tial Groundings for Meaningful Sym Stefan Dietze a , Vlad Tanasescu b a Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK, [email protected]. b Cultures of Legibility project, School of Arts, The University of Edinburgh, [email protected].
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Spatial Groundings for Meaningful Symbols
Stefan Dietzea, Vlad Tanasescub
a Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK, [email protected] Cultures of Legibility project, School of Arts, The University of Edinburgh, [email protected].
Meaning – Similarity - Interoperability
<owl:Class rdf:ID="Color">
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Class rdf:ID="PhysicalQuality"/>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
</owl:Class>
<Color rdf:ID="Lilac"/>
<owl:Class rdf:ID="Colour">
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Class rdf:ID="Quality"/>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
</owl:Class>
<Colour rdf:ID="Purple"/>
?
Symbol grounding problem:
Ontological symbols lack meaningful grounding in reality (or cognitive dimensions)
Stefan Dietze & Vlad Tanasescu - Spatial Groundings for Meaningful SymbolsWorkshop on Matching and Meaning, AISB, April 9th 2009, Edinburgh, UK
Meaning – Similarity - Interoperability
<owl:Class rdf:ID="Color">
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Class rdf:ID="PhysicalQuality"/>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
</owl:Class>
<Color rdf:ID="Lilac"/>
<owl:Class rdf:ID="Colour">
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Class rdf:ID="Quality"/>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
</owl:Class>
<Colour rdf:ID="Purple"/>
Symbol grounding problem:
Ontological symbols lack meaningful grounding in reality (or cognitive dimensions) Reasoning about similarity between symbols difficult
Stefan Dietze & Vlad Tanasescu - Spatial Groundings for Meaningful SymbolsWorkshop on Matching and Meaning, AISB, April 9th 2009, Edinburgh, UK
?
Meaning – Similarity - Interoperability
<owl:Class rdf:ID="Color">
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Class rdf:ID="PhysicalQuality"/>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
</owl:Class>
<Color rdf:ID="Lilac"/>
<owl:Class rdf:ID="Colour">
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Class rdf:ID="Quality"/>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
</owl:Class>
<Colour rdf:ID="Purple"/>
linguistic similarity?
linguistic similarity?
structural similarity?
Symbol grounding problem:
Ontological symbols lack meaningful grounding in reality (or cognitive dimensions) Reasoning about similarity between symbols difficult Ontology interoperability needs to be based on (a) manual mappings or (b) linguistic or structural similarities (costly and error-prone) Need for grounded symbols allowing for implicit similarity representations
Stefan Dietze & Vlad Tanasescu - Spatial Groundings for Meaningful SymbolsWorkshop on Matching and Meaning, AISB, April 9th 2009, Edinburgh, UK
Meaning – Similarity - Interoperability Two approaches to more meaningful symbols…
…based on grounding ontologies in:
(a) Conceptual Spaces (b) Processual Spacetime
Stefan Dietze & Vlad Tanasescu - Spatial Groundings for Meaningful SymbolsWorkshop on Matching and Meaning, AISB, April 9th 2009, Edinburgh, UK
Stefan Dietze & Vlad Tanasescu - Spatial Groundings for Meaningful SymbolsWorkshop on Matching and Meaning, AISB, April 9th 2009, Edinburgh, UK
car
user1
user2
user3
wheelswheel
travel
vehicle
Processual spacetime :
Extreme Tagging Systems (ETS) :
• Instances considered as Processes in space and time rather than Things.• Concepts as abstract process occurrences, i.e. probabilities that a process has a given set of characteristics.• Copresence or cooccurrence relations: indicator of a significant probability that entities occur in the same spacetime region. E.g. `university’ and `campus’.
• Entities are the result of discrimination (Harnad 1990), they are differences.• Collaborative tagging systems provide an appropriate model for descriptive discrimination.•Extreme Tagging Systems (ETS), or Tagging the Tags, provides an appropriate model for spatiotemporal process exploration. How?
Grounding ontologies in Processual Spacetime IIWe adopt an associative network model in which a limited number of mental relations can be used to describe the association processes:
• Co-occurrence: significant probability of co-presence of the two elements in a region of spacetime. E.g. ‘car’ and ‘wheels’.• Similarity: the concepts appear similar. E.g. ‘pub’ and ‘bar’.• Cause-effect: causal relation. E.g. ‘weapon’ and ‘death’• …
Stefan Dietze & Vlad Tanasescu - Spatial Groundings for Meaningful SymbolsWorkshop on Matching and Meaning, AISB, April 9th 2009, Edinburgh, UK
• Application: in the Cultures of Legibility project, interview data about places and itineraries is projected on an ETS for automatic inference
Stefan Dietze & Vlad Tanasescu - Spatial Groundings for Meaningful SymbolsWorkshop on Matching and Meaning, AISB, April 9th 2009, Edinburgh, UK