SOUTHERN REGIONAL LOAD DESPATCH CENTRE

1SOUTHERN REGIONAL LOAD DESPATCH CENTRE

POWER GRID CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED

WELCOME TO

V MADHU, MD, KPTCL

2

PRESENTATION OVERVIEW

SR GRID - QUICK FACTS

KPTCL METERING LOCATIONS

AVAILABILITY BASED TARIFF

OPEN ACCESS REGULATIONS – RECENT CHANGES

IMPACT OF CHANGES – CASE STUDIES

STATE SECTOR – CHALLENGES & TASKS AHEAD

3

MORE LINKS

SCHEDULING PROCEEDURE

DRAFT IEGC JUNE 2005

4

THANK YOU

5

SOUTHERN REGIONAL GRID

QUICK FACTS

6

SOUTHERN REGION

WESTERNREGION

EASTERN REGION

NORTHERN REGION

NORTH-EASTERN REGION

INSTALLED CAPACITY

NORTHERN :- 31,230 MW

EASTERN :- 17,697 MW

SOUTHERN :- 32,704 MW

WESTERN :- 32,354 MW

NORTH-EASTERN :- 2,357 MW

TOTAL 116,342 MW

REGIONAL GRIDS

7

SOUTHERN REGION – GEOGRAPHY

ANDHRA PRADESH

TAMIL NADU

KARNATAKA

KE

RA

LA

POPULATION :- 22.5 CRORES ( 22% OF INDIA)

AREA :- 651 (‘000 SQ KM)(19% OF INDIA)

INSTALLED CAPACITY:- 32,734 MW(28.1%)

PER CAPITA CONSUM. – 700 unit (A. I. – 567)

WEATHER :- South-west monsoon

North-east monsoon

SEA COAST :- AROUND 4000 KM

8

INSTALLED CAPACITY IN SR

The above capacity does not includes

--- About 1342 MW of Wind Mill Capacity in Tamil Nadu.

--- Micro and Captive plants in different states.

AGENCY HYDRO THERMALGAS/

DIESELWIND/

OTHERS NUCLEAR TOTAL

AP 3586 2963 272 2 --- 6823

KAR 3277 1470 128 5 --- 4879

KER 1811 --- 235 2 --- 2047

TN 1987 2970 423 19 --- 5400

PONDI --- --- 33 --- --- 33

C. S. --- 8090 360 --- 830 9280

IPP 278 387 2506 1071 --- 4243

TOTAL 10939 (33%) 15880 (49%) 3956 (12%) 1099 (3%) 830 (3%) 32704

9

SOURCE-WISE EFFECTIVE GENERATING CAPACITY OF SOUTHERN REGION

AS ON 31-MAR-05

HY DRO

33%

THERMAL

49%

GAS/NAPTHA/DIESEL

12%

NUCLEAR

3%

WIND

3%

SOURCE IN MW IN %HYDRO 10939 33

THERMAL 15910 49GAS/NAPTHA/DIESEL 3956 12

NUCLEAR 830 3WIND 1099 3TOTAL 32734 100

GENERATING UNITS IN SOUTHERN GENERATING UNITS IN SOUTHERN REGIONREGION

A.PKAR

TNKERGENERATORS ABOVE 1000 MW

GENERATORS 500 – 1000 MW

GENERATORS BELOW 500 MW

TYPICAL

GENERATOR

SPREAD

IN SR- HYDRO

- THERMAL

- GAS / NAPTHA

- NUCLEAR

UNIT CAPACITYUNIT CAPACITY APAP KARKAR KEKERR

TNTN CGSCGS TOTATOTALL

THERMAL (500 THERMAL (500 MW)MW)

