1976 The prototype of the space shuttle, the Enterprise is constructed without core functions such as engines and spaceflight. The shuttle tested atmospheric conditions of the space shuttles to help development. Pre 1972 President Richard Nixon orders NASA to create a national space strategy. Shuttle designs and operating systems are weighed against each other. A reusable winged obiter is chosen 1972 President Richard Nixon signs a bill authorising NASA to develop reusable space shuttles. The space craft are designed to carry 7 astronauts and carry up to 22 000kg of cargo into low orbit 1981 Space shuttle Columbia is sent on its maiden voyage with astronauts John Young and Bob Crippen on board. The flight lasts 54 hours and the shuttle orbits earth 37 times before it safely lands