Special Court verdict on Swamy's plea against Chidambaram

8/3/2019 Special Court verdict on Swamy's plea against Chidambaram

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BJ QCI FEY]Q EL E* W* VNBJB8 VWD* HYAOI$ FMB #71"

#=O Vwifq}yk Fnviv"$ JI_ AIDCB*

FF Je* 7>#N"%>>

A}* Vym}nknjbnj Vnkr \v* N* ]nhn , eqci}v

71*7=*=7>=

W}ivijq8 Fekwdnbjnjq A}* Vym}nknjbnj Vnkr bj wi}vej bqc Vc* Qn}yj

Oeekmi}$ K}v* #A}*" ]esjn Vnkr nja Vc* W* J* Knoe Na|efnqiv*

E]AI]8

Qcbv e}ai} vcndd abvwevi el wdin el qci fekwdnbjnjq le}

vykkejbjo Vc* W* Fcbanknmn}nk$ qci qcij Lbjnjfi Kbjbvqi}$ nv nj

nffyvia bj qcbv fnvi*

=* Qci fekwdnbjnjq fdnbkv qe mi n wymdbf vwb}bqia fbqbxij$ idd

|i}via bj na|njfia ifejekbfv$ lbjnjfi nja knqciknqbfv$ nja ci bv ndve

lnkbdbn} bqc qci fy}}ijq diond$ vefbnd nja wedbqbfnd wn}nabok* Ci

ly}qci} fdnbkv qcnq mibjo n dn nmbabjo fbqbxij$ ci mejnlbai midbi|iv

qcnq bq bv cbv ayqr qe viq bjqe keqbej qci diond w}efivv ciji|i}

bjvqnjfiv el o}n|i fe}}ywqbej bkwbjobjo ej jnqbejnd bjqi}ivqv feki qe

cbv nqqijqbej* Bq bv ly}qci} fdnbkia qcnq qci fekwdnbjnjq njqv qci

wyjbvckijq el qci ellijai} bj qci bjqi}ivq el qci vefbiqr$ mibjo eji

el qci emhifqv micbja qci wijnd vqnqyqiv le} qci dn}oi} oeea el qci

vefbiqr*

6* Bq bv nddioia qcnq nffyvia N* ]nhn nv Yjbej Kbjbvqi} el

Fekkyjbfnqbejv nja Bjle}knqbej Qifcjedeor #ci finvia qe mi mr nr el

cbv }ivbojnqbej l}ek qci wevq ej Je|ikmi} >1$ =7>7"$ nja eqci} `jej%

yj`jej nffyvia wi}vejv ce n}i% i}i bj|ed|ia bj qcbv dn}oi}

fejvwb}nfr cbfc nv n v`ydayooi}r qe qn`i }ejolyd onbj le}

qcikvid|iv nja qe ob|i qci }ejolyd devv qe qci jnqbej jeq ejdr bj

kejiqn}r qi}kv myq ndve qe wevi n qc}inq qe Bjabn/v jnqbejnd vify}bqr*

Qci nme|i vqnqia nffyvia wi}vejv bj fejjb|njfi bqc w}ivijqdr yjjnkia

eqci}v nja veki eqci} yj`jej wi}vejv abvcejivqdr nja l}nyaydijqdr

kbvnww}ew}bnqia qci jnqbej/v }ivey}fiv nja indqc qe qn`i qci }ejolyd

onbj le} qcikvid|iv nja qe ob|i qci }ejolyd devv qe qci jnqbej mrbddlyd kbvnddefnqbej el = O Vwifq}yk midejobjo qe qci jnqbej nja

ijq}yvqia qe nffyvia N* ]nhn$ cbfc nv yjai} cbv fejq}ed nv Kbjbvqi}

el Fekkyjbfnqbejv nja Bjle}knqbej Qifcjedeor #KFBQ"$ cijfi n wymdbf

vi}|njq$ mr fe}}ywq e} bddiond kinjv mr kbvyvbjo cbv wevbqbej$ nv n

wymdbf vi}|njq$ emqnbjia le} cbkvidl nja le} qci eqci} nffyvia wi}vejv

wifyjbn}r na|njqnoi* Ndd qci nffyvia wi}vejv n}i bj|ed|ia bj qcivi

vi}beyv nja o}n|i ellijfiv nja n}i dbnmdi qe mi q}bia nja wyjbvcia

yjai} qci |n}beyv w}e|bvbejv el Qci W}i|ijqbej el Fe}}ywqbej Nfq$ >233


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Ple} m}bil /WFN/[*

1* Bq bv ly}qci} nddioia qcnq qci aefykijqv bqc qci Wiqbqbeji}$ veki

el qcik bjfdyaia nja wymdbvcia bj cbv }ifijq mee` Fe}}ywqbej nja

Fe}we}nqi Oe|i}njfi bj Bjabn8 Vnqrnk$ Vwifq}yk nja Vyjan}nk #Cn} Njnja

Wymdbvci}v$ =772"$ nv idd nv qcevi n|nbdnmdi nv wymdbf aefykijqv l}ekqci FMB #Fijq}nd My}iny el Bj|ivqbonqbej"$ IA #Ijle}fikijq

Ab}ifqe}nqi"$ F\F #Fijq}nd \bobdnjfi Fekkbvvbeji}" nja FNO

#Fekwq}eddi} nja Nyabqe} Oiji}nd" nja l}ek ]QB #]bocq qe Bjle}knqbej"

nwwdbfnqbejv$ kn`i eyq n vq}ejo w}bkn lnfbi fnvi el fe}}ywqbej$ el

l}nya nja o}evv bddiondbqbiv fn}}bia eyq mr nffyvia Je* > N* ]nhn

Pndejobqc cbv fefejvwb}nqe}v[ nv wi} FNO ]iwe}q*

9* Bq bv ly}qci} nddioia qcnq 8 #n" nq ndd }idin|njq qbkiv bj

=77?=773$ nffyvia N* ]nhn nv Yjbej Kbjbvqi} el Fekkyjbfnqbejv nja

Bjle}knqbej Qifcjedeor* Ci finvia qe mi ve cij ci }ivbojia l}ek qci

wevq ej Jemikmi} >1$ =7>7$ nja cbfc nv bkkiabnqidr nffiwqia mr qciW}ivbaijq el Bjabn ej }ifekkijanqbej el qci W}bki Kbjbvqi}*

#m" Qcyv$ nq ndd }idi|njq qbkiv qbdd }ivbojnqbej$ nffyvia N* ]nhn nv

n wymdbf vi}|njq bqcbj qci kinjbjo el Vifqbej =#f" el qci W}i|ijqbej

el Fe}}ywqbej Nfq >233$ ke}i wn}qbfydn}dr Vifqbej =#f"#b" nja #|bbb"*

#f" Ej >1*>>*=7>7$ qci nffyvia finvia qe mi n Yjbej Kbjbvqi} nja

cijfi$ je ke}i ijqbqdia qe qci vnlioyn}a el Vnjfqbej yjai} Vifqbej >2

el qci WFN*

6#>"#f"$ #a" nja #i" el qci WFN* Bq n}bviv w}bkn}bdr l}ek

qci nn}abjo mr nffyvia N* ]nhn nja cbv fefejvwb}nqe}v$ el ji

Yjblbia Nffivv Vi}|bfi #YNV" Dbfijfiv #Dbfijfiv le} nddeqkijq el =O

Vwifq}yk"$ qe qe yj~yndblbia nja yjaivi}|bjo ]ind Ivqnqi Fekwnjbiv$

Vnj Qidifek #je }ijnkia Iqbvndnq AM" nja Yjbqifc _b}idivv #}ijnkia

nv Qidije} ewi}nqbjo nv Yjbje}"* Qcbv n}evi bj qci leddebjo knjji}8

#>" Qci Aiwn}qkijq el Qidifekkyjbfnqbejv PAeQ[$ bv n aiwn}qkijq el

qci Kbjbvq}r el Fekkyjbfnqbejv nja Bjle}knqbej Qifcjedeor$ Oe|i}jkijq

el Bjabn$ cbfc Kbjbvq}r nq qci }idi|njq qbki bj =77?=773$ nv cinaia

mr nffyvia N* ]nhn*

#=" Ej e} nmeyq =1*72*=77?$ cbdi bj|bqbjo nwwdbfnqbejv le} qcivi

dbfijfiv$ AeQ cna njjeyjfia qcnq vyfc nwwdbfnqbejv eyda jeq mi

fejvbai}ia nv i}i knai nlqi} qci fyqell anqi el 7>*>7*=77?*

#6" Qci jykmi} el dbfijfi n|nbdnmdi le} =O vwifq}yk #n vfn}fi nja

isq}ikidr |ndynmdi jnqbejnd }ivey}fi" nv >==$ vw}ina e|i} == vi}|bfi

n}inv$ fnddia fb}fdiv*


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#1" Mr qci fyqell anqi$ qci jykmi} el nwwdbfnqbejv }ifib|ia nv 9?9$

knai mr veki 1> fe}we}nqbejv* Qcyv$ bq nv jifivvn}r le} AeQ qe i|ed|i

nja isifyqi n lnb} w}efiay}i le} qci nddeqkijq el qcivi >== dbfijfiv

nkejo qci 9?9 nwwdbfnqbejv* Vyfc lnb} w}efiay}i kyvq jifivvn}bdr

w}ekeqi qci wymdbf bjqi}ivq*

#9" AeQ cna ndve qe aiqi}kbji nja njjeyjfi qci w}bfi nq cbfc qcivi

dbfijfiv eyda mi nddeqqia* In}dbi} bj =77>$ qci w}bfi w}i|nbdbjo cna

miij aiqi}kbjia mr nyfqbej*

# w}i|nbdbjo

w}bfiv eyda ijnmdi qci nddeqiiv qe knì bjalndd w}elbqv$ nq qci fevq

el qci wymdbf isfci~yi}8 qci wymdbf isfci~yi} eyda ejdr feddifq qci=77> w}bfi el vwifq}yk$ cbdi qci nddeqiiv eyda cn|i qci e}qc el

=773 kn}ìq w}bfi el vwifq}yk cbfc hyaoia mr emhifqb|iv vqnjan}av nv

vi|i}nd kydqbwdiv el qci =77> w}bfi*

#3" Ndd fejfi}jia nyqce}bqbiv8 qci Dn Kbjbvq}r$ qci Lbjnjfi

Vif}iqn}r$ qci Vif}iqn}r el qci Kbjbvq}r el Qidifekkyjbfnqbejv$ qci

Kikmi} #Lbjnjfi" el AeQ$ nja lbjnddr ej 7=*>>*=77?$ i|ij qci W}bki

Kbjbvqi}$ cna isw}ivvia qcib} |biv qe nffyvia N* ]nhn$

}ifekkijabjo%ab}ifqbjo fejvbai}nqbej el8

#b" nyfqbej el dbfijfiv ci}i|i} dionddr nja qifcjbfnddr linvbmdi0

#bb" ywn}a }i|bvbej el ijq}r lii$ w}ivijqdr mijfckn}ìa nq =77> w}bfiv*

#2" Qci Dn Kbjbvqi}$ ej mibjo nwwdbia qe le} cbv na|bfi cna ab}ifqia

qcnq bj |bi el qci bkwe}qnjfi el qci fnvi nja |n}beyv ewqbejv

bjabfnqia bj qci vqnqikijq el qci fnvi$ qci cedi bvvyi kyvq mi lb}vq

fejvbai}ia mr nj ikwei}ia O}eyw el Kbjbvqi}v*

#>7" Mr |b}qyi el qci knjanqe}r Q}njvnfqbej el Myvbjivv ]ydiv$ bq nv

bkwi}nqb|i le} qci Lb}vq Nffyvia qe }ili} qci knqqi} qe qci Fnmbjiq

le} n aifbvbej*

#>>" Nv qci Cej/mdi Vyw}iki Fey}q emvi}|ia cbdi cin}bjo qcbv knqqi}$

qcnq nffyvia N* ]nhn i|ij abv}ion}aia qci }bqqij na|bfi el qci W}bki

Kbjbvqi} bj nj bjqikwi}nqi dnjoynoi*

?* Bq bv ly}qci} nddioia qcnq le} je fej|bjfbjo }invej nq ndd$

nffyvia N* ]nhn boje}ia% abvemiria ndd qci ab}ifqbejv% na|bfi viq eyq

bj qci w}i|beyv wn}no}nwc vymwn}nv #3" nja #2"*


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3* Bq bv ly}qci} nddioia qcnq meqc wi}vejnddr nja qc}eyoc ab}ifqbejv

qe cbv vyme}abjnqiv bj AeQ$ nffyvia N* ]nhn knjnoia qe oiq AeQ qe

nddeq qci nle}ivnba veyocq dbfijfiv nja qci vymvi~yijq nddeqkijq

qci}iej el Vwifq}yk$ ej n l}nyaydijqdr fejq}b|ia mnvbv el

-lb}vqfekilb}vqvi}|ia- nq =77> w}bfiv*

2* Bq bv ly}qci} nddioia qcnq qci knjeyi|}iv viq eyq nme|i$ n}i knaioeea l}ek qci aefykijqv n|nbdnmdi bqc qci Fekwdnbjnjq$ cbfc n}i