22 88 1010

THERMAL THERMAL

(200-250 MW)(200-250 MW)1100

77 1313 1515 4545

GAS/THERMAL GAS/THERMAL

(100-150 MW)(100-150 MW)99 22 33 1010 2424

HYDRO HYDRO

(>50 MW)(>50 MW)2277

2727 1616 1515 8585

TOTALTOTAL 4488

3636 1919 3838 163163

11

LOAD 500-1500 MW

LOAD 200-500 MW

TYPICAL

LOAD

SPREAD

IN SR

KHAMMAM

VIJAYAWADANAGARJUNASAGAR

VISAKHAPATNAM

(POWERGRID)HYDERABAD

RAICHUR

GOOTY

HOODY

SALEM

UDUMALPET

TRICHUR

MADURAI

TRICHY

MADRAS

NEYVELI

CUDDAPAHDAVANAGERE

KAIGA

115

317

RSTPP

BHADRAVATI

130x216

4x2

182

151

181

173

302

308172

277

279

155

178x

2

PONDICHERY

BANGALORE

SIRSI

MUNIRABAD

PP

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

PP

P

P

N

KOLAR

PALLOM

KAYANKULAMEDAMON

TALCHER

JEYPORE

63

187

2x78

2x221

54

HOSUR

KADRA

KODASAALY

Nagjhari

1

120

60

MAPS

P

SSLMM

MMDP

THIRUVANATHAPURAM

ALMATHI

NELLORE

400 KV LINE PRESENTLY

OPERATED AT 220 KV

NELAMANGALA

KURNOOL

GAZUWAKA(AP)

SIMHADRI NTPC

HIRIYUR

189

195

267x

2

258

242

175

179

127

130x

2

221x2

146x252x2

197x2

301x2

8x4

15x2

300

28

330

ABOUT 12000 CKM 400KV TRANSMISSION

TALGUPPA

GRID MAP

GRID FOCAL POINT SHIFTED TO KOLAR AFTER COMMISSIONING OF HVDC

KOODANKULAM

THIRNELVALI

TYPICAL FLOWS ARE FROM NORTH TO SOUTH

QUANTUM CHANGES IN FLOW PATTERN LIKELY AFTER COMMISSIONING OF KOODANKULAM 2000 MW

13

13000

14000

15000

16000

17000

18000

19000

20000

21000

22000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

TIME IN HRS --->

DE

MA

ND

IN

MW

---

>

MONSOON SUMMER WINTER

TYPICAL LOAD CURVE OF SR

WINTER

MONSOON

SUMMER

EVENING PEAK

14

GRID OPERATION

TYPICAL ISSUES IN THE PAST

15

GRID OPERATION – TYPICAL ISSUES IN PAST

• LOW / HIGH FREQUENCY PROBLEMS

– FREQUENCY EXCURSES TO LOW/HIGH VALUES

• LOW / HIGH VOLTAGE OPERATION

– CRITICALLY LOW VOLTAGES AT LOAD CENTRES

– SUBSTANTIALLY HIGH VOLTAGES AT FAR ENDS

• SYSTEM BROWNOUTS / BLACK OUTS

– SEPERATION OF SYSTEMS / LOSS OF LOAD

• ECONOMIC IN-STABILITY / INCREASED ELECTRICAL LOSSES– UNRELIABLE / INEFFICIENT OPERATION OF EQUIPMENT

16

GRID PRESENT STATUS

17

47.00

47.50

48.00

48.50

49.00

49.50

50.00

50.50

51.00

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95

% OF TIME --->

FR

EQ

IN H

Z -

-->

2004-05

2003-04

<49.049.0 & <49.5

49.5 & <50.5

50.5 & Above

Max Min Avg FVI

2004-05 0.13 8.49 91.21 0.17 50.90 48.62 49.85 0.83

2003-04 2.30 22.03 75.23 0.44 51.17 48.18 49.69 1.95

2002-03 49.48 14.48 34.03 2.01 51.37 47.69 48.95 18.86

2002-03

FREQUENCY DURATION CURVE 2002-03, 2003-04 & 2004-05

18

47.50

48.00

48.50

49.00

49.50

50.00

50.50

51.00

25 26 27 28 29 30 31

DAYS ----->

FR

EQ

UE

NC

Y IN

HZ

---

->FREQUENCY PROFILE

2002, 2003 & 2004

19

FREQUENCY CURVE FOR 9th SEPTEMBER 2004FVI = 0.04

Avg Freq = 49.99Hz

48.5

49.0

49.5

50.0

50.5

51.0

00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

10 * ∑ (F – 50) 2

FVI = -------------------------------

24 * 60

20

320

330

340

350

360

370

380

390

400

410

42000

:05

01:0

5

02:0

5

03:0

5

04:0

5

05:0

5

06:0

5

07:0

5

08:0

5

09:0

5

10:0

5

11:0

5

12:0

5

13:0

5

14:0

5

15:0

5

16:0

5

17:0

5

18:0

5

19:0

5

20:0

5

21:0

5

22:0

5

23:0

5

TIME IN HRS --->

VO

LT

AG

E IN

KV

---

>

REALITY BITE:

FARMERS IN KARNATAKA ARE HAPPY WITH FEWER HOURS OF QUALITY POWER!!.

EFFICIENCY OF PUMPS AT TG HALLI WATER WORKS IMPROVED!

COMPARISION OF BANGALORE VOLTAGE-TYPICAL DAY

BETTER VOLTAGE PROFILE MEANS LESS ELECTRICAL LOSSES

Jan 02

Jan 03

21

Voltage at Bangalore Jan 02 & 03

22

SOUTHERN REGION LOSS*

 2002 2003 2004** 2005**

LOAD (MW)

LOSS (MW)

LOSS %

LOAD (MW)

LOSS (MW)

LOSS %

LOAD (MW)

LOSS (MW)

LOSS %

LOAD (MW)

LOSS (MW)

LOSS %

AP 6510 408 6.27 5983 264 4.41 7234 311 4.30 7557 279 3.69

KARNATAKA 4078 265 6.50 4609 237 5.14 5158 228 4.42 5285 183 3.46

KERALA 1928 82 4.25 2227 101 4.54 2479 86 3.47 2453 66 2.69

TAMILNADU 6135 224 3.65 6888 240 3.48 7421 198 2.67 7522 216 2.87

PONDICHERRY                   215 0 0.00

CENTRAL GENERATING STATION 472 0 0.00 684 0 0.00 538   0.00 121 0 0.00

SOUTHERN REGION 19123 979 5.12 20391 842 4.1 22830 823 3.6 23153 744 3.2

•*Source : Report of System Studies conducted for Accessing Shunt Compensation requirement in Southern Region – March 2004 and March 2005 - SREB ,CEA

•** Projected figures 0.5% REDUCTION MEANS 100 CR ANNUAL SAVINGS0.5% REDUCTION MEANS 100 CR ANNUAL SAVINGS

23

AVAILABILITY BASED TARIFF

OPERATIONAL EXCELLANCE

24

DEEP VALLEY

DEEP VALLEY

SHARP

PEAK

25

KADAMPARAI PUMP OPERATION

-300

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

400

5000:

001:

002:

003:

004:

005:

006:

007:

008:

009:

0010

:00

11:0

012

:00

13:0

014

:00

15:0

016

:00

17:0

018

:00

19:0

020

:00

21:0

022

:00

23:0

00:

00

TIME ---->

IN M

W --

-->

48.50

49.00

49.50

50.00

50.50

51.00

FREQ

UENC

Y IN

HZ

---->

GENERATOR MODE

PUMP PUMP

SAVINGS OF RS 40 LAKHS EVERY DAY

INVESTMENT OF 1600 CRORES SAVED

26

OPPORTUNISTIC UI TRADEEXPORT TO WR ON 13/05/03-14/05/03

-300

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08

49

49.2

49.4

49.6

49.8

50

50.2

50.4

50.6

50.8

51POWER EXPORT TO WR ON

UI BASIS DURING LOAD CRASH

FREQ

27

SCHEDULE VS ACTUAL INJECTION GRAPH OF ER (AT ER PERIPHERY) FOR DATE : 31.08.03

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92

TIME AS BLOCK OF 15 MINUTE --->

MW

-->

49.0

49.5

50.0

50.5

51.0

51.5

52.0

52.5

53.0

53.5

54.0

54.5

55.0

FREQ

UEN

CY

(Hz)

-->

SCHEDULE ACTUAL INJECTION ENTITLEMENT

SR FREQ ER FREQ

Entitlement

Schedule

Actual Injection

OPERATION ON 31/08/03 (Ganesh Chathurthi)

AMOUNT SAVED FOR SR CONSTITUENTS = 107 LAKHS

50 NOS HVDC SETPOINT CHANGES DONE TO ACHIEVE THIS!!!!!

28

GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR

10

30

50

70

90

08

:21

09

:21

10

:21

11

:21

TIME IN HH:MM ----->

MW

---

-->

49.00

49.20

49.40

49.60

49.80

50.00

50.20

50.40

FR

EQ

IN

HZ

---

-->

FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 12-DEC-04

SHARAVATHI -1

FREQ DROP FROM 49.72 HZ TO 49.27 HZ

i.e. ~ 0.45HZ

29

GENERATION vs FREQUENCY FOR

10

30

50

70

90

08

:21

09

:21

10

:21

11

:21

TIME IN HH:MM ----->

MW

---

-->

49.00

49.20

49.40

49.60

49.80

50.00

50.20

50.40

FR

EQ

IN

HZ

---

-->

FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 12-DEC-04

SHARAVATHI -4

FREQ DROP FROM 49.72 HZ TO 49.27 HZ

i.e. ~ 0.45HZ

30

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 0

HOURS ---->

GE

NE

RA

TIO

N IN

MW

---

>

48.80

49.00

49.20

49.40

49.60

49.80

50.00

50.20

50.40

FR

EQ

IN H

Z--

->

SHARAVATHI GENERATION – TYPICAL DAY

FREQ

MW

31

OPTIMAL RESERVOIR UTILISATIONSHARAVATHY / IDDUKI

PLANT OPERATORS AT THESE STATIONS THINK OF THE

RESERVOIR LEVEL IN RUPEES RATHER THAN IN FEET!!!

Rs. Rs.

Rs.

Rs.

Rs.

Rs.Rs.

Rs.

Rs.

Rs.

Rs.

Rs.

Rs.

Rs.

Rs.Rs.

32

49.72 HZ

33

MERIT ORDER : UNITS BOXED UP

POWER STATION STATE CAPACITY(MW) FUELVARIABLE

COST

TATA DIESELKARNATAK

A 79 DIESEL 308

RAYALSEEMA DGPP

KARNATAKA 27 DIESEL 360

YELEHANKA DIESEL

KARNATAKA 128 DIESEL 314

THANRBHAVIKARNATAK

A 220 NAPTHA 325

SUB-TOTAL 454    

BRAHAMPURAM DPP KERALA 107 DIESEL 275

BSES KERALA 157 NAPTHA 308

KASARGODE PCL KERALA 22 NAPTHA 298

KAYAMKULAM KERALA 360 NAPTHA 322

SUB-TOTAL 646    

BASIN BRIDGETAMIL NADU 120 NAPTHA 584

P.P.NALLURTAMIL NADU 330 NAPTHA 415

SUB-TOTAL 450    

TOTAL 1550    

34

UI IN SR (FROM 01/01/03 TO 07/08/05)

OVERVIEW

• TOTAL UI TURNOVER :- 8893 MU

• TOTAL UI AMOUNT DISBURSED:- 1817 CR

• AVG WEEKLY TRANSACTION:- 67 MU

• AVG WEEKLY UI AMOUNT DISBURSED:- 13.4 CR

35

UI SUMMARY – 136 WKS

FROM 01/JAN/03 TO 07/AUG/05)STATE ---> AP KAR KER TN PON

Total Net UI in MUs exported(-) / Imported(+)

