SOLID WASTES.ppt

SOLID WASTESENV20

Introduction to Environmental Engineering

JANg

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SOLID WASTES

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SOLID WASTE

Solid Waste or “basura” most visible environmental priority in the cities

and municipalities in the Philippines Problem even in developed countries

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Solid Wastes wastes not transported by water, that has

been rejected for further use Refuse – other term for solid waste For municipal wastes:

1. Garbage (putrescible food wastes)

2. Rubbish non-putrescible SW) Combustible (paper, plastics, textiles) Non-combustible (glass, metal,

masonry)

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Special Wastes construction debris leaves and street litter abandoned automobiles, old appliances collected at sporadic

intervals from different places

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Causes of SW ProblemGeneration of waste is increasing

rapidly as consumption risesCollection efficiencies are dropping as

service levels deteriorateTreatment and disposal facilities are

facing closure because of improper siting and management, and growing public opposition

Urbanization Industrialization

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Sources and Types of Solid Wastes

Household wastes Commercial-

industrial wastes Farm and

agricultural wastes Institutional wastes Mining wastes Hazardous wastes

Miscellaneous and specialized wastes: Residues of sewage

treatment plants Street sweepings

debris caused by disasters

Large waste (e.g. construction rubble)

Dead animals Ash from incinerators

and residues from the combustion of solid fuels

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Factors that Affect Waste Generation

state of the national (& individual) economy demographic profile of the population lifestyle of the people size and type of dwellings Age Religion extent to which the three R’s of waste

management are carried out presence of pets and domestic animals presence of laws and ordinances governing

waste management Seasonal Variations Company Buy-Back Guarantees

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Characteristics of SOLID WASTES (Composition)

Factors Influencing the Composition of Municipal Solid Wastes

1. Climate2. Frequency Collection3. Prevalence of home garbage grinders4. Social customs5. Per capita income6. Acceptability of packaged & convenience

foods7. Degree of urbanization & industrialization of

the area

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Characteristics of SOLID WASTES (Density and Energy Content)

Density – of the municipal solid waste varies w/ waste composition & the degree of compaction

Energy Content – Municipal solid waste contains about 50% volatile (combustible) matter, w/ roughly equal proportions of moisture & inert solids

- waste is often burned as a means of disposal & a source of energy