fewbiv el aefykijqv$ qci e}bobjndv el cbfc n}i bqc |n}beyv

Oe|i}jkijq noijfbiv vyfc nv l}ek qci ellbfiv el qci F\F #Fcbil

\bobdnjfi Fekkbvvbeji}"$ qci FNO #Fekwq}eddi} nja Nyabqe} Oiji}nd"$

qci FMB #Fijq}nd My}iny el Bj|ivqbonqbej"$ qci IA #Ijle}fikijq

Ab}ifqe}nqi" nja qci ]iobvq}n} el Fekwnjbiv nq Aidcb$ Kykmnb nja

Fcijjnb*

>7* Bq bv ly}qci} nddioia qcnq n vq}ejo w}bkn lnfbi fnvi le} cnq bv

viq iki}oiv l}ek qci Wi}le}knjfi Nyabq ]iwe}q ej qci Bvvyi el Dbfijfiv

nja Nddefnqbej el =O Vwifq}yk mr qci Aiwn}qkijq el Qidifekkyjbfnqbejv$

Kbjbvq}r el Fekkyjbfnqbejv nja Bjle}knqbej Qifcjedeor$ n ]iwe}q el qciFekwq}eddi} nja Nyabqe} Oiji}nd el Bjabn$ w}iwn}ia bj =7>7$ vymkbqqia

qe qci W}ivbaijq el Bjabn nja wdnfia ej qci Qnmdi el meqc Ceyviv el

Wn}dbnkijq ej >>*=7>7* Ci}ibjnlqi}$ qcbv }iwe}q bv }ili}}ia qe le}

m}i|bqr nv qci FNO ]iwe}q*

>>* Bq bv ly}qci} nddioia qcnq qci -lb}vqfekilb}vqvi}|ia- mnvbv

#ci}ibjnlqi} }ili}}ia qe nv LFLV" el qci nddeqkijq nv jeq }ifekkijaia

bj qci bjvqnjq lnfqv nja fb}fykvqnjfiv$ mr njr }ioydnqe}r mear el qci

Qidifek bjayvq}r$ nja$ bj lnfq$ qci |ndbabqr el vyfc n mnvbv cnv miij

}ihifqia mr n hyaokijq el qci Aidcb Cboc Fey}q bj >226 P#>226" BBB NA

Aidcb >7>6[*

>=* Bq bv ly}qci} nddioia qcnq bj cbv fnwnfbqr nv Kbjbvqi} el

Fekkyjbfnqbejv nja Bjle}knqbej Qifcjedeor$ nffyvia N* ]nhn wi}vejnddr

bjqi}|ijia nja bjvbvqia #bj ailbjnfi el qci }ifekkijanqbejv%

ab}ifqbejv el qci lyjfqbejn}biv ijyki}nqia bj wn}n 1 #3"" qcnq qci

LFLV nv naewqia nv qci mnvbv le} nddefnqbej el dbkbqia nja vfn}fi =O

Vwifq}yk*

>6* Bq bv ly}qci} nddioia qcnq qcbv mnvbv bqvidl nv ly}qci} }booia

mr nffyvia N* ]nhn nja cbv fefejvwb}nqe}v8 bq nv bjqi}w}iqia qe kinj

qcnq ndd nwwdbfnjqv eyda mi fejvbai}ia jeq bj qci fc}ejedeobfnd e}ai}

el qcib} anqi el nwwdbfnqbej$ myq bj qci e}ai} bj cbfc qcir lydlbddiandd qci }i~yb}ikijqv fejqnbjia bj qcib} diqqi}v el Nddeqkijq*

>1* Bq bv ly}qci} nddioia qcnq nffyvia N* ]nhn ln|ey}ia qe

fekwnjbiv$ Vnj Qidifek W|q* Dqa*$ nja Yjbqifc _b}idivv Dqa*$ cbfc

jeq ejdr cna je iswi}bijfi bj qci lbida$ myq i}i nfqynddr bjidbobmdi

qe nwwdr$ i*o* qcir i}i jeq i|ij }iobvqi}ia$ #nv }i~yb}ia mr qci

}ydiv"$ nv Qidifek fekwnjbiv nq qci qbki el nddeqkijq el qci vfn}fi =O

Vwifq}yk0 nja qcib} nfqynd vcn}icedabjo ndve knai qcik bjidbobmdi qe


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nwwdr* Qci aiqnbdv el qcbv knjeyi|}i n}i viq eyq bj aiqnbd bj qci FNO

]iwe}q$ cbfc w}bkn lnfbi vymvqnjqbnqiv qcivi aiqnbdv*

>9* Bq bv ly}qci} nddioia qcnq qci FNO ]iwe}q cnv ndve leyja qcnq je

qijai} nv bj|bqia e} wymdbf nyfqbej nv knai je} n w}ewi} wymdbf

jeqblbfnqbej nv bvvyia bj qcbv }ivwifq*

>77%=77?NV*B anqia

7=*>>*=77? qe qci W}bki Kbjbvqi}$ nffyvia N* ]nhn i|ij }ihifqia qci

ab}ifqbej el qci Dn Kbjbvqi} qcnq bj |bi el qci bkwe}qnjfi el qci

fnvi nja |n}beyv ewqbejv bjabfnqia bj qci Vqnqikijq el qci fnvi$ qci

cedi bvvyi kyvq mi lb}vq fejvbai}ia mr nj ikwei}ia O}eyw el

Kbjbvqi}v*

>?* Bq bv ly}qci} nddioia qcnq yjai} qci Q}njvnfqbej el Myvbjivv

]ydiv el Oe|i}jkijq #]ydi ?"$ bq nv }i~yb}ia qcnq cij qe Kbjbvqi}v

abvno}ii ej n wedbfr ~yivqbej$ qci knqqi} mi }ili}}ia mr qci

bjbqbnqbjo Kbjbvqi} #bj qcbv fnvi nffyvia N* ]nhn" qe qci Fnmbjiq le}

n aifbvbej* Qcbv nffyvia N* ]nhn aba jeq ae*

>3* Bq bv ly}qci} nddioia qcnq bjvqina mr cbv A*E Je*

=*=77?$ qci W}bki Kbjbvqi} cnavyooivqia nj nyfqbej el qci =O Vwifq}yk nja jeq bqv nddeqkijq ej n

LFLV mnvbv$ nq qci w}bfi w}i|nbdbjo le} >O vwifq}yk bj =77> #cij qci

kembdi fidd wceji yvynoi nv bj bqv bjlnjfr"*

=>* Bq bv ly}qci} nddioia qcnq qci ijqb}i iwbveai el nddeqkijq el

dbfijfiv nv fejayfqia bqc vymqi}lyoi nja bj n cy}}r$ cij je vyfc

y}oijfr fnj mi viij mr njr wi}vej el w}yaijfi nja bjqio}bqr* Ndd qcivi

v`ydayooi}r n}i aefykijqia bj qci FNO ]iwe}q*


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7/34

bjo}iabijqv el Vifqbej >6 #>" #a" el qci WFN qcnq8

#b" Nffyvia N* ]nhn cbdi cedabjo ellbfi nv n wymdbf vi}|njq

#bb" emqnbjia le} veki eqci} wi}vej% fej|i}qia le} qci yvi el njr eqci} wi}vej

#bbb" |ndynmdi qcbjo% wifyjbn}r na|njqnoi$ qci nle}ivnba dbfijfiv#vwifq}yk w}ewi}qr"$

#b|" ijq}yvqia qe cbk% yjai} cbv fejq}ed nv n wymdbf vi}|njq

#|" nja ci aba ve abvcejivqdr% l}nyaydijqdr nja bqceyq njr wymdbf bjqi}ivq*

=3* Bq bv ly}qci} nddioia qcnq bqcbj n li kejqcv el qci nddeqkijq

el =O Vwifq}yk dbfijfiv qe qcik$ qcivi qe ln|ey}ia fekwnjbiv$ Vnj

Qidifek #W" Dbkbqia nja Yjbqifc _b}idivv Dbkbqia veda qcib}

fejq}eddbjo vcn}iv$ nq nmeyq vi|ij qe ibocq qbkiv cnq qcir cna wnba

qe qci Oe|i}jkijq nv liiv le} nddeqkijq el meqc dbfijfi nja =OVwifq}yk* Ej qcbv mnvbv$ bq bv wevvbmdi qe oiq n kinvy}i el qci devv

bj }i|ijyi qcnq qci wymdbf isfci~yi} bjfy}}ia mr naewqbjo qci LFLV

mnvbv nja wioobjo qci ijq}r liiv nq =77> w}bfiv*

=2* Bq bv ly}qci} nddioia qcnq n qce}eyoc qifcjbfnd njndrvbv aeji mr

A}* ]ecbq W}nvna nja wymdbvcia nv //\ndyi el = O Vwifq}yk bj Bjabn//

bj Ifejekbf nja Wedbqbfnd _ii`dr Hnjyn}r =6$ =7>7$ |ed* SD\$ Je* 1$

}i|indv qcnq qci kn}`iq w}bfi el vwifq}yk fndfydnqia ej baidr |n}rbjo

nvvykwqbejv vbojblbfnjqdr isfiiav qci ywl}ejq liiv fcn}oia l}ek qci

ewi}nqe}v$ ivwifbnddr Vnj Qidifek #W" Dbkbqia$ nja Yjbqifc _b}idivv

Dbkbqia* Qci FNO$ cei|i}$ yvbjo ablli}ijq qifcjb~yiv cnv ivqbknqia

w}ivykwqb|i devv el ]v* >17$777+ f}e}iv$ qci /+/ bjfdyabjo qci FAKN

fej|i}vbej iqf* Qci qeqnd w}ivykwqb|i devv bv wdnfia nq ]v* >*?* Bq bv ly}qci} nddioia qcnq }inabjo qci Isifyqb|i Vykkn}r$ qci

FNO$ n Fejvqbqyqbejnddr ikwei}ia mear$ cnv leyja w}bkn lnfbi qcnqnffyvia wi}vejnddr oeq bvvyia qci Diqqi}v el Bjqijq qe 39 nwwdbfnjqv

ce i}i jeq ~yndblbia nja i}i jeqidbobmdi qe }ifib|i qcivi dbfijfiv

bj qci lb}vq wdnfi nja qcnq qcbv fnyvia n qeqnd jnqbejnd devv el ]v*

>$?


8/34

nle}ivnba vndiv8

#n" Vnj Qidifek #W" Dbkbqia nv in}dbi} ejia mr qci fe}we}nqi ceyvi

nja vymvbabn}biv el K}* Njbd Nkmnjb nja nv `jej nv Vnj Fnwbqnd #W"

Dbkbqia$ bjfe}we}nqia ej Knr 6$ =776$ =77?$ bq fcnjoia bqv jnki qe Vnj Qidifek #W"Dbkbqia*

#m" Bj Efqemi} =77?$ nlqi} K}* N* ]nhn nv Kbjbvqi} el Fekkyjbfnqbejv

nja Bjle}knqbej Qifcjedeor njjeyjfia qci Aynd wedbfr ijnmdbjo

fej|i}vbej el FAKN qe OVK$ Njbd Nkmnjb veda cbv fejq}eddbjo vcn}iv qe

qe Kncn}nvcq}n mnvia }ind ivqnqi ewi}nqe}v$ |bx*$ K}* Vcncba Mndn

#Knjnobjo Ab}ifqe}" nja \bjea @ykn} Oeij`n #Ab}ifqe}"$ ce cna qn`ij

e|i} qci fcn}oi el qci fekwnjr$ myq cbfc nv mnf` anqia qe mi

bjfe}we}nqia bj Hydr =77?*

#f" Vbjfi nq qci qbki el qci nwwdbfnqbej le} dbfijfi mr Vnj Qidifek

#W" Dbkbqia$ qcbv Fe}we}nqi Ceyvi cna nj bjqi}ivq el ke}i qcnj >7) bjVnj Qidifek #W" Dbkbqia$ qcbv knai Vnj Qidifek #W" Dbkbqia$

bjidbobmdi qe nwwdr nq ndd le} qci dbfijfi0 riq bq aba ve nwwdr* Bj

Efqemi} =77?$ Njbd Nkmnjb ejia vymvbabn}r el ]idbnjfi Fekkyjbfnqbejv

~ybq Vnj Qidifek #W" Dbkbqia$ nlqi} qci AeQ njjeyjfia n ji qidifek

wedbfr qe wi}kbq FAKN qe f}evv e|i} qe OVK*

#a" Bj Hnjyn}r qe Kn}fc =773$ Vnj Qidifek #W" Dbkbqia$ bqc qci

fejjb|njfi el nffyvia$ mnooia nj nddeqkijq el dbfijfiv bj >6 fb}fdiv

e}qc ]v* >96? f}e}iv**

#i" _bqcbj ii`v el qci nddeqkijq$ qci ji eji}v el Vnj Qidifek #W"