-4507 4376 1027 1494 -148

Total Net amount in Rs. Crores

Receivable(-) / Payable(+)

-877 831 153 417 -31

Average rate of UI in paise/unit

195 190 149 279 207

36

INTER-REGIONAL EXCHANGES DETAILS UPTO 136 WKS (Till 07-AUG-05)

WR ER

Net Energy Transaction

231 MU

IMPORT BY SR

703 MU

IMPORT BY SR

Amount Due to

SR Constituents

Rs. 60.38 Cr. Rs. 12.49 Cr.

Amount Credited TO SR Constituents

Rs. 60.38 Cr. Rs. 12.49 Cr.

37

GRID OPERATION:GRID OPERATION: A TIGHT ROPE WALK A TIGHT ROPE WALK

BLACK-OUTVOLTAGE

COLLAPSE IN-ECONOMIC

OPERATION

INSTABILITYPOWER

SWINGSINCREASED

LOSSES

38

UI TRANSACTION ON 31/08/03

HIGHLIGHTS OF UI TRANSACTION ON 31.08.03 (SUNDAY, GANESH CHATURTHI)

• UI imported from ER : 6.07 MU• UI imported from WR : 2.81 MU• Total UI imported from C. Grid by SR : 8.88 MU• Average UI rate of C.Grid : 93 Ps/Unit • Average UI rate in SR for C.Grid : 213 Ps/Unit • Max. Power transfer in UI from ER : 510 MW• Max. Power transfer in UI from WR : 350 MW• Total Max. Power transfer in UI from C.Grid : 860 MW• Amount saved for the SR constituents : 107 Lacs• Total Number of HVDC Operations : 50 no.s

39

METERING LOCATIONS IN SR

• Total No Of SEMS in SR USED FOR REA 350

No.s• Total No Of SEMS in KPTCL USED FOR REA

50 No.s

SR METERING DIAGRAM

40

KAKINADA

PO 05

REA METERING LOCATION OF STATE OWNED INTER STATE LINES IN SOUTHERN REGION

HOSUR

HOSUR

YERANDAHALLY

2

20 KV .

YERANDAHALLY

2

20 KV .

MANJESWAR

UPPATI

KADAKOLA

KNYMPTTAKONEJA

ARAKU

BALIMELA

OS

AP

TN

KERKAR

GOA

LOW

ER

SIL

ER

U

BA

RS

UR

HVDC

KO

LLA

PU R

K'T

HA

RA

I

UD

UM

ALP

ET

KA

YA

TH

AR

TH

EN

I

BELLARY

TANDUR GOOTY

SEDAM

CH

IKK

OD

I

MO

OZ

HIY

AR

ED

MO

N

IDU

KK

I

PA

RA

SA

LA

MH

MP

220

KV

220

KV

220

KV

220

KV

220

KV

220

KV

110

KV

220

KV

132

KV

66 K

V

110

KV

220 KV

110 KV

AP57

AP55

AP56

OS 58

P0 06

TN 56

AP 54 TN 57

TN 54

TN51

TN52

TN53

TN58

KL52

KL53

KL51

TN 55

CK 54

CK 51

CK 52

KL 55

KL 56CK56

CK59

CK58

GO01

GO02

GO03

CK57

AP 58AP 52

CK 60

CK 61

CK 55

CK 53KL58

PONDY(Yanam)

