Soteriology sōtēr= saviour logos= knowledge, study Engaging with the Cross.

Soteriology•sōtēr= saviour• logos = knowledge, study

Engaging with the Cross

Soteriology

Engaging with the Cross

Soteriology

Engaging with the Cross

Why did Jesus die?

You gave different answers!

So does the New Testament!

Some key pictures of what happened at the Cross

Romans 3 v21-26 

Romans 5 v1-11

1. OLD TESTAMENT SACRIFICESa) How was sacrifice seen?

Common!

But for Israel, special! Lev 17 v11

I. SACRIFICE – ‘MADE CLEAN’

1. OLD TESTAMENT SACRIFICESb) What did sacrifice need?

A sinner to bring the sacrifice Leviticus 1 v1-5

A life to be the sacrifice

A priest to offer the sacrifice

I. SACRIFICE – ‘MADE CLEAN’

2. NEW TESTAMENT REFLECTIONS

a) Why was sacrifice given?Hebrews 10 v1-4

Not to deal with sin… … but to remind of sin

b) So what did sacrifice accomplish? Absolutely nothing!

c) Then what was the point?

I. SACRIFICE – ‘MADE CLEAN’

2. NEW TESTAMENT REFLECTIONS

a) Why was sacrifice given?Hebrews 10 v1-4

Not to deal with sin… … but to remind of sin

b) So what did sacrifice accomplish? Absolutely nothing!

c) Then what was the point? They were shadows

I. SACRIFICE – ‘MADE CLEAN’

3. THE SACRIFICE OF THE CROSS

a) Jesus: The Last SupperMatthew 26 v26-30

Jesus saw that his death would be – Atoning Covenantal Substitutionary Eschatological Redemptive

I. SACRIFICE – ‘MADE CLEAN’

3. THE SACRIFICE OF THE CROSS

b) John’s teaching

c) Peter’s teaching

I. SACRIFICE – ‘MADE CLEAN’

3. THE SACRIFICE OF THE CROSS

d) Paul’s teaching

Christ’s death was – The fulfilment of all the Old Testament

sacrificesA “propitiation’” for our sins - Romans 3 v25

• ‘a sacrifice of atonement’ (NIV)• a sacrifice that turns away God’s

wrath/angerGod’s anger is not reactive but responsive

I. SACRIFICE – ‘MADE CLEAN’

3. THE SACRIFICE OF THE CROSSd) Paul’s teaching

A picture the OT prophets used – “the cup of God’s wrath”

Job 21v20Psalms 60v3, 75v8Isaiah 51v17-23, 63v6 Jeremiah 25v15-28; 49 v12  Lamentations 4v21-22Ezekiel 23 v31-34

I. SACRIFICE – ‘MADE CLEAN’

3. THE SACRIFICE OF THE CROSS

d) Paul’s teaching

But now look what the New Testament says!

Matthew 26 v36-42

I. SACRIFICE – ‘MADE CLEAN’

3. THE SACRIFICE OF THE CROSS

e) Hebrews Jesus as the sinner Jesus as the sacrifice Jesus as the priest

I. SACRIFICE – ‘MADE CLEAN’

3. THE SACRIFICE OF THE CROSS

This was the sacrifice that worked! For everyone! Rom 3v24; Eph 2 v13 For everything! 1Cor 15v9-10 For free! Rom 3 v24; 6v23 For ever! Rom 5 v9

I. SACRIFICE – ‘MADE CLEAN’

I. A Sacrifice

- made clean

II. A redemption/ransom

- bought back

Engaging with the Cross

II. RANSOM – ‘BOUGHT BACK’

II. RANSOM – ‘BOUGHT BACK’1. OLD TESTAMENT BACKGROUND

History: A redeemed people Law: Reminders of redemption Prophets: Future redemption

The one thing you couldn’t redeem was another’s life Ps 47 v7-9

2. GREEK BACKGROUND Redeeming loans Redeeming prisoners of war Redeeming slaves

II. RANSOM – ‘BOUGHT BACK’3. JESUS’ USE OF THE CONCEPT

A ransom for many Matt 20 v20-28 His cry from the cross John 19 v30 ‘tetelestai’

ALL YOUR SIN IS PAID FOR!

II. RANSOM – ‘BOUGHT BACK’4. PAUL’S USE OF THE CONCEPTa) The word Paul uses

apolutrosis

lutron

b) Why did we need redeeming? Because we were in slavery to

‘the 3 laws of God’s moral universe’

A moral law is something that affects you whether you believe in it or not

II. RANSOM – ‘BOUGHT BACK’4. PAUL’S USE OF THE CONCEPT

The law of sinRom 3 v23

The law of deathRom 6 v23

The law of judgmentRom 5 v16

II. RANSOM – ‘BOUGHT BACK’4. PAUL’S USE OF THE CONCEPT

What was the redemption price paid?

To whom was the ransom paid?

That ransom stretches into the past, present and future!

II. RANSOM – ‘BOUGHT BACK’4. PAUL’S USE OF THE CONCEPT

But we’re not just freed from,we’re also freed into –

The law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus (Rom 8 v2)

II. RANSOM – ‘BOUGHT BACK’4. PAUL’S USE OF THE CONCEPT

Freed from… Freed into…

Sin, death, judgment

Kingdom of darkness

A people of wickedness

Bondage to the Law

New life Rom 8 v1-2Kingdom of light Col 1 v13A people of goodness Titus 2 v11-14Freedom in the SpiritGal 3 v13-14

II. RANSOM – ‘BOUGHT BACK’4. PAUL’S USE OF THE CONCEPT

We don’t have to live in slavery

to anything!

I. A Sacrifice

- made clean

II. A redemption/ransom

- bought back

III. Justification

- put right

Engaging with the Cross

III. JUSTIFICATION – ‘PUT RIGHT’

1. BACKGROUND

a) Two fundamental Old Testament beliefs The righteous God Gen 3; 18 v23-

25; Isa 3 v13-15

 The righteous person Gen 15 v5-6

b) A change in thinking in the inter-testamental period

A growing belief that you could earn credit

Reflected in Luke 18 v9-14

III. JUSTIFICATION – ‘PUT RIGHT’

2. WHAT PAUL EMPHASIZED

God justifies us –

a) While we were still un-godly! Rom 5 v6-8

b) And he does this on the basis of faith alone

c) And this is God’s final word on the matter! OT & NT: there will be a final judgment But for Christians, the

End-time/eschatological judgment has already taken place!

Rom 5 v1-2, 9 Rom 8 v1

Justification: The common Christian view

The End

“NOT GUILTY!”

Justification: Paul’s teaching

The End

NOT GUILTY!

III. JUSTIFICATION – ‘PUT RIGHT’

There is a judgment that Christians still have to face; but it is NOT to do with their DESTINY, but with their REWARDS

2 Corinthians 5 v6-10

1 Cor 3 v101-5

III. JUSTIFICATION – ‘PUT RIGHT’

NOT GUILTY!

I. A Sacrifice

- made clean

II. A redemption/ransom

- bought back

III. Justification

- put right

IV. Reconciliation

- made friends

Engaging with the Cross

IV. RECONCILIATION – ‘MADE FRIENDS’

1. Why do we need reconciling?

2. Who is it that needs reconciling?

IV. RECONCILIATION – ‘MADE FRIENDS’

GOD

MAN MAN

MANA curtain torn

A wall broken

IV. RECONCILIATION – ‘MADE FRIENDS’

IV. RECONCILIATION – ‘MADE FRIENDS’

GOD

MAN MAN

MANA curtain torn

A wall broken

The whole of creation !

Made clean Bought back Put right Made friends

Engaging with the Cross