Dbkbqia*$ //veda// n 19) vqn`i bj qci fekwnjr qe Iqbvndnq #n YNI obnjq

fe}we}nqbej bqc Wn`bvqnj Qidifek nja Fekkyjbfnqbej Dqa*WQFD vcn}i

cedabjo" le} nww}esbknqidr ]v* 1$977% f}e}i* Qci //vndi// nv

abvoybvia bj qci le}k el n ki}oi} el Vnj Qidifek #W" Dbkbqia nja

Iqbvndnq* In}dbi} vyfc ki}oi}v i}i jeq wi}kbqqia qe nddeqqiiv0 myq

mr cbv Ellbfi Jeqi$ nffyvia wi}vejnddr ndqi}ia qcbv }i~yb}ikijq qe

ijnmdi ki}oi} qe mi wi}kbqqia bl aydr nwwdbia le}*

#l" Ej Aifikmi} >?$ =773$ qci je kyfc iswnjaia Vnj Qidifek #W"

Dbkbqia nddeqqia ]v* 637 f}e}i e}qc el vcn}iv qe qci Fcijjnb mnvia

Oijis Isbk \ijqy}iv$ n fekwnjr ldenqia ejdr hyvq ley} kejqcv mile}i

qci aind$ bqc n kinoi} fnwbqnd el ]v* Eji Dn`c* Qci}i bv je }ife}ael Oijis kn`bjo njr wnrkijq le} qci vcn}i nf~ybvbqbej*

#o" Nffe}abjo qe qci aefykijqv n|nbdnmdi bqc qci ]iobvq}n} el

Fekwnjbiv$ Fcijjnb$ Oijis Isbk \ijqy}iv nv bjfe}we}nqia ej Viwqikmi}

>?$ =773 bqc qe ab}ifqe}v K}* Kecnkkia Cnvvnj #93" nja K}* Ncnkia

Vcn`b} #1>" ce fnki l}ek @bdy`n}nb$ n vkndd fenvqnd |bddnoi bj

]nknjnqcnwy}nk abvq}bfq bj Qnkbd Jnay* Nckia Vria Vndncyaabj #6=" ce

}iw}ivijqia qci fekwnjr ej qci men}a el Vnj Qidifek #W" Dbkbqia ndve


9/34

fnki l}ek qci vnki |bddnoi*

#c" Qci}i bv ke}i bjabfnqbej el n Qnkbd Jnay dbj` ivwifbnddr cij qci

fe}we}nqi |ibd bv wbi}fia$ nja cbfc ydqbknqidr dinav qe qci lnkbdr

kikmi}v el qci AK@ W}ivbaijq K}* @n}yjnjbacb* K}* Nckia Vria

Vndncyaabj$ }iw}ivijqia qci fekwnjr ej qci men}a el Iqbvndnq AM$ qci

ji jnki el Vnj$ nja jeq qci Oijis Ab}ifqe}v* Nckia bv qci reyjoi}vej el K}* Vria Kecnkkia Vndncyaabj$ nj J]B myvbjivvknj ce cinav qci

Aymnbmnvia }ind ivqnqi fejodeki}nqi IQN Nvfej Vqn} O}eyw*

#b" Qci idai} Vndncyaabj lboy}iv bj n }nf`iq qe ail}nya wymdbf lyjav

qcnq nv bj~yb}ia bjqe mr Hyvqbfi Vn}`n}bn Fekkbvvbej bj >2?6$ =773$ nv dbqi}nddr vbdijq cij bq fekiv qe

kejir* Nffe}abjo qe qci KeY$ Vnj Qidifek feyda yvi vwifq}yk$

fekkyjbfnqbej qei}v nja qci ijqb}i jiqe}` el MVJD l}ii el fevq*

#BB" Qceyoc qci MVJD knjnoikijq vyooivqia fcn}objo 9= wnbvi wi}

fndd$ qcbv fdnyvi nv krvqi}beyvdr nmvijq bj qci KeY* MVJD nv le}fia

qe vboj qcbv aind hyvq >7 anrv mile}i qci vndi el Vnj/v vcn}iv qe


10/34

Iqbvndnq* Bq bv jeq fdin} cr nj nkeyjq nv jeq vwifblbia bj qci KeY

nja bj qci nmvijfi el n fejvbai}nqbej cnq bv qci wevbqbej el qci

No}iikijq ijqi}ia bjqe miqiij qci Fekwnjr nja MVJD* Qci n}}njoikijq

cidwia vidd Vnj/v felli}v bqceyq qci fekwnjr bj|ivqbjo n vbjodi

}ywii*

#BBB" MVJD Fcnb}knj nja Knjnobjo Ab}ifqe}$ K}* @ydaiiw Oerndveyocq qe ~yidd qci q}eymdi mr febjbjo n ji e}a le} qci no}iikijq

miqiij Vnj nja MVJD nv //Dbkbqia KeY//$ cbdi qcir cn|i ji|i}

ijqi}ia bjqe nj no}iikijq bj }ivwifq el //bjq}nfb}fdi }enkbjo aind//*

Qci |i}r aivf}bwqbej el //Dbkbqia KeY/ bqvidl bv lbvcr nja fejlyvbjo*

#j" Bq nv ndve bj //Qci Wbejii}// jivwnwi} qcnq Vnj Qidifek #W"

Dbkbqia cna wdnjjia qe bj|ivq ej n abfqnqia w}bfi el ]v* >$777 f}e}i

#b*i* 12) vqnì" bj O}iij Ceyvi W}ekeqi}v$ bj cbfc qci lnkbdr kikmi}v

el qci nffyvia cn|i n fejq}eddbjo vqnì* Cei|i}$ qcir cn|i cna qe

vcid|i bq vbjfi qci vfnk fejq}e|i}vr m}eì eyq*

#e" Nlqi} qci nffyvia mifnki n Yjbej Kbjbvqi} el Ij|b}ejkijq njaLe}ivqv bj =771$ knjr el cbv fdevi }idnqb|iv ldenqia }ind ivqnqi

fekwnjbiv$ O}iij Ceyvi W}ekeqi}v$ I~ynvv Ivqnqiv nja @e|nb Vcidqi}v

W}ekeqi}v ndd el cbfc cn|i m}eqci}v$ jiwciv nja jbifiv el nffyvia nv

ab}ifqe}v ej qcib} men}av* Bq bv qe mi jeqia qcnq vyfc }ind ivqnqi

fekwnjbiv }i~yb}i fdin}njfi l}ek qci Ij|b}ejkijq Kbjbvq}r le} qcib}

}ind ivqnqi w}ehifqv*

#w" K}v* K* N* Wn}nkivn}b$ bli el nffyvia$ hebjia nv ab}ifqe} el

qci fekwnjr O}iij Ceyvi W}ekeqi}v nlqi} qc}ii rin}v el bqv

bjfe}we}nqbej b*i*$ bj Lim}yn}r$ =77?* Qci Kbjbvqi} cnv jeq abvfdevia

qcbv lnfq qe qci W}bki Kbjbvqi} je} abvfdevia qci vey}fi el bjfeki nja

nvviq nddefnqbej nja qci}imr cnv fekkbqqia n m}infc el Fejayfq ]ydiv*

#~" K}v* K* N* Wn}nkivn}b$ qci nle}ivnba bli el nffyvia$ }ivbojia

l}ek qci Men}a el O}iij Ceyvi W}ekeqi}v ej Lim}yn}r$ =773$ nv wn}q el

n anknoi fejq}ed w}efivv ij|bvnoia mr qci nffyvia* Cei|i}$ K}v*

Wn}nkivn}b feyda jeq q}njvli} ci} cedabjo% vqnì l}ek qci fekwnjr ej

qci vnba anqi el }ivbojnqbej$ ob|bjo }eek le} bj|ivqbonqe}v qe vce

iswdbfbq |bednqbej el qci vi}|bfi }ydiv* Ej n dnqi} anr$ qci vnba

vcn}iv i}i q}njvli}}ia qe qci jiwci el nffyvia N* ]nhn$ ce bv ndve

n Oe|i}jkijq Wdinai} bj Qnkbd Jnay*

#}" Mivbaiv nkeyjqv aiwevbqia qci}ibj l}ek |n}beyv vey}fiv bj Bjabn$qci nffeyjq bj Fnjnan Mnj`$ Q* Jnon} M}njfc$ Fcijjnb$ el O}iij Ceyvi

W}ekeqi}v cnv }ifib|ia fejvbai}nmdi vykv l}ek nm}ena* Qci nyqce}bqbiv

cn|i jeq miij ob|ij njr w}eel e} fdn}bqr ej qci vey}fiv el qci lyja

nja bqv }ikbqqnjfiv*

#v" Bj =77


11/34

nffyvia N* ]nhn nja cbv lnkbdr kikmi}v jeq ejdr |bednqia qci isbvqbjo

}ydiv bj }ivwifq el O}iij Ceyvi W}ekeqi}v #W" Dbkbqia$ myq ndve

w}ekeqia njeqci} fekwnjr qc}eyoc cbv `bqc , `bj |bx*$ I~ynvv Ivqnqi

#W" Dbkbqia* Qci vnba fekwnjr/v qy}je|i} nv ]v* ?99 f}e}i ej

fekwdiqbej el hyvq eji rin}* Qci fekwnjr cnv jeq lbdia njr w}ewi}

aefykijqv bqc ]iobvq}n} el Fekwnjbiv$ nv }i~yb}ia yjai} Le}k Je* =6NF

#qe mi lbddia mr w}b|nqidr ejia fekwnjbiv vwifblrbjo bjle}knqbej ejvndi el oeeav knjylnfqy}ia$ vndi el oeeav q}naia$ vndi el vywwdr el

vi}|bfiv$ iqf*"*

#q" Nffyvia N* ]nhn cnv lnbdia qe abvfdevi qci myvbjivv bjqi}ivq el

cbv bli nja eqci} }idnqb|iv bj qci n}inv% vymhifqv lnddbjo yjai} cbv

hy}bvabfqbej nv n Kbjbvqi} el Ij|b}ejkijq nja Le}ivqv nja ndve je nv

Kbjbvqi} el Fekkyjbfnqbejv nja bjle}knqbej Qifcjedeor*

66* Bq bv fdin} l}ek qci qnwia qidiwcejbf fej|i}vnqbejv knai mr qci

AOBQ nja je bj qci fyvqear el qci FMB$ el Kv* Jbb}n ]nabn$ bqc eji

el qci b|iv el K}* @n}yjnjbacb$ }ion}abjo qci Qidifek Kbjbvqi}vcbwle} nffyvia N* ]nhn nlqi} qci =772 Oiji}nd Idifqbejv qe De` Vnmcn$

qcnq qci}i nv n fdin} jisyv le} vcn}bjo qci m}bmi n}bvbjo l}ek qci

vndi el dbfijfiv le} = O Vwifq}yk*

61* Bq bv ly}qci} nddioia qcnq8

#n" Nffyvia nv n Yjbej Kbjbvqi}$ cnv ndve kbvdia Wn}dbnkijq mr

vqnqbjo qcnq cbv aifbvbej ej =O Vwifq}yk nddefnqbej i}i ji|i}

emhifqia qe mr Q]NB #Qidifek ]ioydnqe}r Nyqce}bqr el Bjabn" e} qci

Lbjnjfi Kbjbvq}r* Mr qcbv$ ci cnv ndve fekkbqqia m}infc el

Wn}dbnkijqn}r W}b|bdioi$ cbfc bv ndve n knqqi} el o}inq feddnqi}nd

bkwe}qnjfi qe qcbv Fekwdnbjq*

#m" Ndqceyoc$ qci W}bki Kbjbvqi} nv nn}i el qci fe}}ywq nrv el qci

nffyvia$ bq nv wi}cnwv qci fekwydvbejv el fendbqbej wedbqbfv qcnq

`iwq qci W}bki Kbjbvqi} nnr l}ek vqiwwbjo bj nja viqqbjo qcbjov

}bocq*

#f" Qci W}ivv cnv }iwe}qia qcnq ciji|i} qci nffyvia nv vykkejia mr

qci W}bki Kbjbvqi}$ qci Fcbil Kbjbvqi} el Qnkbd Jnay K}* @n}yjnjbacb

#cek qci nffyvia cnv l}i~yijqdr njjeyjfia qe mi cbv //Mide|ia

Dinai}// nja //Kijqe}//"$ yvia qe ldr l}ek Fcijjnb nja ve}q qcbjov eyqbqc qci Fejo}ivv dinai}vcbw*