132

KV 21

XELDEM

21

GO04

UPPERSILERU

PONDA

PONDA

AMBEWADI SUPA

MACHKHUNBALIMELA

AP 53CHITOOR TIRUVALEM

SULURPET

G'P

UN

DI

KOOTHAMUNDA

220 KV

220 KV

220 KV

220 KV

220 KV

132 KV

220

KV

110

KV

INTER STATE LINES METERING LOCATIONS

41

METERING LOCATIONS IN KPTCL'S INTERCONNECTED SYSTEM

AP-51CK-53

TANDUR

GOOTY

A PAP-52CK-55

BELLARY

SEDAM

TN-55CK-54HOSURYERANDAHALLI

T N

CK-22CK-21

CK-05CK-06

CK-03CK-04

BANGALORE

RAICHUR N'SAGAR

MBD

N'SAGAR

MBD

CENTRAL TR. SYSTEM

CK-51KL-55

KL-56 CK-52

KONAJE

KADAKOLA

MANJESWAR

KANIAMPETTA

KSEB

GO-03

GO-04

GO-01

GO-02AMBEWADI

XELDEMXELDEM

PONDA

PONDA

PONDA SUPA

GOA(SR)

KG-24

KG-23

KG-22

KG-21

KODASALLI

KADRA

SIRSI-2

SIRSI-1

KGS

CK-60

CK-61CHIKKODI

KolhapurWR/MSEB

CK-01CK-02

HOODY

SR-63

SR-64

BANGALORE

BANGALORE

CK-57CK-57

CK-58

CK-56

CK-57

KOLAR

220kV

220kV

220kV

110kV

110kV

220kV

220kV

220kV

220kV

220kV

220kV

220kV

220kV

400kV

220/400kV

220/400kV

220/400kV

CK-11CK-12

KOLARKOLAR

220/400kV

110kV

400kV

42

GOOTY

CK-21RAICHUR

4 5 6 7

CK-23

CK-05

CK-06

CK-24

CK-27

CK-25

SR-81

DAVANAGERE

CK-26

NELAMANGALA

CK-28

CK-09

CK-10

CK-30

CK-31

HOODY

CK-07

CK-08

CK-15

CK-16

HIRIYUR

CK-29

CK-32 CK-33

CK-13

CK-14

BANGALORE

SR-11

N'Sagar

Kolar

Munirabad

CK-35

CK-34

CK-36

CK-37

Temporary Configuration :Karnataka's drawl in Raichur-Hoody section:Raichur = -(CK-21) -(CK-23) -(CK-25); Muniarabd=(CK-05) ; Davanagere=(CK-07); Hiriyur=(CK-15); Nelamangala= -(CK-29)-(CK-30)-(CK-35) -(CK-36) -(CK-38);Hoody = (CK-09)+(CK-13)

CK-30

CK-31

CK-38

Karnataka's drawl in Raichur-Hoody section:

Raichur = -(CK-21) -(CK-23) -(CK-25);

Muniarabd=(CK-05) ;

Davanagere=(CK-07); Hiriyur=(CK-15);

Nelamangala= -(CK-29)-(CK-30)-(CK-35)

-(CK-36) -(CK-38);

Hoody = (CK-09)+(CK-13)

RAICHUR SECTION

43

KPTCL'S DRAWL ON 400kV RAICHUR-DAVANAGERE SECTION

(CK-RC)=-(CK-21)-(CK-23)-(CK-25) -(CK-29)-(CK-30)+ (CK-35)+ (CK-36) (CK-38) + (CK-05)+ (CK-07) +(CK-09) + (CK-13) + (CK-15)

KPTCL'S DRAWL ON 400kV

(CK-91)= (CK-01)+(CK-03)+(CK-RC) +(CK-11)

CK'S DRAWL ON 220kV

(CK-92)= -(CK-51)-(CK-53)-(CK-54)-(CK-55)-(CK-58)-(CK-59)+(KG-21)

+(KG-22)+(KG-23)+(KG-24)

CK'S DRAWL ON 132kV

(CK-93)=-(CK-52)-(CK-56)

TOTAL DRAWL (CK-94)=(CK-91)+(CK-92)+(CK-93)NOTE: SEMS ON FEEDERS NOT CARRYING ISGS POWER NOT TO BE CONSIDERED