SOLUTIONS OF ACIDS & BASES Chapter 14, Section 3.

SOLUTIONS OF ACIDS & BASES

Chapter 14, Section 3

Strengths of Acids & Bases

Depends on the number of molecules that break apart when they are dissolved in water

Acids

An acid is dropped into water… If all of the molecules break apart, then it is a _______ acid

If only a few break apart, then it is a ______ acid

strong

weak

Bases

A base is dropped into water… If all of the molecules break apart, then it is a ______ base

If only a few break apart, then it is a ______ base

strong

weak

Acids, Bases, Neutralization

Antacid + Stomach Neutralization Reaction

NR – an acid and base react to form water & salt (neutralize)

The pH scale

Is used to describe how acidic or basic a solution is.

pH of 7 is neutral (not acidic or basic) – water

Basic: pH 8-14 Acidic: pH 1-6

Tell me whether it is acidic or basic and guess what number: Detergents Milk Lemon Juice Clean Rain Acid Rain

Ammonia Sea water Human stomach Coke Saliva

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Dete

rgen

ts

Milk

Coke

Lem

on Ju

ice

Am

mon

ia

Sea W

ate

r

Saliva

Human stomach

Cle

an

rain

Aci

d R

ain

Indicators

Use a pH indicator scale to determine the pH level

pH & the environment

Different plants prefer different pH levels

Pine trees – pH 4-6 Lettuce – pH 8-9

More nature junk

Hydrangea flowers – different colors call for different pH levels

high pHlow pH

Salts

Are produced when an acid neutralizes a base

Sodium hydroxide - Used to make baking soda

Sodium nitrate - used to preserve food

Calcium sulfate – used to make wallboard (construction)

http://www.neok12.com/php/watch.php?v=zX607e0205547b0a79040167&t=Acids-and-Bases