Sonny Ramaswamy - Computing Research AssociationCombine next-generaon sequencing & new sensor technologies to acquire genotype, phenotype, and environmental data to idenfy relaonship

SmartSystemsFor21stCenturyFoodSystems

SonnyRamaswamy

Nutri6onalSecurityAnExisten6alThreat

Food,Shelter,Fiber,Fuel>9billion

PathForward•  Transforma6vediscoveries

–  SmartSystems–  BigData

•  21stCenturyExtension•  Farmingsystems

–  21stCenturyFarms•  Educa6on•  Policies,regula6on,marke6ng•  Humandimensions•  Communica6ons

SmarterAgriculturalProduc6on?Goal–Developneworimprovedengineereddevices,products,or

systemsthat:

Preciselysense,“reason,”andrespond

Improvetheprofitability,produc5vity,and/orefficiencyofag-relatedopera6onsofall

sizes

Benefitconsumersandsociety

SustainableAgSystems

Produc6vityNeeds

EnvironmentalQuality

EconomicallyViable

QualityofLife

Robusttechnologiesthatcanbeappliedtoawidevarietyofcropsandopera6ons:e.g.,varyingfruitsize,plantsizeandarrangement,andculturalprac6ces

Scale-neutraltechnologies:viableforbothlargeandsmallproducers

Crisis-drivenindustries:weather,regula6on,insectsanddiseases

TechnologyChallenges

CyberphysicalSystems,Robo6cs,AgricultureTechnology

Usingrobo6cstoeliminateunskilled,unsafe,andlow-wagejobswillcreatenewbusinessopportuni5es,withhigher-wage,technicallydemandingjobs,thatcanleadtomoreviable

andresilientruraleconomies.

Robo5cscanhelpagriculturebemoreproduc5veandefficient,andreduceitsfootprintinconsumingresourcesandgenera6ngwaste.

AvailabilityandcostoffarmlaborhascreatedaneconomicdisadvantageformanyagriculturalindustriesintheU.S.astheytrytocompeteintheglobalmarketplace.

Whileproducingsafe,nutri5ous,andaffordablefoodtoserveagrowingglobalpopula6on—aswellasfeed,fiber,andfuel—theagriculturalenterpriseconsumeslargeamountsofland,

water,andpetro-chemicals.

Sustainability

Combinenext-genera5onsequencing&newsensortechnologiestoacquiregenotype,phenotype,

andenvironmentaldatatoiden5fyrela5onshipbetweengenotypeandphenotype

Long-termgoal:acceleratebreedingviamarker-assistedselec6onand

genomicselec6ontoaidrapidseedlingscreening

1)Assistintheproduc6onprocess2)Measureplantperformance

3)Trackenvironmentalcondi6ons4)Informreal-6medecisionmaking

SmartSystemsForFoodProduc6onSystems

DESIGNINGSMARTSYSTEMSFORPRODUCTIVITYANDMANAGINGBIOTIC&ABIOTICSTRESSORS

Newtechnologies,sta6s6caltools,andexperimentaldesignstrategiesaredecreasing

thecostsofmarker-assistedbreeding

GenomestoFieldIni6a6ve

#BigData

Storingcollectedrawdata

Usingalgorithmstogenerateresultsfromtherawdata

Modelingtodevelop

understandingofthedata,informbreedingselec6ons

andfieldtrials

SmartSystemsGenerateData

DESIGNINGSMARTSYSTEMSFORMANAGINGANDANALYZINGDATA

BigData:Opportuni6esOpenDataisapowerful,evidence-basedtoolforlong-termsustainabledevelopmentbyimprovingeconomicopportuni6esforfarmersandhealthofconsumers.Openaccesstoresearch,meta-analysis,andopenpublica6onofdataarevitalresourcesfornutri6onalsecurity.

IainChalmers:CochraneCollabora6on

hhp://www.cochrane.org

Transparent,Collabora6ve,Par6cipatory

ArchibaldCochrane

BigData:Challenges•  Ownership

–  OpenAgTechnologySystems•  DecisionSupportTools

–  OpenAgToolkit–NIFAfunded–  FarmBot

•  Cost•  Bandwith•  Quality•  Cura6on•  Disambigua6on•  Connec6vity•  Cybersecurity•  Storage

Courtesy:DennisBuckmaster;hhps://engineering.purdue.edu/oatsgroup/

SmartSystemsFromFarmtoTable

DESIGNINGSMARTSYSTEMSFROMFARMTOTABLE

SupplyChain

•  On Farm Production •  Soil Health, Water, Nutrients •  Pests/Control •  Energy •  Traceability and Tracking •  Supply Chain Management •  Processing •  Inspection •  Transportation •  Storage

•  Retailers •  Inventory •  Access •  Smart Refrigerators •  Food Safety •  Ripeness •  Shrink Wrap •  Waste •  Smart Services •  Etc.

SmartSystemsRobo6cs

Applica5ontoCaneberries:

PhotoscourtesyofDr.BernadineStrik,OregonStateUniversity

State-of-the-artmachineharvestersinthePacificNorthwestop6mize

efficientharvestofhighqualityfruitforthe

IndividuallyQuickFrozenmarket

Colorandsizesortersensurequalityproducts

inthefreshandprocessedpackingindustries

DESIGNINGROBOTICS

21stCenturyFarm

hhp://6nyurl.com/o78mah9

OutcomeofBigDataandAnaly6cs2014Na6onalCornYieldAverage:171BushelsRandyDowdy,farmerfromGeorgia:503BushelsRandyDowdyusedsensors,op6malvarie6es,irriga6onandfer6lizers,pestcontrol,andBigDataanaly6cswiththehelpofMonsantoandClimateCorp

Real-6meAgDataAnaly6csandControl–ResearchGaps

Increasedproduc6onrequiresefficientproduc6ondecisions

Howcancyber-physicalsystemsleverage“bigdata”real-6meinadiversityofenvironments?

NSF/NIFAjointfundingopportunity:Cyber-PhysicalSystems(closesJune7,2016)

Real-6meAgDataAnaly6csandControl–Drones&Sensors

Applica5onsofdrones:-Firefigh6ng-Scou6ngforinsectpests-Fieldmonitoring

Advantagesofdrones:-Cheap-Lightweight-Cancarryavarietyofsensors/camerasFundingopportunity:SmallBusinessInnovaPonResearch

• MaizeGDB(corn)•  SoyBase(soybean)•  LegumeInforma6onSystem(legumes)•  T3:TheTri6ceaeToolbox•  GrainGenes(wheat,barley,oat)•  Gramene(rice,grape,othermodelplantsystems)•  GenomeDatabaseforRosaceae

NIFA-Funded:OpenData,OpenAccessTools,andCyberinfrastructure

•  AFRIFounda6onalPlantHealthandProduc6onandPlantProductsProgram

–  Pre-breedingandgermplasmenhancement,cul6vardevelopment,selec6ontheory,appliedquan6ta6vegene6cs,andbreeding

–  Conven6onalbreedingfordevelopmentofpubliclyavailablecul6vars

•  AFRIFounda6onalCAREandERGprogram•  AFRIFoodSecurityChallengeArea

–  Breedingandphenomicsofcropstoproducevarie6eswithimprovedresiliencetoextremeweatherandincreasedprotec6onfrompests

–  Enhancednutri6onalcomposi6onforimprovedhumanhealth–  Trainingnextgenera6onofplantbreeders

•  AFRIEduca6onandLiteracyIni6a6ve–  Undergraduate,predoctoral,andpostdoctoralfellowships

SmartSystemstoAccelerateBreeding:FundingOpportuni6es

•  NIFAInterna6onalWheatYieldPartnership–  Breakthroughbreeding,gene6cs,andgenomics

•  NIFA/DOEJointPlantFeedstockGenomicsforBioenergyProgram–  Breedingandgenomicstodevelopnewfeedstocks

•  EarlyConceptGrantsforExploratoryResearch(EAGER)NSF/NIFAJointFunding

–  Breakthroughtechnologiesforanimalandplantphenomicsandmicrobiomes

•  PlantBio6cInterac6onsProgramNSF/NIFAJointFunding–  Processesmedia6ngbeneficialandantagonis6cinterac6onsbetweenplants,symbionts,andpests

•  NIFA/ARPA-E–  TERRAGenomestoPhenomes/Fieldprogram

SmartSystemstoAccelerateBreeding:FundingOpportuni6es

HumansMaher