Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7) [email protected]Olivier NOTEBAERT - Data Processing and Advanced Studies SpaceWire use on future space systems SpaceWire Working Group Meeting N°5 ISAS/JAXA, Japan - 15-17 November 2005 • High speed data links on recent spacecrafts • Needs for high speed data links • High speed data links on future missions
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Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
SIRAL: SAR/Interferometric Radar Altimeter that measures the ice elevationDORIS: Doppler Orbit and Radio Positioning Integration by Satellite that allows very precise orbit determination
Page 7 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
High speed data links on recent spacecraftsCryosat (ESA)
File and Packet Control (FPC) Interfaces between MMS, UIC, TMF and the Memory ModulesControls the data flow via a Switching MatrixSW handling of files and packets
Mil BusController
'MIC'
Memory System Supervisor'MSS'
DC / DCConverter
MemoryModule'MM1'
File andPacket
Controller'FPC'
Input-UIC'UIC'
Output-UIC'TMF'
Communication Switching Matrix 'CSM'
Memory Module Power ControlControl Bus
TM/TCMIL-1553
to/fromCDMU
IEEE 1355(25 Mbps)
from SIRALInstrument
IEEE 1355
ECLto QPSK-Mod.
to Test Interface
MemoryModule'MM0'
Memory Module Control Link (RS232)
R edundantFunction- ac tive and- co ld redundant
ECL
(2 x 50 Mbps)
(2 x 50 Mbps)
Data Channel 1
(25 Mbps)Data Channel 2
Control Bus
CryoSat Memory Module and Formatting Unit
Page 8 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
High speed data links on recent spacecraftsRosetta (ESA)
Rosetta Mission10-years long cruise toward comet 67P/Churyumov-GerasimenkoFly-by at least one asteroid during the cruise phase.In-orbit comet scientific observations during one year down to the comet perihelionLand smoothly on the comet surface a Science Package (named RoLand) for in-situ measurementsLaunched in 02/2004
Initial scenario with comet Wirtanen and asteroids flybys
Page 9 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
High speed data links on recent spacecraftsRosetta: On board communications
Standard Avionics Command Control on OBDHRemote Terminal Units on OBDH with discrete links to instruments (11 P/L instruments)IEEE 1355 serial data link between the different data processing nodes and the Solid State Mass Memory
2 P/L Instruments (VIRTIS@400Kbps, OSIRIS@4Mbps)Navigation camera4 Avionics processor modules (5Mbps, redounded)Redounded link to Transfer Frame Generator for telemetry
Mass memory access with File management System
Page 10 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
High speed data links on recent spacecraftsRosetta (ESA)
1355 (SpaceWire) links
Page 11 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
High speed data links on recent spacecraftsMars Express (ESA)
Mars exploration6 months cruise to Mars followed by planetary observation from orbital position First contribution of the European nations to Mars explorationHigh Resolution stereoscopic Camera producing 25Mbps of digitalised and compressed data
Large re-uses of the Rosetta design with adaptations
Perth35 m Station
Cruise
0 to 2 KbpsS-X BandUplink
19 to 230 KbpsX Band TM
MAT 10399 C
LanderEjection
RemoteSensing andLander Relay
G3-Ub Orbit
Soyuz Launchfrom Baikonur (June 2003)
- Pericentre 260 km Alt.- Apocentre 11560-10110 km Alt.- Inclination 86 deg.
DataDownlink
High Resolution Stereoscopic Camera
Page 12 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
High speed data links on recent spacecraftsPlanetary exploration: Mars Express
Page 13 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
High speed data links on recent spacecraftsVenus Express (ESA)
Venus Exploration5 months cruise to Venus5 days to manoeuvre into its operation orbit, looping aroundthe poles of the planet2 days* to study the atmosphere, the plasma environment, and the surface of Venus in great detail7 InstrumentsJust launched (November 9th)
Re-uses the design of Mars express with adaptations
* 2 days on Venus = 500 Earth days !
