Grocott's methenamine silver stain,
used widely as a screen for fungal organisms.
2) Jones' stain, a methenamine silver-Periodic acid-Schiff that stains for basement membrane.
SILVER STAINING IN MEMBRANOUS GN:
Highlights the membrane in black. The spikes of basement membrane are easily seen.
Black material completely surrounds the immune deposits forming rings.
SILVER STAINING IN MPGN:
Double contour or the “tram tracking” of the membranes because of reduplication.
SILVER STAINING IN DIABETIC GLOMERULOPATHY
CRESENT FPRMATION:
COLLASPING GLOMERULOPATHY
TRICHROME STAINING:
Trichrome is a three colour staining protocol used in histology.
The following staining is achieved:1) Nuclei - blue/black.2) Muscle, erythrocytes, cytoplasm –
red3) Connective tissue, in particular
collagen - blue/green.
TRICHROME STAINING IN FSGS:
Demonstrate blue collagen
deposition
TRICHROME STAINING IN MEMBRANOUS GN:
The immune deposits with a characteristic red color.
In stage 1, deposits are not
accompanied by
spikes.
In stage II, the
reaction in outer
GBM produces
spikes.
In stage III, the
GBM has complete
ly surround
ed the deposits.
Stage IV, GBM is
thickened.
Deposits are
disappearing
BRAIN STORMING
Arteriolar
Hyalinosis
Capsular
Drops
Micro-Aneuris
ms
TRICHROME STAINING IN AYMLOIDOSIS:
TUBULO-INTERSTITIAL DISEASE:
CONCLUSION: