Consonant Sounds CONSONANTS DIGRAPHS /b/ /d/ */f/ /g/ */h/ /j/ */k/ /l/ /m/ /n/ */p/ /r/ */s/ */t/ /v/ /w/ /y/ /z/ */ch/ */sh/ */th/ /th/ /ng/ b ball d dog f fan g gate h hat j jam k kite l lips m mug n nut p pig r rat s sun t tap v van w web y yo-yo z zebra ch cheese sh shark th thumb th feather ng ring bb rabbit bu build dd add ff puff ffe giraffe gg egg gu guest wh who g giant gg exaggerate c cat ch christmas qu bouquet ll spell le bottle mm summer mn autumn nn funny pn pneumonia pp happy rr carrot ss mess c cents ps psychology tt letter bt doubt f of ph Stephen wh why o choir i opinion zz buzz x xylophone tch watch te righteous ce ocean si tension sci conscience the breathe n think ed filled ph phone ft often gh ghost gue catalogue dge edge ge bandage ck duck cq acquire que antique mb climb kn knight gn gnat wr wrong st listen se horse sw sword th Thomas pt receipt u quick j hallelujah s his ze sneeze t future c cello s sure ch machine ss tissue ngue tongue gh laugh di soldier q queen cc soccer rh rhyme sc science ce dance ed tapped te climate ve give ss scissors se cheese ti question ci special ti station che niche /zh/ s treasure si division z seizure ge mirage j Taj EXTENDED CODE We use our lips, teeth and tongue to control air flow and produce a unique speech sound each time we make a consonant sound. Sounds can be made with the voice on or off. TRICKY LETTERS c x q box = bo/k/s/ q ueen = /k/w/een q is frequently followed by the letter u and together these letters write down the /k/w/ sounds as in queen or the /k/ sound as in quiche. Q on its own can also write down the /k/ sound as in Iraq. U on its own can write down the /w/ sound as in penguin and persuade. c is used to write down the /k/ sound as in cat or the /s/ sound as in city. C writes down the /k/ sound before the vowels a, o, and u. C writes down the /s/ sound before i, e and y (when y represents a vowel sound). x is used to write down the /k/s/ sounds as in box or the /g/z/ sounds as in exam. It can also be used to write down the /z/ sound as in xylophone. The /k/s/ sounds can also be written down using the letters cks as in socks. These three consonants are considered to be ‘tricky’ letters because they are used to write down sounds that are already represented by other letters. cat = /k/at or city = /s/ity * These soft sounds are voiceless