Spatial Transparency: A Case Study of Advocacy Work in West Kalimantan ARIF MUNANDAR [email protected] Website : www.swandiri.org
Aug 17, 2015
Spatial Transparency: A Case Study of Advocacy Work
in West Kalimantan
ARIF MUNANDAR
Website : www.swandiri.org
Bauxite is the primary raw feed material used in the production of aluminium
transportation, automotives, aircraft, etc.
construction and infrastructure
packaging, beverages, etc.
consumer products, furniture, household goods, etc.
power and electrical equipment
- 10 20 30 40 (Source : http://www.alufermining.com/about_bauxite)
World Bauxite Trade
Source : https://thebauxiteindex.com/en/cbix/industry-101/bauxite-101/bauxite-trade
Indonesia : Biggest Exporter of bauxite West Kalimantan : Biggest Producer in Indonesia China is the biggest importer, WHILE Canada is the 5th biggest importer
Cause & Direct Impact:• Spatial planning = transaction process of interest groups ignoring the
rights of community• The limited access of information & spatial data = regulation violation &
corruption• Commodification of Spatial• Social conflict and environmental damages
Total Area 14,915,966 ha 100%Concession for Extractive Industry
Size (ha) %
Oil Palm 4,962,022.28 33%
Logging Concession 2,808,902.00 19%
Timber Plantation 6,581,911.00 44%
Mining 5,074,338.81 34%
*Total 19,427,174.09 130%
Overview of West Kalimantan
Land Use in West Kalimantan
The concession area of 140.013 ha for palm oil, mining and timber in Tayan Hilir Sub-District, Sanggau District West Kalimatan approximately 117% of the total area
Concession Area Bigger then Total area
Mining Oil Palm Logging
Conservation Forest
No Go No Go No Go
Protection Forest
No Go for open mining except
underground/close pit
No Go No Go
Production Forest
Go [with permissions from
Minister of Forestry and Consent of DPR
[legislative]
No Go or Go in Conversion production Forest with
Forest release Permit
Go in Limited Production
Forest
Violation of regulation
Forest Type Mining Oil Palm Logging
Conservation 3,555.44 4,970.47 No Go
Protection 141,097.78 56,586.11 No Go
Production 1,955,119.88 377,646.91 Go in Limited Production
Forest
Reality in the Field
Indonesia Government Confirmation on mining permit problems
Conservation (Ha) Protected (Ha) Production (Ha) 2,532 135,156 1,868
Total Mining License 682 Non Clear and Clean License 312
Overlap Same Commodity 32
Overlap Different Commodity 55
Overlap Authority 8 Administration 218 Mining Case 318
Overlap between mining and forest
2,099,773.10 HaMining in Forest Area
Potential Financial losses from Land Rent
Ketapan
g
Sangg
au
Kapuas
Hulu
Melaw
i
Sintan
g
Landak
Kayong U
tara
Kubu Raya
Bengkay
ang
mempawah
Seka
dau
Sambas
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70People in the poverty (.000) Financial Lost Mining Land Rent ($100k)
Distict Name
This drone map shows violation of the law by mining company, Semenduk lake polluted by operation of bauxite company.
Operate Outside The Concession
Destruction of Sacred and Important Place
Sebayan Mount (slope >45 degree) degraded by extractive company. This mount provide water supply for nearby villages
Satok hill degraded by bauxite mining company, this hill is the place of worship for indigenous people of Dayak
Customary Forest area in Subah Village, participatory mapping using drone as counter mapping for government map
Participatory Mapping by community found that current spatial planning ignored their customary tenurial rights
Consolidating community movement• Participatory Mapping to protect tenurial
rights such as customary forest, settlement, agriculture, community plantation etc
• Policy advocacy such as Free Prior Inform Concern (FPIC), Revenue-sharing to impacted area, local employment, CSR Program, Recognition of community rights, etc
• Budget Transparency from extractive sector Revenue
Inclusive Technology
ONE MAP from CSO Perspective : Analyzing Government Map
http://editor.giscloud.com/map/230430/eispatialtransparency
Some ongoing impact
• Constitutional Court Decision No. 10 /PUU-XII/2014 decided that the mining company to perform its obligations to build smelter.
• provincial spatial planning accommodated public concern on re-arrangement such as settlements, agriculture, smallholder, villages and Customary Forest Area.
• Commission of Corruption Eradication (KPK) evaluated and reviewed all overlapping License because of potential financial loss
• Forest ministry of Indonesia declared that all lakes (both the polluted and natural) in Tayan District are prohibited from any kind of use
• More to come...