#a" _cbdi vi}|bjo nv Kbjbvqi} le} Ij|b}ejkijq nja Le}ivqv$ nffyvia/v

jiwci A}* ]* V}bacn} nv vidifqia nv Aiwyqr Ab}ifqe} bj qci vnki

Kbjbvq}r mr ldeyqbjo qci Je}kv el Nwwebjqkijq* Ci mnf`anqia cbv

}ivbojnqbej diqqi} l}ek qci wevq vbjfi //Qci Wbejii}// jiv anbdr

}i|india qcnq ci nv cedabjo >9) vcn}iv bj n }ind ivqnqi fekwnjr

bjfe}we}nqia nv @e|nb Vcidqi}v #W" Dbkbqia* Nffyvia N* ]nhn/v qe


12/34


13/34

Vcncba Mndn el Vnj% Iqbvndnq AM nja el Vria Vndncyaabj qe Oijis*

Qci Ceki Kbjbvq}r webjqv qe qci vyvwifqia dbj`v el qcivi qe `ir

wdnri}v qe Wn`bvqnj nja qci Fcbjivi N}kr* Qcbv bv$ cei|i}$ n knqqi}

le} njeqci} fekwdnbjq*

6


14/34

qe qnì yw qci knqqi} nja qe bjbqbnqi w}evifyqbej w}efiiabjov nonbjvq

qci nffyvia*

17* Qcnq qci}ile}i8

#>" Nv vykkn}bxia bj nme|i wn}nv$ qci ellijfivfekkbqqia mr nffyvia N* ]nhn feki yjai} Vifqbej >6#>" #f"$ #a" nja

#i" el qci W}i|ijqbej el Fe}}ywqbej Nfq0

#=" Qci lnfqv el qcivi ellijfiv fekkbqqia mr qci

nffyvia N* ]nhn n}i nd}inar w}bkn lnfbi ivqnmdbvcia l}ek qci FNO

]iwe}q njjisia ci}ibqc mivbaiv qci lnfqv nja i|baijfi vymkbqqia

ci}ibqc$ nja le}qblbia mr qci aefykijqv bj qci fyvqear el qci FMB$

F\F$ IA nja qci ]iobvq}n} el Fekwnjbiv*

1>* Cijfi$ bq bv w}nria qcnq qcbv Fey}q$ mibjo Vwifbnd Hyaoi$ yjai}

qci W}i|ijqbej el Fe}}ywqbej Nfq P>233[ knr8

#n" qnì Feojbxnjfi y%v 9#>" el qci W}i|ijqbej el Fe}}ywqbej Nfq$ >233

}% qci F}bkbjnd W}efiay}i Feai$ nja qe viq bjqe keqbej w}evifyqbej

w}efiiabjov nonbjvq nffyvia N* ]nhn$ le} qci ellijfiv yjai} Vifqbejv

>6#>" #a" nja #i" el qci W}i|ijqbej el Fe}}ywqbej Nfq$ >2330

#m" nwwebjq qci Fekwdnbjnjq nv W}evifyqe} y%v 9#6" el qci W}i|ijqbej

el Fe}}ywqbej Nfq$ >2330

#f" Ab}ifq qci FMB$ qci IA nja eqci} w}evifyqbjo noijfbiv el qci

Oe|i}jkijq qe nvvbvq qci Fekwdnbjnjq bj fejayfqbjo qci fnvi nlqi}

feojbxnjfi bv qnìj0

#a" @iiwbjo bj |bi qci lnfqv$ i|ijqv nja fb}fykvqnjfiv vqnqia ci}ibj

nme|i$ qnì feojbxnjfi% vykkej% q}r nja wyjbvc nffyvia N* ]nhn$ bj

nffe}anjfi bqc dn$ bj qci bjqi}ivq el hyvqbfi0

#i" Wnvv vyfc eqci} nja ly}qci} e}ai}v nv n}i jifivvn}r bj qci

bjqi}ivq el hyvqbfi*

1=* Cijfi qcbv fekwdnbjq*

16* Qci fekwdnbjnjq cnv isnkbjia cbkvidl$ bj vywwe}q el nddionqbejv

bj qci fekwdnbjq$ nv F_ >$ nja cnv aiwevia ej 7?*7>*=7>7 nv yjai}8

//B cn|i miij n Kikmi} el Yjbej Fnmbjiq* B cn|i cida Fnmbjiq

}nj` wevbqbej qbfi nja miij n Kikmi} el Wn}dbnkijq lb|i qbkiv* B

cn|i n Wc* A* bj Ifejekbf l}ek Cn}|n}a Yjb|i}vbqr* W}ivijqdr$ B nk

W}ivbaijq el qci Hnjnqn Wn}qr$ cbfc nv leyjaia mr Vc* Hnb W}n`nvc

Jn}nrnj bj >2??*


15/34

Mibjo n dn nmbabjo fbqbxij nja n wymdbf vwb}bqia fbqbxij

idd |i}via bj Lbjnjfi nja Diond knqqi}v$ mejnlbai midbi|i qcnq bq bv

kr ayqr qe viq bjqe keqbej diond w}efivviv wn}qbfydn}dr bj qcbv fnvi

cbfc bv vnba qe mi qci mbooivq fe}}ywqbej fnvi$ jnkidr$ =O Vwifq}yk

nddefnqbej* Bj qcbv knqqi}$ qci ellijfiv i}i fekkbqqia miobjjbjo

bqc qci nfq el nn}abjo >== dbfijfiv qe jbji nwwdbfnjqv ej Hnjyn}r>>$ =773* Qcbv nfq el nn}abjo dbfijfiv nv ej e}ai}v el qci qcij

Kbjbvqi} el Fekkyjbfnqbejv nja Bjle}knqbej Qifcjedeor K}* N* ]nhn$

cek B cn|i jnkia nv nffyvia bj kr fekwdnbjq* B ndve w}ewevia nv B

cn|i vnba bj kr fekwdnbjq qe bjfdyai dnqi} yjai} qci w}e|bvbejv el qci

F}WF eqci} wi}vejv nv nffyvia nv wn}q el dn}oi} fejvwb}nfr qe ail}nya

qci jnqbej* Qci w}bkn lnfbi fnvi el kr fekwdnbjq bv lyddr ijae}via

nja vywwe}qia mr qci }iwe}q el qci Fekwq}eddi} nja Nyabqe} Oiji}nd

#FNO"* Fewr el cbfc }iwe}q cnv miij njjisia ndejobqc kr fekwdnbjq*

Kr fekwdnbjq bv Is F_ >%>$ cbfc min}v kr vbojnqy}i nq webjq N* B

cn|i ndve lbdia nj nllban|bq aydr ve}j mile}i Enqc Fekkbvvbeji}

ndejobqc kr fekwdnbjq* Qci vnki bv Is F_>%=* Bq min}v kr vbojnqy}i

nq webjq N nja M* Dbvq el bqjivviv lbdia mr ki nja dbvq el aefykijqvlbdia ndejobqc kr fekwdnbjq ndve min}v kr vbojnqy}i nq webjq N ej

meqc qci vciiqv* Fewr el }iwe}q el FNO bv ndve ej qci Fey}q }ife}a

nja bv kn}`ia nv Kn} N* Qci bjo}iabijqv el qci ellijfiv knai eyq bj

kr fekwdnbjq n}i vqnqia fejfbvidr ej wnoi 2 wn}n =2 nja wnoi >2 wn}nv

69 nja 6


16/34

>$?== dbfijfiv o}njqia ej qci e}ai}v el nffyvia K}* N* ]nhn n}i

bddiond nja |eba* Qci Aidcb Cboc Fey}q meqc nq qci di|id el Cej/mdi

Vbjodi Hyaoi nja Cej/mdi Ab|bvbej Mijfc cida qci n}mbq}n}r lbsbjo elqci fyqell anqi nv yj}invejnmdi nja bddiond* Qci hyaokijqv el qci

qe mijfciv n}i ej wnoiv =31 qe =26 le} qci vbjodi mijfc hyaokijq nja

wnoi =21 qe 6>9 le} qci Ab|bvbej Mijfc hyaokijq* Bj kr fekwdnbjq$ B

cn|i ndve w}e|baia i|baijfi qcnq qci nffyvia cna bjab}ifq wi}vejnd%

lnkbdr% wn}qr wifyjbn}r bjqi}ivq bj qci nn}abjo el qci dbfijfiv* B

cn|i w}e|baia i|baijfi el qci vcn}w }bvi bj qci nvviqv el K}* N* ]nhn$

cbfc n}i ej wnoiv >3? qe =>6 el qci fekwdnbjq nja wnoiv =>< qe ==7*

K}* N* ]nhn ndve ln|ey}ia bjab}ifqdr qe fekwnjbiv$ jnkidr$ Oijis Isbk

\ijqy}iv nja O}iij Ceyvi W}ekeqi}v nja eqci} fejjifqia bjqi}def`bjo

fekwnjbiv* Bj qci lb}vq jnkia fekwnjr Oijis Isbk \ijqy}iv$ qci }ind

eji} K}* Nckia Vria Vndncyaabj bv nj J]B myvbjivvknj mnvia bj Aymnb

myq cnv miij ob|ij ndd qci w}ivqbobeyv fejvq}yfqbej fejq}nfq bj QnkbdJnay mr qci AK@ W}ivbaijq nja Fcbil Kbjbvqi} K}* @n}yjnjbacb* Qci

}ifijq fejvq}yfqbej el qci Qnkbd Jnay Nvvikmdr mybdabjo bv ndve

fejvq}yfqia mr K}* Vndncyaabj* Bj qci vifeja fekwnjr$ jnkidr$ O}iij

Ceyvi W}ekeqi}v$ le} n qbki qci bli el nffyvia N* ]nhn$ K}v*

Wn}kivn}b nv n Ab}ifqe}* Qcbv bv vymvqnjqbnqia bj qci fekwdnbjq ej

wnoiv =>1 qe ==? nja ly}qci} wnoiv =6? qe =3=* Meqc qcivi fekwnjbiv

nvviqv cn|i |nvqdr bjf}invia nja qcir cn|i miij nmdi qe myr vcn}iv bj

Vnj Qidifek cevi ji jnki bv Iqbvndnq AM$ cbfc bv n YNI Fe}we}nqbej

bqc =>*=7>7$ fewr el cbfc bv fejqnbjia bj wnoi

>97 el kr fekwdnbjq bjle}kbjo qci FMB qcnq B bjqija qe lbdi n f}bkbjnd

fekwdnbjq nonbjvq qci je le}ki} Qidifek Kbjbvqi} K}* N* ]nhn mile}i n

Vwifbnd Hyaoi bj n aivbojnqia Fey}q$ yjai} qci WF Nfq* Qci FMB cnv

jeq qn`ij njr vqiwv qe }iobvqi} nj LB]$ vwifblbfnddr bj qci jnki el N*

]nhn* Fewr el qci diqqi} cbfc B }bqqij qe FMB anqia 67*>>*=7>7 bv

njjisy}i>>* B cn|i wyq kr vbojnqy}i nonbj qeanr nq webjq N ej qci

vnki* Qci vnba bv Is F_ >%6* B }ifib|ia n }iwdr l}ek FMB anqia

73*>=%>6*>=*>7* Qci vnki bv ej qci Fey}q }ife}a nja bv Is F_ >%1*

Fewr el qci ]F }iobvqi}ia mr FMB bv Kn}`M*

Bj |bi el ndd qcivi i|baijfi cbfc B cn|i vymkbqqia bjqci vqnqikijq bj m}bil$ myq bv fejqnbjia bj aiqnbdv bj kr 6?9 wnoiv

fekwdnbjq n vq}ejo w}bkn lnfbi fnvi vywwe}qia mr aefykijqv nja

fejlb}kia mr qci lbjabjov el qci FNO }iwe}q jifivvbqnqiv qci

feojbxnjfi el kr fekwdnbjq nja n w}ewi} w}evifyqbej el qci knqqi}*//

11* Ci ly}qci} aiwevia ej >?*>=*=7>> nv yjai}8

Qcbv cej/mdi Fey}q cnv l}nkia qe fcn}oiv el kbvfejayfq


17/34

nonbjvq nffyvia N* ]nhn nja }ife}aia nv leddev8

Fcn}oi >8 Vwifq}yk dbfijfiv i}i bvvyia nq n |i}r jekbjnd w}bfi qcnq

nv lbsia bj qci rin} =77>* Qcbv bv ej qci wnoiv => nja == el qci

fcn}oiv* Qcivi i}i$ cei|i}$ jeq dbfijfiv bvvyia$ myq diqqi}v el

bjqijq* Dbfijfiv nffe}abjo qe qci }ife}a mionj qe mi bvvyia l}ek

=?*7=*=773 nja jeq l}ek Hnjyn}r >7qc$ =773* Bj kr aefykijqv |edykiBB$ wnoi 92$ Is F_ >%9$ qci}i bv n dbvq el ji YNV Dbfijfiv$ bvvyia