Page 14 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
High speed data links on recent spacecraftsSummary
Missions Payload Data Data links Data rate Number (without redundancies)
Olivier NOTEBAERT - Data Processing and Advanced Studies
SpaceWire use on future space systemsSpaceWire Working Group Meeting N°5ISAS/JAXA, Japan - 15-17 November 2005
• High speed data links on recent spacecrafts
• Needs for high speed data links
• High speed data links on future missions
Page 16 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
The need for High Speed data-linksGeneral trend for future missions
New missions call for new requirementsRobotics, Autonomy, Security, formation flying…New instruments technology generates more on-board data(and TM rates cannot increase accordingly)SW development techniques raises CPU use & data volumes
General increase of on-board data processing needs (performance, volumes and transfer rates)Need for overall budget reductions
Power consumption reductionMass and Volume reductionOperational costs: reduction of the satellites dependence beside ground (i.e. mission autonomy)Manufacturing delay reduction (parallel development, AIT)Costs
Technology upgrade enforcing re-usable solutions
Page 17 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
The need for High Speed data-linksAdvanced studies in support to future applications
Advanced studies
Aurora Avionics Architecture System Definition (A3SysDef)
Payload Data Processing Architectures (PaDaPAr)
Generic Architecture for Mass Memory Access (GAMMA)
Distributed Core SW (DISCO)
Page 18 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
Aurora Avionics Architecture System DefinitionContext for Planetary Exploration Missions
Page 19 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
Aurora Avionics Architecture System DefinitionStudy Objective
To define an avionics reference architecture suitable to support different Mars exploration missions and vehicles
Taking into account Bepi-Colombo pre-development assets(Highly Integrated Control and Data System-HICDS)Based on a core of mission independent functionsConsistent with the communication standardisation (CCSDS/SOIS)Able to ease the integration of new technology items during the long time frame of the Aurora Programme
Page 20 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
Aurora Avionics Architecture System DefinitionMain User Requirements & Design Drivers
Page 21 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
Aurora Avionics Architecture System DefinitionFunctional Architecture and Performance Requirements
Very large scale of functions and performancesWe can define generic data processing functions
Communications (on-board, between spacecrafts, with ground) Command and ControlFailure Detection Isolation and RecoveryAutonomy
Need to cope with different properties…Wide range of spacecrafts bus and instruments performancesReliability, Availability, Safety issuesOperational and maintenance requirementsMission profile (Technology constraints, Qualification levels…)
MODULAR ARCHITECTURENeed for a scalable set of HW and SW building blocks
interconnected on a flexible architectural system
Page 22 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
EVOLUTIVE TECHNOLOGYNeed to focus the necessary development efforts on
a limited set of standardised solutions
Aurora Avionics Architecture System DefinitionConstraints
Harsh physical environment (Radiations, Mechanic, Thermic…)Induces high costs for development and qualification programsMission and phase dependant (Launch, Orbital, Deep space, landing…)Limited resources in space for embedded electronics
Communication Link (rates and delays)Power budget (electrical and propulsion)Mass and volume (launch cost, life-time…)
Fast evolution of the technologies induces obsolescence risksEvolution of systems needs for the development of new functions and performance range
Page 23 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
Payload data processing architecturePaDaPAr Study overview
Study overviewFunctional analysis of current and future P/L architectureDefinition of typical generic functional architecture versus instruments performance requirementsDefinition of typical building blocks (toolbox)Benchmark the toolbox on current/future missions
Instrument
InstrumentProcessingUnit
AmplificationDigitalisationProcessingCompression
DataStorageUnit
StorageCipheringFormattingScramblingEmission
TM AnalogAnalogAnalog HSL HSL
Example of a typical High Performance Instrument On-board Data communication chain
Page 24 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
Payload data processing architecturesModular functional architecture
Performance oriented architectureIndependent instruments data processing units chainsFull availability of SPW bandwidth through Direct interfaces to Mass Memory for high rate science dataInstrument control through system bus and Remote Terminal Units (RTU)
Low rateDigital I/F
-DiscreteInterface
High rateDigital I/F
Low rateDigital I/F
-DiscreteInterface
Control &Monitoring
drivers
Sensors
Mechanisms
Thermal
InstrumentData
ProcessingUnit
Instrument electronics
Mass MemoryUnit
RTUelectronics
System bus
High rateDigital I/F
Low rateDigital I/F
-DiscreteInterface
OBMU
TFG
Spacecraft DataProcessing
Unit
Recommended for high data processing requirements on P/L
Page 25 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
Payload data processing generic architecturesModular functional architecture
Resource optimisation oriented architectureInstrument pre-processing chains connected to SpaceWire NetworkShare of common data processing functions and resourcesLower number of nodes and links variantsCan be combined with platform avionics resources
DigitalInterface
(Spacewire)
DigitalInterface
(Spacewire)Control &Monitoring
drivers
Sensors
Mechanisms
Thermal
First-stageData
Processing
SpaceWireRouting unit
Shared DPUInstrument electronics
Mass MemoryUnit
Data ProcessingUnit
To TFG
To/fromS/C Platform
RemoteTerminalInterface
Recommended for multi instruments P/L and medium data processing requirements
Page 26 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
Generic Architecture for Mass Memory Access (GAMMA)Concept overview
Distributed architecture for data storage management
Several memory users(Calculators, instruments, …)Several memory modules
Manage concurrent data accessesProtect transactionsEnsure data consistency
Virtual Memory ManagementLogical partitions can be composed of several physical storage areas.The memory mapping is transparent to the applications.
