ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻲ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺳﺎل اول ، ﺷﻤﺎره ﺳﻮم ، زﻣﺴﺘﺎن1392 35 International Bulletin of Water Resources & Development (IBWRD), Vol. (I)– No. 03- Winter 2014 All rights reserved for IBWRD Spatial Biosystemic Analysis Using Climatic Variables to Optimize Thermal Energy Consumption Alireza Shokoohi Water Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran ([email protected]) Received: 21 February 2014 Accepted: 07 March 2014 Published: March 16, 2014 Abstract The energy consumption for heating and cooling of the living environment, to provide a standard limit of comfort, should be at an optimum level. One of the best procedures for determining the comfort threshold is the use of two thermal indices called “the heating degree day and the cooling degree day”. These two indices are used to determine the energy requirements for building heating in cool seasons and cooling in warm seasons. In this research, a method for spatial representation of these two indices is presented and the procedure to find the critical points and their departure from comfort threshold is described. By implementing the presented algorithm, one can define the relationship between the thermal indices and fossil and non-fossil fuel thermal values and on this basis predicts energy requirement in a region. The case study was Qazvin city for which spatial distribution of the heating and cooling requirements was obtained and mapped in the GIS environment by developing an existing biosystem model and implementing a special method to input data. Keywords: Optimum Thermal Energy Consumption, Spatial Biosystem Analysis, Thermal Index, Comfort Threshold ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺑﻴﻮﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻲ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎي اﻗﻠﻴﻤﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﺮﺿﺎ ﺷﻜﻮﻫﻲ ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ آب، داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻓﻨﻲ و ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺑﻴﻦ، ﻗﺰوﻳﻦ،(ره) اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ اﻣﺎم ﺧﻤﻴﻨﻲ) [email protected]( ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ درﻳﺎﻓﺖ:02 / 12 / 1392 ، ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش:16 / 12 / 1392 ، ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر:25 / 12 / 1392 ﭼﻜﻴﺪه ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ و ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ آﺳﺎﻳﺶ ، ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﺣﺪي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد و در ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎل ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ آﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ آﺳﺎﻳﺶ، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از دو اﻧﺪﻛﺲ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ” درﺟﻪ روز ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ و ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ“ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار اﻧﺮژي ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻻزم ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮم و ﺳﺮد ﻛﺮدن ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن در ﻓﺼﻮل ﺳﺮد و ﮔﺮم ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ. در اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮردي در ﺷﻬﺮ ﻗﺰوﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎر ﻣﻲ آﻳﺪ، ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻲ اﻳﻦ دو اﻧﺪﻛﺲ را ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ و از آن ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻧﻘﺎط ﺑﺤﺮاﻧﻲ و ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ آن ﻫﺎ از ﻣﺮز آﺳﺎﻳﺶ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻛﺮد. ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه در اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ و ﺑﺮﻗﺮاري ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﻴﺎن اﻧﺪﻛﺲ ﻫﺎي ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ و ﻣﻴﺰان ﻣﺼﺮف ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻓﺴﻴﻠﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮ ﻓﺴﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﻴﺰان ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﺮاي دوره ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ دﺳﺖ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ. در ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﭘﻴﺶ رو، ﻣﺪل ﺑﻴﻮﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ داده ﺷﺪ ه و ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻲ” ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ و ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ“ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روﺷ ﻲ ﺧﺎص ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ورودي ﻣﺪل، ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ و ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﻫﺎي آن در ﻣﺤﻴﻂGIS ﺗﻬﻴﻪ و اراﺋﻪ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه اﺳﺖ. واژه ﻫﺎي ﻛﻠﻴﺪي: ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ اﻧﺮژي ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ، ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺑﻴﻮﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻲ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻲ، اﻧﺪﻛﺲ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ، آﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ آﺳﺎﻳﺶ1 . ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﻳﻜﻲ از ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت ﺣﻴﺎت ﺑﺮ روي ﻛﺮه زﻣﻴﻦ، ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺷﺮا ﻳﻂ اﻗﻠﻴﻤﻲ ﺑﺮ روي ﻣﺤﻴﻂ و ﻣﻮﺟﻮدات زﻧﺪه اﻋﻢ از ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن و ﺟﺎﻧﻮران اﺳﺖ. اﻧﺴﺎن ﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ اﻗﻠﻴﻤﻲ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ اﻃﺮاف ﺧﻮد واﻛﻨﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﻨﺪ. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ روش ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﭘﺬﻳﺮي اﻧﺴﺎن از ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ آب و ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ را ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ،Available online at: www.waterdevelop.com Vol. (I)– No. 03- Winter 2014 4 th Article– P. 35- 45 IBWRD International Bulletin of Water Resources & Development ISSN 2345 - 5012
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1392 ، زمستانسوم، شماره اول سال المللي پژوهشي تحليلي منابع آب و توسعه فصلنامه بين
35
International Bulletin of Water Resources & Development (IBWRD), Vol. (I)– No. 03- Winter 2014 All rights reserved for IBWRD
Spatial Biosystemic Analysis Using Climatic Variables to Optimize
Thermal Energy Consumption
Alireza Shokoohi
Water Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
Received: 21 February 2014 Accepted: 07 March 2014 Published: March 16, 2014
Abstract
The energy consumption for heating and cooling of the living environment, to provide a standard limit of comfort, should be at an optimum level. One of the best procedures for determining the comfort threshold is the use of two thermal indices called “the
heating degree day and the cooling degree day”. These two indices are used to determine the energy requirements for building heating in cool seasons and cooling in warm seasons. In this research, a method for spatial representation of these two indices is
presented and the procedure to find the critical points and their departure from comfort threshold is described. By implementing
the presented algorithm, one can define the relationship between the thermal indices and fossil and non-fossil fuel thermal values and on this basis predicts energy requirement in a region. The case study was Qazvin city for which spatial distribution of the
heating and cooling requirements was obtained and mapped in the GIS environment by developing an existing biosystem model and implementing a special method to input data.
سازي مصرف انرژي حرارتي با استفاده از متغيرهاي اقليمي به منظور بهينه فضاييتحليل بيوسيستمي
عليرضا شكوهي )[email protected](المللي امام خميني (ره)، قزوين، گروه مهندسي آب، دانشكده فني و مهندسي، دانشگاه بين
25/12/1392تاريخ انتشار: ،16/12/1392، تاريخ پذيرش: 02/12/1392تاريخ دريافت:
چكيده
باشد. يكي از مباني تعيين آستانه آسايش، استفاده از دو و در عين حال بهينه در حدي استاندارد ، بايدتأمين آسايش براي مصرف انرژي براي گرمايش و سرمايش محيط زندگي
. گيرند مورد استفاده قرار ميكردن ساختمان در فصول سرد و گرم و سرد است كه براي تعيين مقدار انرژي پايه الزم براي گرم “درجه روز گرمايشي و سرمايشي” اندكس حرارتي
توان توزيع مكاني اين دو اندكس را محاسبه و از آن براي تعيين نقاط نشان داده شده است كه چگونه مي آيد، به شمار ميكه يك مطالعه موردي در شهر قزوين در اين تحقيق
هاي فسيلي و غير سوختهاي حرارتي و ميزان مصرف با استفاده از روش ارائه شده در اين تحقيق و برقراري ارتباط ميان اندكس. استفاده كردها از مرز آسايش بحراني و فاصله آن
نياز به ”توزيع فضايي ه وتوسعه داده شدموجود بيوسيستمي مدل در پژوهش پيش رو، بيني دست يافت. بيني ميزان سوخت مورد نياز در منطقه براي دوره پيش توان به پيش فسيلي مي
است. گرديدهتهيه و ارائه GISدر محيط هاي آن نقشهو تعيين، براي تأمين اطالعات ورودي مدل خاص يروشبا استفاده از “گرمايش و سرمايش