vbjfi >>*>>*=776* Qcbv cnv qe mi }ina bqc |edyki BBB$ wnoi >>$ Kn}`

F* Nq wnoi =6 el qcbv aefykijq$ qci}i bv nj njvi} ob|ij qe qci

Wymdbf Nffeyjqv fekkbqqii }ion}abjo vndi el vqn`i mr K%v Vnj Qidifek

#W" Dbkbqia$ ci}ibj bq bv vqnqia //qcnq Vnj Qidifek nv bjfe}we}nqia

ej Hydr >6qc$ =776 qidifek fb}fdiv bj

Lim}yn}r% Kn}fc =773* Vbkbdn}dr$ bj jisq wn}no}nwc el qcbv aefykijq$

bq vqnqiv //K%v Yjbqifc _b}idivv Qnkbd Jnay #W" Dbkbqia nv

bjfe}we}nqia ej Nyoyvq >7$ =77?* Bq }ifib|ia dbfijfiv le} == qidifek

fb}fdiv bj Lim}yn}r$ =773*// N diqqi} el bjqijq bv nj bjqijqbej el

qci Oe|i}jkijq w}e|baia qci fejabqbejv n}i kiq el qci dbfijfi qe nn}a

qci dbfijfi* Qcbv bv ndve vqnqia bj qci w}ivv }idinvi bvvyia mr qciAeQ ej >7*7>*=773* Qci vifeja fcn}oi$ cbfc bv fcn}oi Je* 9 nja ej

wnoi 6= el qci fcn}oiv$ bq bv }ife}aia qcnq Vnj nja Yjbqifc i}i

nddeia qe elldena qcib} vcn}iv qe Iqbvndnq nja Qidije} }ivwifqb|idr

i|ij mile}i qci }eddeyq nja mr viddbjo qcib} vcn}iv nq vi|i}nd qbkiv

cnq qcir wnba qe qci Oe|i}jkijq le} qci dbfijfiv*

B ly}qci} vqnqi$ nv bj kr nwwdbfnqbej wn}nv >6 qe >9$ qcnq

nffyvia N* ]nhn feyda jeq mi oybdqr el qcivi fcn}oiv ndeji$ myq

fekkbqqia qcivi ellijfiv bqc qci nfqb|i fejjb|njfi el Vc* W*

Fcbankm}nk$ w}ivijqdr Ceki Kbjbvqi}$ Oe|i}jkijq el Bjabn* Nv ln} nv

qci lb}vq fcn}oi bv fejfi}jia$ meqc Vc* Fcbankm}nk nja Vc* N* ]nhn$ Is

W_ellbfbe$ i}i ikwei}ia mr n =776 Fnmbjiq aifbvbej anqia

6>*>7*=776$ je Is F_ >%*71*=773$ wnoi %3$ bq nv vqnqia mr Vc* Fcbankm}nk bj wn}n =

qcnq //nlqi} rey cn|i cna nj ewwe}qyjbqr qe isnkbji qci vnki knr i


18/34

kiiq nja abvfyvv nja }infc veki fejfdyvbejv5 Qcivi fejfdyvbejv feyda

qcij mi w}ivijqia qe qci Cej/mdi W}bki Kbjbvqi}//* Qcbv bv ly}qci}

fe}}eme}nqia mr wn}no}nwc = el qci ellbfi kike}njayk anqia =9*76*=7>>$

cbfc miobjv ej wnoi 16 \edyki BB$ nja n wceqefewr el qci vnki bv Kn}`

A* Qci Cej/mdi W}bki Kbjbvqi} cnv ndve fe}}eme}nqia qcbv bj cbv

vqnqikijq knai ej qci ldee} el ]nhrn Vnmcn ej =1*7=*=7>>* N

fekwyqi}bxia fewr el qci vnki bv Is F_ >%2* Ej wnoi 2$ dnvq dbji$ bqbv vqnqia qcnq //qci Oe|i}jkijq/v wedbfr ej qci w}bfbjo el vwifq}yk

nv qn`ij ej qci mnvbv el qci Fnmbjiq aifbvbej el =776$ cbfc

vwifblbfnddr dilq qcbv bvvyi qe mi aiqi}kbjia mr qci Kbjbvq}r el

Lbjnjfi nja Kbjbvq}r el Qidifekkyjbfnqbejv//* Qci wn}no}nwc ly}qci}

}inav //Qci qe Kbjbvqi}v cna no}iia ej qcbv mifnyvi el dionfr

fejvbai}nqbejv nja B nffiwqia qcib} }ifekkijanqbej*// Nv wi} wn}n ? el

Is F_ >%?$ Vc* Fcbankm}nk bjle}kv qci Cej/mdi W}bki Kbjbvqi} qcnq //bq

bv qci}ile}i fdin} qcnq qci}i n}i qc}ii viwn}nqi fejfiwqv8 #b" ijq}r

lii0 #bb" fcn}oiv le} vwifq}yk0 nja #bbb" }i|ijyi vcn}i//*

Qci}ile}i$ bj wy}vynjfi el qcbv ikwei}kijq$ qci qe

Kbjbvqi}v$ Vc* Fcbankm}nk nja Vc* N* ]nhn$ kiq ej ley} effnvbejv* Qcilb}vq kiiqbjo bv anqia 67*7>*=773$ qci vifeja kiiqbjo bv anqia

=2*79*=773 nja qci qcb}a kiiqbjo ej >=*7*=773* N wceqefewr el

qci kbjyqiv bv Kn}` I$ bj \edyki BB wnoi 62* Bj qci lb}vq wn}no}nwc

el qci vnba kbjyqiv$ bq bv vqnqia //Kbjbvqi} le} Fekkyjbfnqbejv kiq

qci Lbjnjfi Kbjbvqi} qeanr ej qci vymhifq el vwifq}yk fcn}oiv*

Vif}iqn}r$ AeQ$ Na|bve} #_b}idivv" nja B #Vc* A* Vymmn}ne$ qci qcij

Lbjnjfi Vif}iqn}r"$ i}i w}ivijq*// bj wn}no}nwc 9 el qci vnba

Kbjyqiv$ bq bv }ife}aia qcnq //LK vnba qcnq le} je i n}i jeq vii`bjo

qe }i|bvbq qci fy}}ijq }iobkiv le} ijq}r lii e} le} }i|ijyi vcn}i//*

Qcbv bv fe}}eme}nqia mr diqqi} Is F_ >%?* Bj wn}no}nwc >6 el qci vnba

diqqi}$ qcnq bv$ Is F_ >%?$ bq bv vqnqia mr Vc* Fcbankm}nk qcnq //qcbv

din|iv qci ~yivqbej nmeyq dbfijfiiv ce nd}inar ceda vwifq}yk e|i} nja

nme|i qci vqn}q el vwifq}yk* Bj vyfc fnviv$ qci wnvq knr mi q}inqia

nv n fdevia fcnwqi}********//*

Qci FNO }iwe}q Is F_ >%>7$ wnoi =9*7>*=773 nq

webjq N ej qcbv wnoi* Ej wnoi =?$ qci FNO fejfdyaiv bqc qcileddebjo emvi}|nqbej8

//Qci Kbjbvq}r el Lbjnjfi vceyda cn|i bjvbvqia le} Fnmbjiq

aifbvbej$ bj |bi el qci leddebjo8

( Q}inqbjo qci nyqce}bxnqbej nddeia mr qci Fnmbjiq bj =776 le}

fndfydnqbej el ijq}r lii le} kbo}nqbej el isbvqbjo ewi}nqe}v #MVEv nja

FKWv" qe YNVD }iobki mnvia ej qci le}kydn ob|ij mr qci Q]NB #Efqemi}


19/34

=776" nv nj ewijijaia eji nv n }ejo bjqi}w}iqnqbej el qci AeQ nja

wn}qbfydn}dr cij Fnmbjiq bj qci vnki aifbvbej cna ailbjia qci }edi el

KeL bj qci knqqi} el vwifq}yk w}bfbjo*

( Oe|i}jkijq el Bjabn #Q}njvnfqbej el Myvbjivv" ]ydiv >2 w}e|baia

le} jifivvbqr el knqqi} mibjo wdnfia mile}i qci Fnmbjiq bj fnvi ibqci}

bj|ed|bjo lbjnjfbnd bkwdbfnqbej ej cbfc qci Kbjbvqi} el Lbjnjfiaivb}iv e} n ablli}ijfi el ewbjbej n}bviv miqiij qe e} ke}i

Kbjbvqi}v*//

N wceqefewr isnfq el Oe|i}jkijq el Bjabn #Q}njvnfqbej el

Myvbjivv" ]ydiv$ }yjjbjo bjqe qc}ii wnoiv$ bv Is F_ >%>>*

B ly}qci} vqnqi qcnq Vc* Fcbankm}nk nv nn}i nq dinvq ej

72*7>*=773 el cnq Vc* N* ]nhn nv wdnjjbjo qe ae ej >7*7>*=773*

Wn}no}nwcv 2$ >7 nja >> el aefykijq Kn}` A kn`i bq fdin} qcnq Vc*

Fcbankm}nk cna ndd ndejo miij nww}bvia mr cbv ellbfbndv el

yjvybqnmbdbqr el lbsbjo qci w}bfi el vwifq}yk nq =77> di|id nja

w}e|babjo qe dbfijfiiv vwifq}yk nq xi}e w}bfi* Bq ndve fejlb}kv bjwn}no}nwc >= qcnq n kiiqbjo nv cida ej 67*7>*=773 miqiij qci

Kbjbvqi}v el Lbjnjfi nja Qidifekkyjbfnqbejv nja ci}ibj bq bv vqnqia

bq nv jeqia mr qci qcij Lbjnjfi Kbjbvqi} qcnq ci nv le} je jeq

vii`bjo qe }i|bvbq qci fy}}ijq }iobkiv le} ijq}r lii e} }i|ijyi

vcn}iv* Wn}n >1 el qci vnki aefykijq ly}qci} vqnqiv qe fe}}eme}nqi

qcnq vwifq}yk yw qe ? el qci vnki

aefykijq ly}qci} vqnqiv qcnq qci}i nv n nr eyq mr bj|e`bjo fdnyvi

9*> el qci YNV Dbfijfi$ cbfc bjqi} ndbn$ w}e|bai le} keablbfnqbej nq

njr qbki qci qi}kv nja fejabqbejv el qci dbfijfi $ bl bj qci ewbjbej

el qci Dbfijve} bq bv jifivvn}r nja iswiabijq qe ae ve bj wymdbf

bjqi}ivq e} bj qci bjqi}ivq el vify}bqr el Vqnqi e} le} qci w}ewi}

fejayfq el qci qidio}nwcv* Nv ln} nv qci vifeja fcn}oi nonbjvq Vc*

N* ]nhn bv fejfi}jia$ jnkidr$ qcnq Vnj nja Yjbqifc i}i nddeia qe

elldena qcib} vcn}iv qe Iqbvndnq nja Qidije}* Qcbv bv ndve vqnqia bj

aefykijqv anqia 79*>>*=773$ je Is F_ >%>=* Bj qcbv bq bv vqnqia$

bjqi} ndbn$ bj qci kiiqbjo Cejmdi Lbjnjfi Kbjbvqi} fdn}blbia qcnq

abdyqbej el vcn}iv qe nqq}nfq le}iboj bj|ivqkijq le} iswnjvbej aba jeq

ndde vndi el dbfijfi nja$ nv vyfc$ qcivi fekwnjbiv aba qcib} vcn}i

abdyqbej nv wi} qci fe}we}nqi dnv* B ly}qci} vqnqi qcnq KCN cna

}nbvia emhifqbejv }ion}abjo lbjnjfbnd q}njvnfqbejv bqc Iqbvndnq bj

Bjabn* Bj vywwe}q qci}iel B wdnfi ej }ife}a n fekwyqi}bxia fewr el

aefykijq$ wnoiv 2? qe >71$ cbfc B krvidl aejdenaia l}ek qci imvbqi

el Iqbvndnq nja fekwyqi}bxia fewr bv je Is F_ >%>6*

19* Ci ly}qci} aiwevia ej 7?*7>*=7>= nv yjai}8

B cn|i m}eyocq fi}qblbia fewbiv el veki aefykijqv nja B knr mi

nddeia qe wdnfi qci vnki ej }ife}a$ cbfc i}i in}dbi} }ili}}ia qe bj

kr isnkbjnqbej* N fi}qblbia fewr el qci kike}njayk$ }yjjbjo bjqe

qcb}qiij wnoiv$ anqia =>*7?*=7>7 bv Is F_ >%>1 feddifqb|idr* Njeqci}

fi}qblbia fewr el nj ellbfi kike}njayk anqia =9*76*=7>>$ }yjjbjo bjqe


20/34

qid|i wnoiv$ bv feddifqb|idr Is F_ >%>9* Qci fi}qblbia fewr el qci

kbjyqiv el qci kiiqbjo miqiij qci qcij Lbjnjfi Kbjbvqi} nja qci qcij

KEF,BQ anqia 67*7>*=773 bv Is F_ >%>> wnvvia mr qci Cejmdi Vyw}iki Fey}q bv Is F_ >%>?*