⇒ Increase security
⇒ Increase maintainability
⇒ Support transparent reconfiguration
⇒ Optimize performance
FPGAUser4
Router
FPGA
FPGA
FPGA
FPGA
User1
User2
Memory2
Memory1
Memory3
User3
M1
M3
Memory modules
M2
xy
z
x
y
z
a
b
c
a
b
c
Partition
User
Page 27 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
Generic Architecture for Mass Memory Access (GAMMA) GAMMA Implementation
Connection Services
MM Primitives
MM FMS Services
FMS Services
Connection Services
MM Primitives
DataStorage
User Memory Module
SpaceWire network
AP 1
AP 2
AP n
SpaceWire IPSpaceWire IP+ drivers
Software StubHardwiredfunctions
Pure Software
Pure Hardware
3 FMS librariesincluded:ERTFSPRBFSRAWFS
Page 28 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
Generic Architecture for Mass Memory Access (GAMMA) GAMMA prototype
GR-CPCI-XC2V boards with GR-CPCI-SER2-SPW2 interface
6U
CPCI PC board(gamma2)
2xSUBD9(SpW)
SpW
SpW
SpW
SpW
SpW
SpW
SpW
SpWSpW router
RS232 interfaces
LAN
2xDB9(RS232)
5
4
3
2
1
Reset buttons
1 2 3 4 5
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Linux PC(gamma1)
DSU
DSU
DSU
DSU
DSU
Demonstrator on a representative environment based on five identical commercial FPGA boards
3 LEON2 users at 40 MHz2 Memory ModulesSpaceWire network:
Over 200 Mbps2 SpaceWire interfacesper board to testconcurrent accesses.
Page 29 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
Generic Architecture for Mass Memory Access (GAMMA) GAMMA prototype
Demonstrator on a representative environment based on five identical commercial FPGA boards
3 LEON2 users at 40 MHz2 Memory ModulesSpaceWire network:
Over 200 Mbps2 SpaceWire interfacesper board to testconcurrent accesses.
Now operational at ESA/ESTEC premises
Page 30 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
Generic Architecture for Mass Memory Access (GAMMA)SpaceWire network data rates
ObjectiveDevelopment of a core software for complex payload requiring distributed processing
Study planAnalysis of future payload systems and definition of a reference mission requiring distributed processing.Specification and development of a Space-Oriented Middleware prototypeEvaluation and refinement of the middleware prototype in the context of the reference mission, raising it to the level of a product.
Implementation baseline on SpaceWire network
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
Olivier NOTEBAERT - Data Processing and Advanced Studies
SpaceWire use on future space systemsSpaceWire Working Group Meeting N°5ISAS/JAXA, Japan - 15-17 November 2005
• High speed data links on recent spacecrafts
• Needs for high speed data links
• High speed data links on future missions
Page 33 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
High speed data links on future missionsBepi-Colombo mission characteristics
Mercury observationComposite vehicle built through European-Japanese cooperationMain Modules: MPO & MMOMercury Planetary Observer (ESA)
Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter (JAXA)
5 to 6 years long complexcruise phase includingMoon, Venus and MercuryFly-by’s.Multiple instrumentsfor data collectionin several scientific areasLaunch ~2012
Launch andearly operations
Coast arc
Trajectorycorrection
Venusflyby (x 2)
Thrust arcs(after Venus)
Coast arc
Trajectorycorrection
Mercuryflyby (x 2)
Trajectorycorrection
SEPMjettison
S U N
MPOorbitMOI
TheEarth
Venus
M e r c u r y
Opposition
Conjunction
CPMjettison
Insertionorbit
MoonLunarflyby
Thrust arc(before the Moon)
Earthflyby
Trajectorycorrection
Bepi-Colombo initial mission scenario
Page 34 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
High speed data links on future missionsBepi-Colombo mission characteristics
Key Issues for Bepi-Colombo avionics architectureComplex P/L which includes 11 instruments(50Mbps overall science data rate and 115Kbps C&C).High level of autonomy (mission and FDIR)Reliability of inter-modules communication links at separation timeCentralised versus decentralised architectureTechnology trade-off
SpaceWire network or direct links ?P/L Command and Control dedicated links or over science data links ?System on a Chip Computer core or reuse from flying and ongoing programmes ?