Qci fi}qblbia fewr el qci kbjyqiv el njeqci} kiiqbjo miqiij qci

Cejmdi W}bki Kbjbvqi} nja qci qcij Lbjnjfi Kbjbvqi} nja qcij KEF,BQ$

}yjjbjo bjqe vbs wnoiv$ bv feddifqb|idr Is F_ >%>3* N wceqefewr el qcivibxy}i kike w}iwn}ia mr qci FMB ej ==*>7*=772 bv Is F_ >%>2$ nv nj

e}bobjnd fewr el qci vnki bv nd}inar ej }ife}a el qcbv Fey}q* N

fi}qblbia fewr el qci Fnmbjiq }ivedyqbej anqia 6>*>7*=776 bv Is F_

>%=7$ wnoiv$ 92 qe 31$ nja bqv fe|i}bjo jeqi anqia 76*>>*=776 bv Is F_

>%=>* N fi}qblbia fewr el qci diqqi} anqia >9*7>*=773 }bqqij mr qci

qcij Lbjnjfi Kbjbvqi} qe qci Cejmdi W}bki Kbjbvqi} bv Is F_ >%==*

Fi}qblbia fewr el n diqqi} anqia =>*>7*=7>> naa}ivvia qe ki mr A}* W*

O* V* ]ne bv Is F_ >%=6* Fi}qblbia fewr el aefykijqv }ifib|ia mr ki

yjai} ]QB Nfq bv Is F_ >%=1* N fi}qblbia fewr el qci fekkyjbfnqbej

anqia =>*>=*=7>7 }ifib|ia mr ki mr qci W}bki Kbjbvqi}v ellbfi bv Is

F_>%=9* Fi}qblbia fewr el qci jeqiv anqia 7>*=773 nja 7?*>>*=773 el

Vc* Knanj Fcny}nvbn n}i Is F_ >%=< nja >%=? }ivwifqb|idr* Fi}qblbiafewr el njeqci} jeqi anqia >7*>>*=773 el Vc* Vnjqe` Vbjoc bv Is F_

>%=3* Wceqefewr el isq}nfqv el }iwe}qv el fekkbqqii w}ivbaia e|i} mr

Cejmdi K}* Hyvqbfi Vcb|}nh \* Wnqbd bv kn}` L* Qcbv i|baijfi }i|indv

qci fejjb|njfi$ feddyvbej nja qci fejvijq el qci qcij Lbjnjfi Kbjbvqi}

Vc* W* Fcbankm}nk bj qci aifbvbejv qn`ij mr qci qcij qidifek Kbjbvqi}

bj qci knqqi} el8

N* Lbsbjo qci w}bfi el qci vwifq}yk dbfijfi0 nja

M* Bj qci knqqi} el wi}kbqqbjo qe fekwnjbiv$ cbfc }ifib|ia qci

dbfijfi$ jnkidr$ Vnj nja Yjbqifc$ bj abdyqbej el vcn}iv i|ij mile}i

}eddeyq el qcib} vi}|bfiv*

Qcnq bv$ qci i|baijfi m}bjov ej }ife}a qci fekkbvvbej el

ellijfiv yjai} qci W}i|ijqbej el Fe}}ywqbej Nfq le} cbfc Vc* N* ]nhn

cnv nd}inar miij fcn}oia mr qcbv Fey}q* B cn|i ndve m}eyocq ej }ife}a

i|baijfi qe vce qcnq Vc* Fcbankm}nk bv ndve oybdqr el m}infc el q}yvq

bj ~yivqbej el jnqbejnd vify}bqr le} jeq abvfdevbjo qcnq Iqbvndnq nja

Qidije} i}i mdnf` dbvqia mr Ceki Kbjbvq}r Na|bve}r*

B ae jeq bvc qe naa njrqcbjo ke}i nja fdevi kr vqnqikijq*

1*=7>>* Cei|i}$ ej >9*72*=7>>$ qci fekwdnbjnjq lbdia

nj nwwdbfnqbej yjai} Vifqbej 6>> F}WF le} vykkejbjo% }ifnddbjo el

bqjivviv le} isnkbjnqbej ej micndl el qci fekwdnbjnjq nja bj qcnq

nwwdbfnqbej ejdr nddionqbejv i}i di|iddia nonbjvq K}* W* Fcbankmn}nk*


21/34

Qci vnba nwwdbfnqbej nv nddeia |bai e}ai} anqia 73*>=*=7>> nja

qci}inlqi}$ qci fekwdnbjnjq isnkbjia cbkvidl ej >?*>=*=7>> nja

7?*7>*=7>=* Ci cnv jeq isnkbjia njr eqci} bqjivv bj vywwe}q el qci

nddionqbejv bj qci fekwdnbjq*

1?* B cn|i aidbmi}nqidr isq}nfqia qci nddionqbejv bj qci fekwdnbjqnja i|baijfi ej enqc bj aiqnbd qe kn`i qcbjov fdin} nja

yjai}vqnjanmdi*

13* B cn|i cin}a qci n}oykijqv nq qci mn} bj aiqnbd nja cn|i

fn}ilyddr oeji qc}eyoc qci lbdi*

12* Bq bv vymkbqqia mr qci fekwdnbjnjq bj wi}vej qcnq YNV Dbfijfiv

i}i bvvyia nq n |i}r de w}bfi$ cbfc i}i abvfe|i}ia bj =77>* Bq bv

ly}qci} vymkbqqia mr cbk qcnq Vnj Qidifek #W" Dbkbqia nja Yjbqifc

_b}idivv #Qnkbd Jnay" Dbkbqia i}i nddeia qe elldena qcib} vcn}iv qeIqbvndnq nja Qidije} i|ij mile}i }eddeyq* Bq bv ly}qci} vymkbqqia

qcnq qci fekwnjbiv veda qcib} vcn}iv nq w}bfiv vi|i}nd qbkiv cboc el

cnq qcir wnba qe qci Oe|i}jkijq le} dbfijfiv* Bq bv ly}qci} vymkbqqia

mr cbk qcnq nv wi} Fnmbjiq aifbvbej anqia 6>*>7*=776$ vwifq}yk w}bfbjo

le}kydn nv qe mi aifbaia mr qci Lbjnjfi Kbjbvqi} nja qci Qidifek

Kbjbvqi} nja nq qci }idi|njq qbki K}* W* Fcbankmn}nk nv Lbjnjfi

Kbjbvqi} nja K}* N* ]nhn nv Kbjbvqi}$ Qidifekkyjbfnqbejv* Bq bv

ly}qci} vymkbqqia qcnq K}* W* Fcbankmn}nk nv nn}i el qcbv

ikwei}kijq* Bq bv ly}qci} vymkbqqia qcnq K}* W* Fcbankmn}nk cna

bjle}kia qci Cejmdi W}bki Kbjbvqi} qcnq AeQ nja KeL eyda abvfyvv nja

lbjndbxi qci w}bfbjo le}kydn le} vwifq}yk nja ci ndve }eqi n diqqi}

qe K}* N* ]nhn bj qcbv }ion}a nja qeda cbk qcnq nlqi} ci #K}* N* ]nhn"

cna nj ewwe}qyjbqr qe isnkbji qci vnki$ qcir #K}* W* Fcbankmn}nk nja

K}* N* ]nhn" knr kiiq nja abvfyvv nja }infc veki fejfdyvbej* Bq bv

ly}qci} vymkbqqia qcnq qci Cejmdi W}bki Kbjbvqi} ndve knai n

vqnqikijq bj ]nhrn Vnmcn nmeyq qci qe Kbjbvqi}v aifbabjo ej w}bfbjo

el vwifq}yk ej qci mnvbv el Fnmbjiq aifbvbej el =776 nja ndve qeda

qcnq qcir no}iia qe qcbv mifnyvi el dionfr fejvbai}nqbejv* Bq bv

ly}qci} vymkbqqia qcnq K}* W* Fcbankmn}nk kiq K}* N* ]nhn ej ley}

effnvbejv$ qcnq bv$ ej 67*7>*=773$ =2*79*=773$ >=*7*=773 nv qe

cnq K}* N* ]nhn nv wdnjjbjo qe ae ej >7*7>*=773 nja ci nv ndve

nn}i el qci yjvybqnmbdbqr el lbsbjo qci w}bfi el vwifq}yk nq =77>

di|id*


22/34

Bq bv ly}qci} vymkbqqia qcnq K}* W* Fcbankmn}nk ndve nddeia

Vnj Qidifek #W" Dbkbqia nja Yjbqifc _b}idivv #Qnkbd Jnay" Dbkbqia qe

elldena qcib} vcn}iv qe Iqbvndnq nja Qidije}* Bq bv ly}qci} vymkbqqia

qcnq bj kiiqbjo bqc K}* N* ]nhn$ ci fdn}blbia qcnq abdyqbej el vcn}iv

qe nqq}nfq le}iboj bj|ivqkijq le} iswnjvbej aba jeq nkeyjq qe vndi el

dbfijfi nja qci fekwnjbiv aba qcib} abdyqbej nv wi} fe}we}nqi dnv*

Kr nqqijqbej cnv miij bj|bqia qe qci |n}beyv aefykijqv wdnfia ej

}ife}a$ bjfdyabjo F_ >%> qe >%=3$ qe ikwcnvbxi qcnq ndd qcivi nfqv

i}i aeji mr nffyvia N* ]nhn bj fejjb|njfi$ feddyvbej nja fejvijq el

K}* W* Fcbankmn}nk$ qci qcij Lbjnjfi Kbjbvqi}* Bq bv }iwinqiadr

vymkbqqia qcnq K}* W* Fcbankmn}nk bv oybdqr el fekkbvvbej el ellijfiv

yjai} WF Nfq$ le} cbfc nffyvia N* ]nhn bv lnfbjo q}bnd* Bq bv ly}qci}

vymkbqqia qcnq K}* W* Fcbankmn}nk bv ndve oybdqr el m}infc el q}yvq ej

~yivqbej el jnqbejnd vify}bqr le} jeq abvfdevbjo qcnq Iqbvndnq nja

Qidije} i}i mdnf`dbvqia mr qci Ceki Kbjbvq}r*

Bq bv }iwinqiadr vymkbqqia qcnq qci}i bv ijeyoc bjf}bkbjnqbjo

knqi}bnd ej }ife}a qe n}}njq vykkejbjo el K}* W* Fcbankmn}nk nv njnffyvia bj qci fnvi*

Ci cnv ndve wdnfia ej }ife}a }bqqij vymkbvvbejv*

Kr nqqijqbej cnv miij bj|bqia qe qci leddebjo nyqce}bqbiv8

#>" Njbd Vn}nj \v* Vqnqi el Mbcn} nja njeqci}$ #>229" < VFF >1=0

#=" Fcnja}n Aie Vbjoc \v* W}e`nvc Fcnja}n Mevi ndbnv Fcnmb Mevi nja

njeqci}$ NB] >21670

#6" Cidbev nja Knqcivej Bjle}knqbej Qifcjedeor Dbkbqia nja eqci}v \v*

]nhii| Vncjir nja njeqci} bqc Wnnj @ykn} \v* ]nhii| Vncjir nja

njeqci}$ #=7>=" > VFF VFF 92?= VF >23? F}b* D*H 11?0

#2" Hbn Dnd Vcn}kn$ Ji Aidcb \v* Qci Vqnqi nja njeqci}$ >23= F}b* DH >2>60 nja


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#>7" Jb}kndhbq Vbjoc Ceej \v* Qci Vqnqi el _ivq Mijond nja njeqci}$

NB] >2?= VF =*=7>= mr qci

fekwdnbjnjq nv F_> nja cbfc bv isq}nfqia nv yjai} le} }inar}ili}ijfi8

************************************************************ Qcbv

i|baijfi }i|indv qci fejjb|njfi$ feddyvbej nja qci fejvijq el qci qcij

Lbjnjfi Kbjbvqi} Vc* W* Fcbankm}nk bj qci aifbvbejv qn`ij mr qci qcij

qidifek Kbjbvqi} bj qci knqqi} el8

N* Lbsbjo qci w}bfi el qci vwifq}yk dbfijfi0 nja

M* Bj qci knqqi} el wi}kbqqbjo qe fekwnjbiv$ cbfc }ifib|ia qci

dbfijfi$ jnkidr$ Vnj nja Yjbqifc$ bj abdyqbej el vcn}iv i|ij mile}i

}eddeyq el qcib} vi}|bfiv*

Qcnq bv$ qci i|baijfi m}bjov ej }ife}a qci fekkbvvbej el

ellijfiv yjai} qci W}i|ijqbej el Fe}}ywqbej Nfq le} cbfc Vc* N* ]nhn

cnv nd}inar miij fcn}oia mr qcbv Fey}q* B cn|i ndve m}eyocq ej }ife}a

i|baijfi qe vce qcnq Vc* Fcbankm}nk bv ndve oybdqr el m}infc el q}yvq

bj ~yivqbej el jnqbejnd vify}bqr le} jeq abvfdevbjo qcnq Iqbvndnq nja

Qidije} i}i mdnf` dbvqia mr Ceki Kbjbvq}r

Na|bve}r*****************************

9>* Vifqbej >6#>"#a" nja #i" el qci WFN }inav nv yjai}8

#>" N wymdbf vi}|njq bv vnba qe fekkbq qci ellijfi el f}bkbjnd

kbvfejayfq$

******************************************************************************************************************************************

****************************************************************#a"

bl ci$

#b" mr fe}}ywq e} bddiond kinjv$ emqnbjv le} cbkvidl e} le} njr eqci}

wi}vej njr |ndynmdi qcbjo e} wifyjbn}r na|njqnoi0 e}

#bb" mr nmyvbjo cbv wevbqbej nv n wymdbf vi}|njq$ emqnbjv le} cbkvidle} le} njr eqci} wi}vej njr |ndynmdi qcbjo e} wifyjbn}r na|njqnoi0 e}

#bbb" cbdi cedabjo ellbfi nv n wymdbf vi}|njq$ emqnbjv le} njr wi}vej

njr |ndynmdi qcbjo e} wifyjbn}r na|njqnoi bqceyq njr wymdbf bjqi}ivq0

e}

#i" bl ci e} njr wi}vej ej cbv micndl$ bv bj wevvivvbej e} cnv$ nq njr

qbki ay}bjo qcnq wi}bea el cbv ellbfi$ miij bj wevvivvbej le} cbfc


24/34

qci wymdbf vi}|njq fnjjeq vnqbvlnfqe}bdr nffeyjq$ el wifyjbn}r

}ivey}fiv e} w}ewi}qr abvw}ewe}qbejnqi qe cbv `jej vey}fiv el

bjfeki*

9=* Diq ki kn`i n m}bil vy}|ir el dn }idnqbjo qe fejvwb}nfr*

96* Bj nj nyqce}bqr }iwe}qia nv @icn} Vbjoc nja eqci}v \v* Vqnqi

#Aidcb Nakbjbvq}nqbej" #>223" 6 VFF


25/34

91* Bj nj njeqci} nyqce}bqr }iwe}qia nv Vqnqi \v* Jndbjb nja eqci}v

#>222" 9 VFF =96$ bq nv emvi}|ia mr qci Cej/mdi Vyw}iki Fey}q bj

wn}no}nwc 936 nv yjai}8

Veki el qci m}ena w}bjfbwdiv oe|i}jbjo qci dn el fejvwb}nfr knr mi

vykkn}bxia qceyoc$ nv qci jnki bkwdbiv$ n vykkn}r fnjjeq mi iscnyvqb|i

el qci w}bjfbwdiv*

>* Yjai} Vifqbej >=7N BWF ellijfi el f}bkbjnd fejvwb}nfr bv fekkbqqia

cij qe e} ke}i wi}vejv no}ii qe ae e} fnyvi qe mi aeji nj bddiond

nfq e} diond nfq mr bddiond kinjv* _cij bq bv n diond nfq mr bddiond

kinjv e|i}q nfq bv jifivvn}r* Ellijfi el f}bkbjnd fejvwb}nfr bv nj

isfiwqbej qe qci oiji}nd dn ci}i bjqijq ndeji aeiv jeq fejvqbqyqi

f}bki* Bq bv bjqijqbej qe fekkbq f}bki nja hebjbjo cnjav bqc wi}vejv

cn|bjo qci vnki bjqijqbej* Jeq ejdr qci bjqijqbej myq qci}i cnv qe mi

no}iikijq qe fn}}r eyq qci emhifq el qci bjqijqbej$ cbfc bv nj

ellijfi* Qci ~yivqbej le} fejvbai}nqbej bj n fnvi bv aba ndd qci

nffyvia cn|i qci bjqijqbej nja aba qcir no}ii qcnq qci f}bki mi

fekkbqqia* Bq eyda jeq mi ijeyoc le} qci ellijfi el fejvwb}nfr cijveki el qci nffyvi ki}idr ijqi}qnbjia n bvc$ cevei|i}$ bq knr mi$

qcnq ellijfi mi fekkbqqia*

=* Nfqv vymvi~yijq qe qci nfcbi|bjo el qci emhifq el fejvwb}nfr knr

qija qe w}e|i qcnq n wn}qbfydn} nffyvia nv wn}qr qe qci fejvwb}nfr*

Ejfi qci emhifq el fejvwb}nfr cnv miij nfcbi|ia$ njr vymvi~yijq nfq$

cbfc knr mi yjdnlyd$ eyda jeq knì qci nffyvia n wn}q el qci

fejvwb}nfr dbì ob|bjo vcidqi} qe nj nmvfejai}*

6* Fejvwb}nfr bv cnqfcia bj w}b|nqi e} vif}ifr* Bq bv }n}idr wevvbmdi

qe ivqnmdbvc n fejvwb}nfr mr ab}ifq i|baijfi* Yvynddr$ meqc qci

isbvqijfi el qci fejvwb}nfr nja bqv emhifqv cn|i qe mi bjli}}ia l}ek

qci fb}fykvqnjfiv nja qci fejayfq el qci nffyvia*

1* Fejvwb}nqe}v knr le} isnkwdi$ mi ij}eddia bj n fcnbj N ij}eddbjo

M$ M ij}eddbjo F$ nja ve ej0 nja ndd bdd mi kikmi}v el n vbjodi

fejvwb}nfr bl qcir ve bjqija nja no}ii$ i|ij qceyoc infc kikmi} `jev

ejdr qci wi}vej ce ij}eddia cbk nja qci wi}vej cek ci ij}edv* Qci}i

knr mi n `bja el ykm}iddnvweì ij}edkijq$ ci}i n vbjodi wi}vej nq

qci fijq}i aeiv qci ij}eddbjo nja ndd qci eqci} kikmi}v n}i yj`jej qe

infc eqci}$ qceyoc qcir `je qcnq qci}i n}i qe mi eqci} kikmi}v*

Qcivi n}i qcie}biv nja bj w}nfqbfi bq knr mi abllbfydq qe qidd cbfc

fejvwb}nfr bj n wn}qbfydn} fnvi lnddv bjqe cbfc fnqioe}r* Bq knrcei|i}$ i|ij e|i}dnw* Myq qcij qci}i cnv qe mi w}ivijq kyqynd

bjqi}ivq* Wi}vejv knr mi kikmi}v el vbjodi fejvwb}nfr i|ij qceyoc

infc bv boje}njq el qci baijqbqr el knjr eqci}v ce knr cn|i ab|i}vi

}ediv qe wdnr* Bq bv jeq n wn}q el qci f}bki el fejvwb}nfr qcnq ndd

qci fejvwb}nqe}v jiia qe no}ii qe wdnr qci vnki e} nj nfqb|i }edi*

9* _cij qe e} ke}i wi}vejv no}ii qe fekkbq n f}bki el fejvwb}nfr$

qcij }ion}adivv el kn`bjo e} fejvbai}bjo njr wdnjv le} bqv fekkbvvbej$


26/34

nja aivwbqi qci lnfq qcnq je vqiw bv qn`ij mr njr vyfc wi}vej qe fn}}r

eyq qcib} fekkej wy}wevi$ n f}bki bv fekkbqqia mr infc nja i|i}r eji

ce hebjv bj qci no}iikijq* Qci}i cnv qcyv qe mi qe fejvwb}nqe}v nja

qci}i knr mi ke}i qcnj qcnq* Qe w}e|i qci fcn}oi el fejvwb}nfr bq bv

jeq jifivvn}r qcnq bjqijaia f}bki nv fekkbqqia e} jeq* Bl fekkbqqia

bq knr ly}qci} cidw w}evifyqbej qe w}e|i qci fcn}oi el fejvwb}nfr*


27/34

no}iikijq bv$ bj fejqikwdnqbej el dn$ qci nfq el infc el qcik nja

qcir n}i hebjqdr }ivwejvbmdi qci}ile}* Qcbv kinjv qcnq i|i}rqcbjo

vnba$ }bqqij e} aeji mr njr el qci fejvwb}nqe}v bj isifyqbej e}

ly}qci}njfi el qci fekkej wy}wevi bv aiikia qe cn|i miij vnba$ aeji e}

}bqqij mr infc el qcik* Nja qcbv hebjq }ivwejvbmbdbqr isqijav jeq

ejdr qe cnq bv aeji mr njr el qci fejvwb}nqe}v wy}vynjq qe qci

e}bobjnd no}iikijq myq ndve qe feddnqi}nd nfqv bjfbaijqnd qe njao}ebjo eyq el qci e}bobjnd wy}wevi* N fejvwb}nqe} bv jeq

}ivwejvbmdi$ cei|i}$ le} nfqv aeji mr n fefejvwb}nqe} nlqi}

qi}kbjnqbej el qci fejvwb}nfr* Qci hebjai} el n fejvwb}nfr mr n ji

kikmi} aeiv jeq f}inqi n ji fejvwb}nfr je} aeiv bq fcnjoi qci vqnqyv

el qci eqci} fejvwb}nqe}v$ nja qci ki}i lnfq qcnq fejvwb}nqe}v

bjab|baynddr e} bj o}eywv wi}le}k ablli}ijq qnv`v qe n fekkej ija aeiv

jeq vwdbq yw n fejvwb}nfr bjqe vi|i}nd ablli}ijq fejvwb}nfbiv*

>7* N knj hebj n fejvwb}nfr mr e}a e} mr aiia* Cei|i}$ f}bkbjnd

}ivwejvbmbdbqr le} n fejvwb}nfr }i~yb}iv ke}i qcnj n ki}idr wnvvb|i

nqqbqyai qen}av nj isbvqbjo fejvwb}nfr* Eji ce fekkbqv nj e|i}q nfq

bqc `jediaoi el qci fejvwb}nfr bv oybdqr* Nja eji ce qnfbqdrfejvijqv qe qci emhifq el n fejvwb}nfr nja oeiv ndejo bqc eqci}

fejvwb}nqe}v$ nfqynddr vqnjabjo mr cbdi qci eqci}v wyq qci fejvwb}nfr

bjqe illifq$ bv oybdqr qceyoc ci bjqijav qe qn`i je nfqb|i wn}q bj qci

f}bki*

99* Ly}qci}ke}i$ bj nj nyqce}bqr }iwe}qia nv Vqnqi #JFQ el Aidcb" \v*

Jn|heq Vnjacy ndbnv Nlvnj Oy}y$ #=779" >> VFF 7>$ nv yjai}8

23* Nv webjqia eyq mr Lnxnd Ndb$ H*$ bj \* F* Vcy`dn |* Vqnqi #Aidcb

Nakj" 8 #VFF ww*


28/34

qci nffyvia* #\bai Ivci} Vbjoc |* Vqnqi el NW*"

>77* De}a M}baoi bj ]* |* Njai}vej nwqdr vnba qcnq qci i|baijfi l}ek

cbfc n hy}r knr bjli} n f}bkbjnd fejvwb}nfr bv ndkevq bj|n}bnmdr qe

mi leyja bj qci fejayfq el qci wn}qbiv* Bj Anjbid Reyqc |* ]* qci

W}b|r Feyjfbd n}jia qcnq bj n hebjq q}bnd fnvi kyvq mi qnìj qe

viwn}nqi qci nakbvvbmdi i|baijfi nonbjvq infc nffyvia nja qci hyabfbndkbja vceyda jeq mi nddeia qe mi bjldyijfia mr i|baijfi nakbvvbmdi

ejdr nonbjvq eqci}* N feailijanjq bj n fejvwb}nfr q}bnd$ emvi}|ia

Hnf`vej$ H$ #YV w*191"$ effywbiv nj yjinvr vinq nja bq bv abllbfydq

le} qci bjab|baynd qe knì cbv ej fnvi vqnja ej bqv ej ki}bqv bj qci

kbjav el hy}e}v ce n}i }inar qe midbi|i qcnq mb}av el n linqci} n}i

ldefìa qeoiqci}* #\bai Nd|bj @}ydibqfc |* Yjbqia Vqnqiv el

Nki}bfn*"

Bj Jndbjb fnvi _nacn$ H* webjqia eyq$ nq w* 9>? el VFF$ qci

jiia qe oyn}a nonbjvq w}ihyabfi mibjo fnyvia qe qci nffyvia ej nffeyjq

el hebjq q}bnd bqc eqci} fejvwb}nqe}v* Qci din}jia Hyaoi emvi}|ia

qcnq8 #VFF w* 9>?$ wn}n 936"

Qci}i bv ndnrv abllbfydqr bj q}nfbjo qci w}ifbvi fejq}bmyqbej

el infc kikmi} el qci fejvwb}nfr myq qcij qci}i cnv qe mi feoijq nja

fej|bjfbjo i|baijfi nonbjvq infc eji el qci nffyvia fcn}oia bqc qci

ellijfi el fejvwb}nfr*

Qci wi}qbjijq emvi}|nqbej el Hyaoi Cnja bj Y*V* |* Lndfeji nv

}ili}}ia qe8 #VFF w* 9>>$ wn}n 9?="