Bepi-Colombo initial mission scenario
Page 35 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
High speed data links on future missionsBepi-Colombo MPO proposed data links architecture
Platform Central Computer (OBMU)Platform C&C via 1553Band direct I/O systemRepeaters adapted from Ariane 5
Payload Data Processing (PDPU) science data acquisitionOn-board processingCompression and storagePacketWire link to TM
P/L data interface with SpaceWire links
Network with router for low-rate instrumentsDirect links for High rate instrumentsP/L C&C over SpaceWire links
BC3
(OBMU)
I/O
PDPU
Platform
SpW router
Syst
em b
us (M
IL-S
TD-1
553B
)
SpaceWire
SpaceWireSpaceWire
X-TXKa-TX
Bus I/F
MemoryProcessor(ERC32)
Sys_MM8 Gb
Sci_SSMM256 Gb
TFG
SpaceWire PacketWire
OBMU
I/O
PDPU
Platform
SpW router
Syst
em b
us (M
IL-S
TD-1
553B
)
X-TXKa-TX
Bus I/F
Payload(11 instruments)
MemoryProcessor(ERC32)
SSMM8 Gb
SSMM 256 Gb
TFG
Page 36 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
High speed data links on future missionsGAIA mission characteristics and main drivers
Astronomy science missionLagrangian L2 point orbital positionVery high stability and fine pointingOptical instrument with high data processing capability (for science algorithms)Launched foreseen in 2012
Key driversModularityEase of AIT & operationsPerformance of the video processing chainPerformance of Attitude and Orbit control
Main data processing challengesVideo processors (~1000Mips)On-board data reduction and storageHigh rates of data from P/L instrument
Page 37 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
AOCS
EIU
CDMU
HK TMdata storage
(8 Gb)
BusI/F
BusI/F
TT&C
µPropulsionPower
Service Module
I/O
VPU
VPU
VPU
VPU
VPU
VPU
VPU
Opticalterminal
Sciencedata storage
(700 Gb)
CDU
PDHU
Payload Module
Synch
High speed data links on future missionsGAIA proposed data links architecture
Payload ModuleVideo Processing Units (VPU)
Optical Data Front end processingAll data on SpaceWire direct links
Payload Data Handling (PDHU)science data acquisition, final, processing and storageSpaceWire links to TM through CDMU internal Router
Service ModuleCentral Distribution and Monitoring (CDMU)
Routing of SPW P/L science data to TM Link with I/O system through SpaceWireCommand control• Avionics system through SVM 1553
bus• Payload through Payload 1553 bus
Synch
SpaceWire MIL-STD-1553
SVM bus
Payl
oad
bus
TM
TC
Page 38 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
High speed data links on future missionsOther future missions calling for SpaceWire networks
Mars Rover & Pasteur Payload (Exomars ~2012)The Rover payload (Pasteur package) integrates 8 instruments, 5 for sample observation and 3 for environment observation.A high level of autonomy and a large computing power for data/image compression is required for the platform.Sharing of resources between Pasteur and Rover is expected (computing, mass memory)
SolO (Solar Orbiter ~ 2014)14 instruments foreseen with a huge volume of raw data producedNeed for very efficient data reduction techniques as well as autonomous observation management.A potential late adaptation of on-board algorithms has to be considered, claiming for a flexible approach.
Bepi-Colombo initial mission scenario
Page 39 SpaceWire Data Links and Networks in Space Applications 20/07/2005
Central Engineering - Data-processing and Software Division (AOE7)
High speed data links on future missions Conclusion for SpaceWire application
SpaceWire provides a standard solution supporting the need for high data processing performance on future spacecrafts
Standard high speed data link for acquisition of a large range of payloadsSimple devices access with RMAP protocolCCSDS TM/TC packet routing between intelligent terminals (e.g. complex instruments, star-trackers…) Solution for on-board Network
Optimisation of on-board resourcesInfrastructure for future on-board data processing performance increase
Contributes to the development of generic data processing architectures and Building Blocks