Qci abvqbjfqbej bv ivwifbnddr bkwe}qnjq qeanr cij ve knjr

w}evifyqe}v vii` qe viiw bqcbj qci a}nojiq el fejvwb}nfr ndd qcevi

ce cn|i miij nvvefbnqia bj njr aio}ii cnqi|i} bqc qci knbj

ellijai}v*

Nq wn}n 9>3$ _nacn$ H*$ webjqia eyq qcnq qci f}bkbjnd

}ivwejvbmbdbqr le} n fejvwb}nfr }i~yb}iv ke}i qcnj n ki}idr wnvvb|i

nqqbqyai qen}av nj isbvqbjo fejvwb}nfr* Qci din}jia Hyaoi qcij viq

eyq qci diond wevbqbej }ion}abjo qci f}bkbjnd dbnmbdbqr el qci wi}vejv

nffyvia el qci fejvwb}nfr nv leddev8 #VFF w* 9>3$ wn}n 936"

Eji ce fekkbqv nj e|i}q nfq bqc `jediaoi el qci fejvwb}nfr

bv oybdqr* Nja eji ce qnfbqdr fejvijqv qe qci emhifq el n fejvwb}nfr

nja oeiv ndejo bqc eqci} fejvwb}nqe}v$ nfqynddr vqnjabjo mr cbdi qcieqci}v wyq qci fejvwb}nfr bjqe illifq$ bv oybdqr qceyoc ci bjqijav qe

qnì je nfqb|i wn}q bj qci f}bki*

>7>* Eji ke}i w}bjfbwdi cbfc aivi}|iv jeqbfi bv qcnq qci fykydnqb|i

illifq el qci w}e|ia fb}fykvqnjfiv vceyda mi qnìj bjqe nffeyjq bj

aiqi}kbjbjo qci oybdq el qci nffyvia }nqci} qcnj naewqbjo nj bvednqia

nww}enfc qe infc el qci fb}fykvqnjfiv* El fey}vi$ infc eji el qci

fb}fykvqnjfiv vceyda mi w}e|ia mireja }invejnmdi aeymq* Dnvqdr$ bj


29/34

}ion}a qe qci nww}ifbnqbej el i|baijfi }idnqbjo qe qci fejvwb}nfr$ qci

Fey}q kyvq qn`i fn}i qe vii qcnq qci nfqv e} fejayfq el qci wn}qbiv

kyvq mi fejvfbeyv nja fdin} ijeyoc qe bjli} qcib} fejfy}}ijfi nv qe

qci fekkej aivboj nja bqv isifyqbej* @* H* Vciqqr$ H*$ webjqia eyq bj

@icn} Vbjoc fnvi qcnq 8 #VFF w* ??6$ wn}n =?7* Bj Vqnqi el Wyjhnm |* ]nk Vbjoc bq nv vqnqia8

/9* Kbvfejayfq cnv miij ailbjia bj Mdnf`/v DnAbfqbejn}r$


30/34

Kbvfejayfq bj ellbfi cnv miij ailbjia nv8

//Kbvfejayfq bj ellbfi Njr yjdnlyd micn|be} mr n wymdbf

ellbfi} bj }idnqbej qe qci ayqbiv el cbv ellbfi$ bddlyd bj fcn}nfqi}*

Qi}k ikm}nfiv nfqv cbfc qci ellbfi cedai} cna je }bocq qe wi}le}k$

nfqv wi}le}kia bkw}ewi}dr$ nja lnbdy}i qe nfq bj qci lnfq el njnllb}knqb|i ayqr qe nfq*//

>>* Bj W* ]nknjnqcn Nbrn}/v Dn Disbfej$ 6}a Iaj*$ nq w* 67=?$

qci qi}k /kbvfejayfq/ cnv miij ailbjia nv yjai}8

/Kbvfejayfq*Qci qi}k //kbvfejayfq// bkwdbiv n }ejolyd

bjqijqbej$ nja jeq n ki}i i}}e} el hyaokijq*

KBVFEJAYFQ bv jeq jifivvn}bdr qci vnki qcbjo nv fejayfq

bj|ed|bjo ke}nd qy}wbqyai*

Qci e}a //kbvfejayfq// bv n }idnqb|i qi}k$ nja cnv qe mifejvq}yia bqc }ili}ijfi qe qci vymhifqknqqi} nja qci fejqisq ci}ibj

qci qi}k effy}v$ cn|bjo }ion}a qe qci vfewi el qci Nfq e} vqnqyqi

cbfc bv mibjo$ fejvq}yia* //Kbvfejayfq// dbqi}nddr kinjv }ejo

fejayfq e} bkw}ewi} fejayfq*/

93* Qe kn`i fejayfq$ f}bkbjnd kbvfejayfq bqcbj qci kinjbjo el WF

Nfq$ bq nv emvi}|ia bj wn}no}nwcv 69 nja 1? nv yjai}8

//69* Vifqbej >6 el qci Nfq w}e|baiv le} f}bkbjnd kbvfejayfq mr n

wymdbf vi}|njq* Vyfc nj ellijfi el f}bkbjnd kbvfejayfq mr n wymdbf

vi}|njq fnj mi vnba qe cn|i miij fekkbqqia bl bj qi}kv el Vifqbejv

>6#>"#a"#bb"#bbb" n wymdbf vi}|njq nmyviv bqv wevbqbej nja emqnbjv

le} cbkvidl e} le} njr eqci} wi}vej njr |ndynmdi qcbjo e} wifyjbn}r

na|njqnoi0 e} cbdi cedabjo ellbfi nv n wymdbf vi}|njq$ emqnbjv le}

njr wi}vej njr |ndynmdi qcbjo e} wifyjbn}r na|njqnoi bqceyq njr

wymdbf bjqi}ivq* Vymvifqbej #=" el Vifqbej >6 w}e|baiv qcnq njr

wymdbf vi}|njq ce fekkbqv f}bkbjnd kbvfejayfq vcndd mi wyjbvcnmdi

bqc bkw}bvejkijq le} n qi}k cbfc vcndd mi jeq divv qcnj eji rin} myq

cbfc knr isqija qe vi|ij rin}v nja vcndd ndve mi dbnmdi qe lbji*

1?* I|ij yjai} qci Nfq$ nj ellijfi fnjjeq mi vnba qe cn|i miij

fekkbqqia ejdr mifnyvi qci wymdbf vi}|njq cnv emqnbjia ibqci} le}cbkvidl e} le} njr eqci} wi}vej njr wifyjbn}r na|njqnoi* Ci kyvq ae

ve mr nmyvbjo cbv wevbqbej nv n wymdbf vi}|njq e} cedabjo ellbfi nv n

wymdbf vi}|njq* Bj qci dnqqi} fnqioe}r el fnviv$ nmvijfi el njr

wymdbf bjqi}ivq bv n vbji ~yn jej* Qci knqi}bndv m}eyocq ej }ife}a ae

jeq vyooivq bj njr knjji} cnqvei|i} qcnq ]ivwejaijqv > qe ? ibqci}

cna nmyvia wevbqbej e} cna emqnbjia wifyjbn}r na|njqnoi le}

]ivwejaijqv 3$ 2$ nja >7$ cbfc nv bqceyq njr wymdbf bjqi}ivq*//


31/34

#Ndd yjai}dbjbjov mr ki le} vywwdrbjo ikwcnvbv"*

92* N mn}i wi}yvnd el qci nddionqbejv nja qci i|baijfi$ dia bj

vywwe}q qci}iel$ }i|indv qcnq jibqci} n}i qci}i njr nddionqbejv je} bv

i|baijfi nonbjvq K}* W* Fcbankmn}nk qe qci illifq qcnq ci wdnria njr

}edi bj qci vym|i}vbej el qci w}efivv el bvvynjfi el diqqi}v el bjqijq#DEB"$ YNV Dbfijfiv nja nddefnqbej el vwifq}yk bj qci rin}v =77?73*

Qci vym|i}vbej el qci w}efivv el bvvynjfi el diqqi}v el bjqijq$ YNV

Dbfijfiv nja nddefnqbej el vwifq}yk bjfdyaia n}mbq}n}r lbsnqbej el qci

fyqell anqi$ lbdbjo nja w}efy}bjo el nwwdbfnqbejv le} YNV Dbfijfiv ej

micndl el bjidbobmdi fekwnjbiv$ |bednqbej el lb}vqfeki lb}vqvi}|ia

wedbfr bj qci bvvynjfi el DEBv$ YNV Dbfijfiv nja nddefnqbej el

vwifq}yk nja wnrkijq nja }ifibwq el m}bmi* Ndd qcivi bjf}bkbjnqbjo

nfqv i}i nddioiadr aeji mr qci Kbjbvqi}% ellbfbndv el Aiwn}qkijq el

Qidifekkyjbfnqbejv$ Kbjbvq}r el Bjle}knqbej nja M}enafnvqbjo$

Oe|i}jkijq el Bjabn nja mr w}b|nqi wi}vejv*

di|id

nja wi}kbqqbjo qe fekwnjbiv$ cbfc }ifib|ia qci dbfijfi$ jnkidr$ Vnj

nja Yjbqifc$ qe abdyqi qcib} vcn}iv i|ij mile}i }eddeyq el qcib}

vi}|bfiv*

* Cei|i}$ meqc el qcivi nfqv$ nqq}bmyqia qe cbk$ n}i jeq wi} vi

bddiond e} |bednqb|i el njr dn* Ci no}iia bqc K}* N* ]nhn jeq qe

}i|bvi e} }i|bvbq qci ijq}r lii e} vwifq}yk fcn}oi nv abvfe|i}ia bj

=77>* Jej}i|bvbej el w}bfiv bv jeq nj bddiond nfq mr bqvidl* Qci

fekwiqijq nyqce}bqr bv ndnrv nq dbmi}qr qe aifbai bj bqv abvf}iqbej

qe jeq qe }i|bvi qci w}bfiv e} lii le} njr oeeav e} vi}|bfiv* Qci vnki

ijq}r lii% vwifq}yk fcn}oiv fejqbjyia i|ij nlqi} =77?73* Vnki bv qci

fnvi bqc abdyqbej el i~ybqr mr n fekwnjr* Bq bv jeq wi} vi bddiond

je} nv bq w}ecbmbqia nq qci }idi|njq qbki* Cei|i}$ vyfc nfqv knr

nf~yb}i f}bkbjnd fedey}% e|i}qejiv cij aeji bqc f}bkbjnd bjqijq*


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le} qci }invej qcnq qcivi nfqv i}i nffekwnjbia mr ly}qci} nfqv el

vym|i}qbjo qci ivqnmdbvcia wedbfr nja w}efiay}i le} o}njq el YNV

Dbfijfiv nja qci wnrkijq nja }ifibwq el m}bmi mr eqci} nffyvia$ ce

vqnja fcn}oia nja n}i lnfbjo q}bnd*

nyfqbej$ le} vwifq}yk dbfijfiv5

#bbb" _ciqci} K}* W* Fcbankmn}nk aidbmi}nqidr nddeia abdyqbej el

i~ybqr mr qci qe fekwnjbiv$ qcnq bv$ Vnj Qidifek #W" Dbkbqia nja

Yjbqifc _b}idivv #Qnkbd Jnay" Dbkbqia5

#b|" Bl ve$ ciqci} qcivi lnfqv w}bkn lnfbi vce f}bkbjnd fydwnmbdbqrel K}* W* Fcbanknmn}nk ndve ndejobqc K}* N* ]nhn5

#|" _ciqci} qci}i bv njr knqi}bnd ej }ife}a qe vce f}bkbjnd

fydwnmbdbqr el K}* W* Fcbankmn}nk5

nja ndve qeda K}* N* ]nhn

qcnq qci}i bv je jiia qe }i|bvbq qci vnki* Qcbv aifbvbej nv

vymvi~yijqdr fej|iria qe qci Cejmdi W}bki Kbjbvqi} ndve* Qe qcnq

isqijq$ qci}i bv knqi}bnd ej }ife}a*


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Bq kyvq cn|i qci qnbjq el yvi el fe}}ywq e} bddiond kinjv e} nmyvi el

cbv ellbfbnd wevbqbej mr wymdbf vi}|njq le} emqnbjbjo wifyjbn}r

na|njqnoi mr cbk le} cbkvidl e} le} njr eqci} wi}vej e} emqnbjbjo el

wifyjbn}r na|njqnoi mr cbk bqceyq njr wymdbf bjqi}ivq* Qci}i bv je

knqi}bnd ej }ife}a qe vyooivq qcnq K}* Fcbankmn}nk nv nfqbjo bqc

vyfc fe}}ywq e} bddiond keqb|iv e} nv bj nmyvi el cbv ellbfbnd

wevbqbej$ cbdi fejvijqbjo qe qci qe aifbvbejv* Qci}i bv je i|baijfiqcnq ci emqnbjia njr wifyjbn}r na|njqnoi bqceyq njr wymdbf bjqi}ivq*

B knr naa qcnq qci}i bv vyfc bjf}bkbjnqbjo knqi}bnd nonbjvq eqci}

nffyvia wi}vejv$ ce vqnja fcn}oia nja n}i lnfbjo q}bnd*

=* #E* W* VNBJB"


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Vwd* Hyaoi% FMB#71"#=O Vwifq}yk Fnviv"%JA

Special Court verdict on Swamy's plea against Chidambaram

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